Chapter 6: Auxiliary Verb Phrases
When will progressive 'be' only have the tense feature?
If it's the first verb in the sequence
What symbol represents the complementiser in a phrase tree to represent questions?
C
When can a lexical verb change form in the present tense?
Only if the subject can be replaced by a 3rd person pronoun
What is the node above the sentence that can contain a complementiser and the sentence?
S-bar
What determines the form of a verb?
The verb that precedes it
What distinguishes modal verbs from primary auxiliary verbs?
They are always tensed (finite) and never show subject-verb agreement
Which verbs cannot be made passive?
intransitive, intensive
What are the complements of auxiliary verbs?
VP
What is created in the object position left by the movement of the object to subject position in a passive phrase marker?
a gap (represented as a dot)
What is the function of the PP 'by' in a passive sentence?
adverbial adjunct (modifies lexical VP)
Which verb can the negative particle (not or n't) attach to?
auxiliary
Which verbs can move in front of the subject NP in questions?
auxiliary
Which verbs, if present, always precede the lexical verb?
auxiliary
Which verbs never take an NP complement?
auxiliary (they take a VP complement)
What is the head of a VP with multiple verbs?
auxiliary verb
What are the primary auxiliary verbs?
be, have, do
What are some examples of auxiliary verbs?
be, have, do, can, could, will, would, may, need
What can only be ellipted?
constituents
What verb is used to carry negation and determine tense if there are no other auxiliary verbs?
do
What are verb forms that are tensed?
finite
Which object becomes the subject in the passive of ditransitive verbs?
first
Which verb, whether lexical or auxiliary, displays the tense distinction between past and present
first verb
which verb is the perfect auxiliary?
have
Which verbs can be both lexical and auxiliary?
have, be
Where is the negative particle 'not' placed?
immediately after the tensed auxiliary
Where does the tensed auxiliary verb move in a question?
in front of the subject
What can introduce a verb following a lexical verb, but not when it follows an auxiliary verb?
infinite particle 'to'
What are auxiliary verbs that are not primary auxiliary verbs (ie not be, have, do)
modal auxiliaries
What is the order of verbs before a lexical verb?
modal, perfect, progressive, passive
What verb precedes the perfect 'have'?
modals
Which verbs always appear in their basic (non finite) stem form?
modals
What are verb forms that cannot be tensed?
non-finite
What form must the verb be in if it is preceded by the perfect have?
non-finite past participle
What form does the verb that follows the perfect 'have' always take?
non-finite perfect participle
What voice are sentences in that use the passive auxiliary verb 'be'?
passive
What verb form follows a passive 'be'?
passive participle (perfect participle)
For most verbs, what is the past participle form identical to?
past tense
What is a special feature of the perfect auxiliary 'have'
refers to past time independently of past tense
What does the object in an active sentence become in the corresponding passive sentence?
subject
What is the change of form in the finite verb according to the number and person of the subject NP?
subject-verb agreement
What does an adverbial modify if it is in a verb phrase
the following VP
What do sentence-final adverbials modify (and form a VP constituent with)?
the lexical VP
What is the progressive participle?
the non finite -ing form following the verb to be
What is the progressive auxiliary verb?
to be
