Chapter 6
Synthetic cathinone
Artificial form of a drug found naturally in the khat plant
Cocaethlene
Compound formed in the body when cocaine is taken with alcohol
Stimulant psychosis
Condition that includes paranoid delusions and disorientation resembling the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia
High dose
Condition whose symptoms include a psychotic state, paranoid delusions, and a risk of overdose death
Behavioral Effect
Condition whose symptoms include a sense of elation, increased sociability, and increased resistance to fatigue
Formication syndrome
Condition with symptoms of itching and feeling as if insects were crawling under skin
Anhedonia
Inability to experience normal pleasure
Anorectic Effect
Loss of appetite or suppression of eating
Meth mouth
Phenomenon characterized by deterioration and loss of teeth
State-dependent learning
Phenomenon where knowledge gained under the influence is best recalled when in the same condition
Freebasing
Practice of heating cocaine and inhaling the vapors
Mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway
Region of the brain thought to mediate reward
Extinction phase
Stage whereby the craving response is extinguished to environment cues
Crack
Type of cocaine produced by mixing cocaine salt with baking soda and water
Once use of the drug has stopped, when will a long-term user of cocaine likely begin to show normal levels of dopamine activity in the brain? a. 21 days b. 30 days c. 60 days d. 7 days
a. 21 days
Why do researchers believe that people experience an emotional "crash" following a period of heavy use of amphetamines? a. Neurotransmitters are destroyed. b. Monoamines are reabsorbed. c. Enzymes are deactivated. d. Cathinones are synthesized.
a. Neurotransmitters are destroyed.
________ learning occurs when a person's recall of material studied while high is best if the person is high when taking the test. a. State-dependent b. Sympathomimetic c. Sensory-adjacent d. Situational
a. State-dependent
Which of the following best describes the experience of taking amphetamines intravenously? a. a strong "high" then a quick decline b. a slow buildup, peak "high," then slow decline c. an immediate sustained energetic "high" d. a mellow "high" that builds slowly
a. a strong "high" then a quick decline
After taking crystal nonstop for several days, Tamara crashed. What did she likely experience in the days after she woke up? a. depression b. narcolepsy c. psychosis d. formication
a. depression
Illicit use of Ritalin among college students mirrors use of the drug among children because they tend to use it to ________. a. enhance studying b. elevate mood c. improve athletics d. prevent depression
a. enhance studying
A common term for smoking cocaine is ________. a. freebasing b. speedballing c. huffing d. snorting
a. freebasing
A drug test for stimulant usage checks for which of the following in urine? a. metabolites b. enzymes c. residues d. neurotransmitters
a. metabolites
Which of the following was NOT a common use of the coca leaf during ancient times? a. recreation b. spirituality c. productivity d. healing
a. recreation
A person who develops acute tolerance for cocaine at a party will lose that tolerance following no further use of the drug for what timeframe? a. 60 minutes b. 18 hours c. 72 hours d. 36 hours
b. 18 hours
When was the coca plant introduced to Europe? a. 1600s b. 1800s c. 1700s d. 1500s
b. 1800s
When did science first indicate that children with hyperactivity could be calmed using stimulant drugs? a. 1984 b. 1937 c. 1962 d. 2001
b. 1937
Based on reports of related health emergencies, when did the popularity of bath salts reach its highest point? a. 2009 b. 2011 c. 2015 d. 2004
b. 2011
The natural version of the substance used in bath salts is common to what region? a. Asia b. Africa c. South America d. Central America
b. Africa
DeMarco's fourth-grade son Marlon was recently prescribed Concerta. How will this likely affect Marlon in school? a. He will get depressed by midday. b. He will finish desk work on time. c. He will be drowsy in the morning. d. He will be prone to pick fights.
b. He will finish desk work on time.
