Chapter 5 Quiz Review

What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest?

Different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies.

Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, the law of continuity, and principle of closure?

Gestalt

What has research shown about processing subliminal messages?

In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness.

How does a cochlear implant enable the deaf to hear?

It receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain.

Two lines appear to be a different length, though in reality they are the same length. This is known as the __________ illusion.

Muller-Lyer

Which of the following statements about the vestibular sense is false?

The vestibular sense id divided into olfaction, gustation, and audition.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Pain that signals some type of tissue damage is know as neuropathic pain"

The word "neuropathic" should be changed to the word "inflammatory"

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The central tenet of Gestalt psychology is that the pattern is different from the sum of its parts."

The word "pattern" should be changed to the world "whole."

Why are olfaction and gustation called chemical senses?

They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat and or in the air we breathe.

Read the following two sentences. (1) Gre eng rass gr ow son themoun tain. (2) Green grass grows on the mountain. How does the principle of proximity explain why the second sentence make sense immediately, but the first sentence does not?

We group letters of a given word together because there are no space between the letters, and we perceives words because there are spaces between each word.

Suppose you are watching a movie on a large screen. For a fraction of a second, the words "drink cola" flash on the screen. You do not perceive the words "drink cola" because it is beyond your absolute threshold. In this example, the message "drink cola" is an example of __________.

a subliminal message

Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory __________.

adaptation

Kimya stares at a bright light and then look away. After she look away, she perceives a spot. What is this spot?

afterimage

What term describes the continuation of a visual sensation after removal of the stimulus?

afterimage

Sarit is at a bar full of music, chatter, and laughter. He gets involved in an interest conversation with a woman named Mona, and he turns out all the background noise. Sarit's friend, Karen, taps him on the shoulder and asks what song just played on the jukebox. Sarit says he doesn't know, even though he is sitting right next to the jukebox and is familiar with popular music. This illustrates the role that __________ plays in what is sensed versus what is perceived.

attention

Inattentional __________ refers to the failure to notice something that is completely visible due to a lack of attention.

blindness

What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario? Esther's mother offers her a new dish she's been working on- a raisin-jalapeno quiche. Esther's body responds first: Esther eyes the contents of the skillet, and smells the mix of raisins, jalapenos, and eggs. Her stomach churns and she looks away. Feeling disgust and disappointment, she says "I'm not hungry/"

bottom-up

The visible spectrum refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we __________.

can see

Ronaldo was born without the ability to experience pain, though he can perceive temperature differences and changes in pressure. What is his condition called?

congenital analgesia

Light waves are transmitted across the __________ and enter the eye through the __________.

cornea; pupil

The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave __________ to the lowest point on the wave __________.

crest; trough

When light levels are low, the pupil will become __________, to allow more light to enter the eye.

dilated

Hertz is a measure of __________.

frequency

Which of the following exemplifies the sense of audition?

hearing a song on the radio

__________-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitch sounds, while __________-frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds.

high; low

What concept is illustrated by the following study? Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one third of the subject did not notice it.

inattentional blindness

The __________ is also known as the anvil.

incus

Which of the following describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli?

just noticeable

Which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space?

kinesthesia

At the point of the optic chiasm, information from the right visual field (which comes from both eyes) is sent to the __________ side of the brain, and information from the left visual field is sent to the __________ side of the brain.

left; right

Longer wavelengths will have __________ frequencies, and shorter wavelengths will have __________ frequencies.

lower, higher

Our vestibular sense contributes to our ability to __________.

maintain balance and body posture

Felicia smacks her thumb with a hammer while building a doghouse. The sense of __________ provides her brain with the information about the pain she feels.

nociception

Which nerve carries visual information form the retina to the brain?

optic

What is the X-shaped structure that sits just below the brain's ventral surface and represents the merging of the optic nerves from the two eyes?

optic chiasm

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception?

perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt.

What allows Nancy to run without watching her feet and hit a baseball without focusing on the bat?

proprioception

Vinnie is standing on one leg with his arms in the air. The __________ sense helps keep him balanced so he has less chance of falling over.

vestibular

Honeybees can see light in the __________ range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

ultraviolet

Which of the following statements best describes trichromatic theory and opponent-process theory?

Both theories are equally accurate, but they apply to different levels of the nervous system.

Catherine is at a crowded baseball game when she loses track of her son, Nick. Despite the loud cheering and noise of the crowd, she can pinpoint his location when he alls for her because she can distinguish the sound of his voice from the all the other voices. This illustrates __________ theory.

signal detection

Congenital deafness refers to deafness __________.

since birth

Which of the following exemplifies olfaction?

smelling cookies in the oven

Which of the following exemplifies gustation?

tasting freshly caught salmon

What is amplitude?

the height of a wave

Individuals suffering from congenital analgesia have a shorter life span due to __________.

their injuries and secondary infections of injured sites

What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario. Shimon offers Mouin some salmon. Mouin thinks, "How nice. My friend is offering me fish. I wonder where he got it. This thought leads Mouin to feel happy, appreciative, and curious; he responds with a smile and an extended hand.

top-down

Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts?

top-down

Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of __________.

transduction

What is a binaural cue?

two-eared cute to localize sound