Chapter 5 Quiz

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually large when it is ________.

near the horizon

In the Ponzo Illusion, most people ________ the length of the bar that appears to be more ________.

overestimate; distance

Psychics are unable to make millions of dollars betting on horse races. This undermines their claims to possess the power of ________.

precognition

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of ________.

proximity

The size of the difference threshold is greater for heavier objects than for lighter ones. This best illustrates ________.

Weber's law

Visual information is processed by ganglion cells ________ it is processed by rods and cones and ________ it is processed by bipolar cells.

after; after

Damage to the cochlea's hair cells is most likely to affect our ________.

audition

Receptor cells for the vestibular sense send messages to the ________.

cerebellum

The ________ is a fluid-filled tube in which sound waves trigger nerve impulses.

cochlea

The conversion of the mechanical energy produced by sound waves into neural impulses occurs in the ________.

cochlea

The most common form of colorblindness is a(n) _______ color deficiency.

red-green

As compared to long objects, short objects vibrate ________ and produce sound waves of ________ frequency.

faster; higher

Which of the following types of cells are located in the brain's visual cortex?

feature detectors

The wavelength of light determines its ________.

hue

Dissociation has been used as an explanation for ________.

hypnotic pain relief

Pedro recognized that his son was closer to him than his daughter because his son partially blocked his view of his daughter. Pedro's perception was most clearly influenced by a distance cue known as ________.

interposition

The ring of muscle tissue that controls the pupil's size is called the ________.

iris

The sense we feel when we bend our knees or raise our arms is called ________.

kinesthesis

In the Müller-Lyer illusion, the arrowheads at the ends of the lines lead people to misjudge the ________ of the two horizontal lines.

length

Railroad tracks appear to converge in the distance. This provides a cue for depth perception known as ________.

linear perspective

In vision, an inverted mirror image of an object is focused on the ________.

retina

The distance between our right and left eyes provides us with a cue for depth perception known as ________.

retinal disparity

Normal vision accompanied by prosopagnosia best illustrates the distinction between ________.

sensation and perception

If you move your watchband up your wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for only a few moments. This best illustrates ________.

sensory adaptation

A drink's strawberry odor enhances our perception of its sweetness. This best illustrates ________.

sensory interaction

A door casts an increasingly trapezoidal image on our retinas as it opens, yet we still perceive it as rectangular. This illustrates ________.

shape constancy

A ________ message is one that is presented below one's absolute threshold for awareness.

subliminal

The absolute threshold is the minimum stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus ________% of the time.

50

Rules for organizing stimuli into coherent groups were first identified by ________.

Gestalt psychologists

The frequency of a sound wave is measured in ________.

Hertz

Immanuel Kant and John Locke would have been most likely to disagree about the extent to which perception is influenced by ________.

cultural experience

The Ponzo Illusion illustrates that people judge the size of an object in terms of its perceived ________.

distance

After some practice, Carol was able to read books while holding them upside down. This best illustrates ________.

perceptual adaptation

The fact that we recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless of changing viewing angles illustrates ________.

perceptual constancy

After hearing that Bryce had served a prison sentence, Janet began to perceive his friendly behavior as insincere and manipulative. This best illustrates the impact of ________.

perceptual set

Our assumptions and expectations often provide a(n) ________ for viewing reality.

perceptual set

The stimulus energy underlying your experience of sound involves continuous changes in ________.

timbre

The waveform of a sound determines our experience of ________.

timbre

The local fire department sounds the 12 o'clock whistle. The process by which your ears transform the sound waves from the siren into neural impulses is an example of ________.

transduction

The theory that humans have receptors in the retina that are specialized for red, blue, and green light is called the ________ theory.

trichromatic

In the Poggendorf illusion involving a rectangular post with a line segment protruding from each side, most people fail to correctly align the two line segments because they ________ the width of the rectangular post.

underestimate

In the horizontal/vertical illusion, most people perceive a ________ line as ________ than an equally long horizontal line .

vertical; longer

The hue (or color) of light depends on its ________.

wavelength

When all three types of cones are stimulated at once, a person will see _______.

white

The opponent-process theory explains why we would see a ________ afterimage after staring at a blue object.

yellow