chapter 5 written lang
fluency
(n.) spoken or written with ease, particularly as related to a language; (adj.) easy and graceful; flowing
List the 5 steps of the writing process
1. Prewriting 2. Drafting 3. Revising 4. Proofreading / Editing 5. Publishing
the authors craft traits
1.ideas 2.organization 3.voice 4.word choice 5.sentence fluency 6.conventions
scaffold
Adjusting the support offered during a teaching session to fit the child's current level of performance
Prewriting
Brainstorm Ideas: Form ideas about what you want to write. Make a list of these ideas. Ask others what they want to know about your ideas. Think about what you want to say.
Revising
Change the text: Read what you wrote again. Think about what others said. *Change words or ideas to better ones. *Add or take out parts. Complete any unfinished thoughts.
Proofreading/Editing
Check spelling, punctuation, grammar, and vocabulary: Make sure all sentences are complete. Check spelling, capitalization, and punctuation. Make needed corrections. Have someone check your work. Neatly rewrite your story.
poetry writing
Creative writing written in verse
Publishing
It is neat, clean, and visible: Give your story a title. Bind your story together into a book. Read it to others. Display it at home or in school. Congratulate yourself on a job well done.
Why do we need to plan our writing?
It organizes our thoughts and what readers will read
What are the planning stages of the Writing Process?
Prewriting and drafting Read these stages for ideas of how to organize yourself while planning.
editing
Purpose- correcting spelling, grammar, punctuation, mechanics, etc. Strategies- peer editing groups; proof reading; computer programs for spelling, etc.; programmed materials; and mini lessons.
What is the difference between revising and editing?
Revising means to change text - change words/ideas to better ones and add or remove parts. Editing means to check spelling, punctuation, capitalization, grammar, and vocabulary, make sure sentences are complete, and make corrections.
common core state standards
Standards designed to ensure that the K-12 curriculum standards are consistent across all states and with the goal that every student is adequately prepared to enter college or the workforce.
Drafting
Start Writing: Choose your best idea to write about Plan how you will write it. Write a first draft of your story. Read your story to others and ask them their thoughts about it.
reading process
Students use pre-reading, reading, responding, exploring, and applying
narrative writing
Tells the story of real-life experiences
writing process
There are 5 steps to the writing process: 1) prewriting 2) drafting 3) editing 4) revision 5) publishing
choosing a topic
Things you know a lot about, want to know more about. Brainstorming: personal inventory, clustering, reference search, internet search
close reading
a procedure to deepen students comprehension of challenging texts through repeated reading of a brief text passage and analysis of individual words and sentences
three ways people are persuaded
appeals to logic, moral character, emotion
word Identification
children recognize high frequency words automatically and use their knowledge of phonics and word parts to decode unfamiliar words
steps in prewriting
choosing a topic, considering purpose and audience, and generating and organizing ideas
comprehension
constructing meaning using the authors text along with background knowledge
apply
fifth stage of the reading process. readers go beyond the text to use what they have learned in another literacy experience often by making a project or reading a book
exploring
fourth stage of the reading process. readers reread the text, study vocabulary words, and learn strategies and skills
activities in the editing stage
getting distance from the composition, proofreading to locate errors, and correcting errors.
writing genres
informational writing, narrative writing, personal writing, persuasive writing, poetry writing
five genres
informational,journals, letters, persuasive ,poetry and stories
ways teachers can help students understand the importance of connection reading and writing
involve students in daily reading and writing activities, teach reading and writing activities, and talk about similarities between reading and writing
activities during the publishing stage
making final copies of work, reading from the authors chair, sharing their writing
five stages of the reading process
prereading, reading, responding, exploring, applying
five stages of the writing process
prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, publishing
strategies
problem solving behaviors that students is in reading and writing
activities in the revising stage
rereading the rough draft, sharing the rough draft in a revising group, revising on the basis of feedback, conferencing with the teacher.
ways of exploring texts
rereading the selection, examining the authors craft, focusing on vocabulary, teaching minilessons
how is narrative writing used
retell familiar stories, develop sequals for stories the have read, write personal narratives, create original stories
Reading
second stage of reading process. readers read the text for the first time using independent reading, shared reading or guided reading or by listening to it read aloud Students read independently , with a buddy , using shared reading . though guided reading. to listen to the text read aloud. Students apply strategies, students read illustrations and charts.
types of reading
shared reading, guided reading, independent reading, buddy reading, reading aloud to students
how do students apply the text read
students apply their experiences, responses, and exploring activities as they create projects.
drafting
students get their ideas down on paper and skip lines as they write
independent reading
students read texts independently and often choose the text themselves.
writing in reading logs
students write down what they have read about
reading aloud to students
teachers or other fluent readers read aloud to students
shared reading
teachers read aloud while students follow along using individual copies of a book, a class chart, or a big book.
guided reading
teachers support students as they read texts at their reading levels. students are grouped homogeneously
Prereading
the first stage of the reading process, in which readers activate background knowledge, set purposes, and make plans for reading
Process
the steps it takes to finish a task (I.e. formal writing). It has a start and a stop.
responding
third stage of reading process. readers respond to the text often through grand conversations and by writing in reading logs
how is informational writing used
to give directions, sequences steps, compare one thing to another, or describe problems and solutions
buddy reading
two students read or reread a text together
how is persuasive writing used
winning someone to your viewpoint or cause
what are four important factors in developing capable readers
word identification (phoneme-grapheme relationships), fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension
how is poetry writing used
word pictures, play with rhyme, and other stylistic devices
how is personal writing used
write to themselves or specific audience, writing is less formal, share news, explore new ideas, and record notes
ways students can respond to a text
writing in reading logs or participating in grand conversations
persuasive writing
writing that attempts to convince the reader or listener to adopt a particular opinion or course of action
informational writing
writing that tells the reader about something, gives facts, or explains something