Chapter 5 Quiz

Peterson and Peterson studied how well participants can remember groups of three letters (like BRT, QSD) after various delays. They found that participants remembered an average of 80 percent of the groups after 3 seconds but only 10 percent after 18 seconds. The results of their study led to the conclusion that short-term memory is effective for a maximum of around

15-20 seconds.

Which of the following is responsible for keeping items in the phonological store from decaying?

Articulatory rehearsal process

Which model of memory takes into account the dynamic processes involved in cognition and the fact that people can perform two tasks at the same time?

Baddeley's working memory model

Before going to the grocery store, Jamal quickly made a list in his head of the few items he needed to cook dinner. Driving to the store, he repeated the list over and over to himself so that he wouldn't forget anything. How would Broadbent describe Jamal's actions in the car?

Rehearsal in short-term memory

Models designed to explain mental functioning are constantly refined and modified to explain new results. Which of the following exemplifies this concept based on the results presented in your text?

Replacing the short-term memory component of the modal model with working memory

While you are studying for your history exam about World War II, your friend is asking you questions. To answer their questions, you would need to access which type of long-term memories?

Semantic memory

The research on working memory and event-related potential with high-capacity groups and low-capacity groups has found that who is better at "tuning out" distractors?

The research has concluded that the high-capacity group is better able to tune out distractions.

The short-term changes in neural network connectivity related to working memory are known as

activity-silent working memory.

Have you ever tried to think of the words and hum the melody of one song while the radio is playing a different song? People have often noted that this is very difficult to do. This difficulty can be understood as

articulatory suppression.

You are studying for you exam and need to remember the following words: picnic, basket, lion, tiger, bear, brick, coward, and emerald. To help you remember these words, you create a sentence using each of the words. This is an example of

chunking.

A property of control processes in the modal model of memory is that they

may differ from one task to another.

Chantal has damage to her frontal lobe. She is doing a problem-solving task in which she has to choose the red object out of many choices. She can easily complete this repeatedly, but when the experimenter asks her to choose the blue object on a new trial of the task, she continues to choose the red one, even when the experimenter gives her feedback that she is incorrect. Chantal is displaying

perseveration

The phonological stores and the articulatory rehearsal process are components of the

phonological loop.

Funahashi's work on monkeys doing a delayed response task examined the role of neurons in the

prefrontal cortex.

The three structural components of the modal model of memory are

sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory.

Rehearsal is important for transferring information from

short-term memory to long-term memory.

When a sparkler is twirled rapidly, people perceive a circle of light. This occurs because

the length of iconic memory is about a fraction of a second.

The ability to manipulate information in memory temporarily while remembering something else is called

working memory.