Chapter 6

After a single presentation, Megan can recall her friend's long-distance telephone number and five-digit extension even though the sequence contains 15 digits. One reason for her ease of recall is that she combined the digits into smaller groups of three each. This process is called _____.​

Chunking

Using the phrase "Elvis's Guitar Broke Down on Friday" to remember the lines (EGBDF) in a musical treble clef is an example of _____.​

Elaborative Rehearsal

_________ is the first stage of information processing.​

Encoding

________ is the memory to perform an act in the future, as at a certain time or when a certain event occurs.​

Prospective memory

_________ of stored information means locating it and returning it to consciousness.​

Retrieval

When Claire was baking an apple pie, the odor of the pie triggered some memories of her childhood. She remembered playing with her younger brother in the living room while her mother baked apple pies. Her memory is an example of a _____.​

context-dependent memory

Abe and Rose, who have been married for 13 years, are discussing the events that led to their very first date. Rose distinctly remembers giving Abe her telephone number at a party, but Abe is certain that he got her number from her best friend, Linda. Abe and Rose have different _____ of the event.

episodic memories

Christopher knows a lot of facts about the planet earth. He knows that the circumference of the earth is 40,030 km even though he did not personally measure the circumference of the earth. This knowledge is referred to as _____.​

semantic memory

Tracy had taken tennis lessons when she was very young and was a good tennis player in her school. However, she had not played tennis for years when she decided to enroll in a tennis class at college. At the tennis class, a moment after she picked up her racket, Tracy realized that she had shifted it to the correct forehand grip without even thinking. Tracy's _____ made this possible.​

​implicit memory

What is true about explicit memory?

It is memory that clearly and distinctly expresses specific information.

Which of the following is true about anterograde amnesia?

It is the failure to remember the events that occurred after a physical trauma.

_________ is the sensory register that briefly holds mental representations of auditory stimuli.​

​Echoic memory

_________ is the inability to recall events that occur prior to the age of three or so.​

​Infantile amnesia

_________ is the first stage in the three stage theory of memory proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968).

​Sensory memory

To remember the names of all the countries in Asia, Jennifer is mentally repeating all the country names several times. This scenario illustrates _____.​

​maintenance rehearsal

Jonah loves learning new languages. In high-school, he learned French and in college, he learned Italian. Sometimes, when he has a problem remembering Italian words, French words come to mind instead. This is an example of _____.​

​proactive interference

Stephen was recently involved in a car accident in which he was critically injured. He now is unable to recall the events that occurred just before the accident. Stephen is suffering from _____.​

​retrograde amnesia

The _________ is the tendency to recall more accurately the first and last items in a series.​

​serial-position effect

The _____ is the feeling that information is stored in memory although it cannot be readily retrieved.​

​tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

What is true about long-term memory?

There are no known limits to how much can be stored in it; it never gets full.