Jimmy's friends and family are concerned about him. Although he was able to quit smoking crack a month ago, he seems unable to enjoy things that he used to love doing. What is Jimmy experiencing? a. psychosis b. anhedonia c. schizophrenia d. anorexia
b. anhedonia
Which of Freud's recommended applications for cocaine has been verified by research? a. as an antidepressant b. as an anesthetic c. as an aphrodisiac d. as a syphilis cure
b. as an anesthetic
Tommy, a heavy cocaine user, has begun to experience what he describes as an intense, itchy "crawly" feeling under his skin. Which of the following is Tommy experiencing? a. paranoia b. formication c. withdrawal d. sternutation
b. formication
Snorting cocaine became popular in the 1970s due to ________. a. growing knowledge of the dangers of freebasing b. its reputation as a cultural status symbol c. manufacturers' removal of cocaine from Coca-Cola d. the reduced legal penalties for possession
b. its reputation as a cultural status symbol
Carolyn asked her doctor to prescribe an amphetamine so she could lose weight before her wedding. The doctor refused due to the potential risk of ________. a. extreme weight loss b. physical dependence c. episodes of psychosis d. damage to the liver
b. physical dependence
Which of the following is a common result of heavy amphetamine use? a. heart failure b. violence c. overdose d. lung cancer
b. violence
Donte snorted ten lines of cocaine during a party with friends on a Saturday night. About how much did he ingest in total? a. 300 milligrams b. 50 milligrams c. 150 milligrams d. 750 milligrams
c. 150 milligrams
When was the use of cocaine first regulated by the U.S. government? a. 1879 b. 1947 c. 1914 d. 1938
c. 1914
How long were amphetamines formally used as medicine before problems with its use were recognized? a. 80 years b. 20 years c. 40 years d. 100 years
c. 40 years
In 1994, Vanessa was sentenced to five years in prison for possession of crack cocaine. If she had the minimum amount required to trigger the five-year sentence, how much of the substance was Vanessa carrying? a. 500 grams b. 50 grams c. 5 grams d. 500 milligrams
c. 5 grams
Someone who snorts a moderate dose of cocaine at a party would likely ingest how much of the substance? a. 100 milligrams b. 10 milligrams c. 50 milligrams d. 25 milligrams
c. 50 milligrams
Based on a recent survey, what is the average prevalence of cocaine use among high school seniors? a. about 4% b. about 1% c. about 2% d. about 5%
c. about 2%
The fact that cocaine users never experience the same amount of pleasure from the first line of a session as from subsequent lines is defined as ________ tolerance. a. reverse b. protracted c. acute d. chronic
c. acute
Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT primarily affected by stimulant drugs? a. dopamine b. norepinephrine c. adenosine d. serotonin
c. adenosine
Which of the following characteristics is common across the various stimulant drugs? a. onset b. duration c. effects d. manufacture
c. effects
Glenn is looking to get the quickest rush possible from a stimulant. How should he ingest it? a. inject it b. snort it c. smoke it d. swallow it
c. smoke it
Wanda's sweaty palms and dilated pupils indicate that the crack she smoked has activated which of the following? a. the parasympathetic branch of her peripheral nervous system b. the parasympathetic branch of her autonomic nervous system c. the sympathetic branch of her autonomic nervous system d. the sympathetic branch of her peripheral nervous system
c. the sympathetic branch of her autonomic nervous system
Physiological effect
condition whose symptoms are the same as those seen in emotional arousal and appetite-suppression
Where did the resurgence of meth use begin in the 1990s? a. Texas b. New York c. Florida d. California
d. California
Alberto lives in a Midwestern city and is a regular user of meth. Where does Alberto's supply likely come from? a. kitchen lab b. Vietnam c. Columbia d. Mexico
d. Mexico
If a person wanted to experience the mildest effects from cocaine, how would they ingest it? a. inject a liquid b. smoke a rock c. snort a powder d. chew a leaf
d. chew a leaf
What serves to extend the dangers of methamphetamine use in communities today? a. retail access to pseudoephedrine b. growing use among teenagers c. coordinated organized crime sales d. disposal of biohazard by-products
d. disposal of biohazard by-products
Which of the following is categorized as a behavioral effect of stimulant use? a. elevated respiration b. elevated heart rate c. elevated blood pressure d. elevated demeanor
d. elevated demeanor
Which of the following potential side effects of prescribing amphetamines for ADHD would cause the most concern from a development perspective? a. weight gain b. hormone changes c. poor appetite d. growth delay
d. growth delay
Jason ingested a very high dose of bath salts at a dance club and was rushed to the hospital in an ambulance. What did Jason likely experience? a. low heart rate b. coma c. vomiting d. hallucinations
d. hallucinations
Which of the following commonly develops in a person who takes high doses of stimulant drugs? a. schizophrenia b. phobia c. narcissism d. psychosis
d. psychosis
Which of the following correctly lists amphetamine ingestion methods from shortest to longest onset of effects? a. snorting, smoking, swallowing, injecting b. injecting, snorting, smoking, swallowing c. swallowing, snorting, smoking, injecting d. smoking, injecting, snorting, swallowing
d. smoking, injecting, snorting, swallowing