Chapter 6
IEEE 802.11
family of wireless protocols
peer to peer LAN
network where no one central device controls communications
static IP address
permanent IP address
fiber optic technology
uses light instead of electricity to represent bits.
intranet
uses web technologies to serve organization's employees located in several sights
virtual private network
"tunnel" through internet or other public network that allows only authorized uses to access company resources.
peer to peer file sharing
applications that help locate and download files from any online computer.
Improvements to businesses by telecommunications
better business communication greater efficiency better distribution of data instant transactions flexible and mobile workforce alternative channels
Greek word "tele"
distance
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)
increases rename and speed of wireless communications
protocol
set of rules that govern communication between computers and other devices that exchange data
bandwidth
speed at which data is communicated
dynamic IP address
temporary IP address assigned for the duration of connection only
metropolitan area network (MAN)
usually links multiple LANs within a large city or metropolitan region and typically spans a distance of up to 50 kilometers.
optical carrier
very high connection speeds with high prices carried though fiber lines
Wi-FI
wireless fidelity; collective term for family of wireless protocols
radio frequency identification (RFID)
Used to ID people or things using radio waves
encryption
ability to scramble and code messages through keys that are shared only between the sender and receiver
access point (AP)
allows x number of wireless devices to share an internet link by being connected to a wired network and then to the Internet
coaxial cable
also called TV cable; used for cable TV transmission and links to the internet
transmission rate
also called bandwidth or bit rate; speed at which data is communicated
repeater
amplifies or regenerates signals so that they don't become weak or distorted
broadband over power lines
broadband service offered through powerlines
network
combo of devices connected to each other through one communication media
switch
common device often used as central location to connect computers or devices to local network
host
computer connected directly to internet; also called server
local area network (LAN)
computer network within building or campus of adjacent buildings; usually set up by orgs to enhance communications and to share IT resources
node
computer or communication device
internet service providers (ISP)
cost much less than VANs
digital subscriber line (DSL)
data remains digital throughout the entire transmission, never transformed into analog
bridge
device that connects two networks, such as LAN to internet
Bluetooth
devices that communicate with each other within a short range. Transmits voice and dara
hotspot
direct link to wireless router or access point; allows internet access or anyone within range who uses a wireless device
scalability
ease of expanding a system
wide area network (WAN)
far-reaching system of networks made of multiple LANs for MANs. Most well known example is the internet
modem
from modulator demodulator. device whose purpose is to translate communication signals from analog to digital and vice versa
microwaves
high frequency radio waves that can carry signals over long distances with high accuracy; only effective if line between transmitter and receiver is unobstructed
backbone
highest speed communication channels
electromagnetic interference radio frequency interference
light not susceptible to this; fiber optic communication much less prone to error than twisted pair and radio transmission
narrowband
lower speeds such as dial-up connections
bits per second (bps)
measurement unit of bandwidth
wireless LANs
offer significant benefits such as easy installation, moveable equipment, less costly to maintain, and more scalability
server
one computer used as a central repository of programs and files that all connected computers can use
Ethernet
only LAN protocol of significance using coaxial cable
communications medium
physical means that transports the signal such as copper wire or radio waves
t1 and t3 line
point to point dedicated digital circuits provided by telephone companies; expensive
fixed wireless
point to point transmission between two stationary devices as opposed to mobile wireless
twisted pair cable
popular medium for connecting computers and networking devices because it is relatively flexible, reliable and low cost.
network interface card
proper network circuitry which connects through cable or wireless antenna to a switch, bridge or router, which in turn connects to LAN or WAN
value added networks (VAN)
provide enhanced network services. provides reliable data communications while relieving burden of providing own network maintenance and management
router
routes dara packets to the next node on their way to final destination
network protocol
rules that govern communications between network of devices.
geostationary and low earth orbit
serve as radio relay stations in orbit above earth that receive, amplify and redirect signals
extranet
serves both employees and other enterprises that do business with an organization
DNS (domain name system)
service that supports the process of associating character based names with an IP address
TCP/IP transmission control protocol/internet protocol
set of related protocols. TCP ensures that packets arrive accurately and in proper order. IP ensure delivery of packets from node to node in the most efficient manner
downstream
speed of receiving from the network
upstream
speeds of transmitting into the network
near-field communication (NFC)
standard communication protocol to create radio connection between 2 devices
VoIP (Voice over internet protocol)
standard for software that digitizes and comprises voice signals and transmits the bits over internet link
Long Term Evolution (LTE)
standard method of wireless communications, specifically for high speed data transmission for mobile phones
EPC (electronic product code)
tag used to identify a product equipped with digital memory and a unique code
telecommunications
transmittal of data and info form one point to another. communication over a distance
videoconferencing
transmitted images and speech
IP address
uniquely identifiable numerical label for every device on the internet
broadband
when a line is capable of carrying multiple transmissions simultaneously; associated with high speed network connection
fiber to home (FTTH)
when optical fiber reaches the subscriber's living or work space
personal area network
wireless network designed for handheld and portable devices and is intended for use by only one or two people.