Chapter 6 Bones

Crest

A distinct border or ridge; an upper elevated edge

Fissure

A groove or depression in a bone

Foramen

A hole within a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass

Fossa

A hollow or shallow concave depression in a bone

Condyle

A knucklelike projection at the end of a bone

Scapula

A large triangular shape bone is also called the shoulder blade bone

Epiphyseal line

A layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of the bone

Osteocytes

A mature bone cell

Spine

A sharp projection from the surface of a bone

Acromion

A spoon shaped protection of the scapula connects with the clavicle to form the highest point of the shoulder

Articular cartilage

A thin layer of cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones in the surfaces of the joints

Tuberosity

An elevated, broad, rounded process of a bone, usually for muscle or tendon attachment

Sinus

An opening or hollow space in a bone

Trabeculae

Are filled with red bone marrow

Osteoclasts

Are large cells that digest or absorb bony tissue

Red bone marrow

Blood cell production occurs

Sternum

Breastbone. Flat bone

Clavicle

Collarbone

Neck

Constricted or narrow section that connects with the head

Ossification

Conversion of the fibrous connective tissue and cartilage into the bone or bony substance

Compact bone

Dense bone tissue that is the hard outer shell

Spongy bone

In the bone not as dense as a compact bone

Greenstick fracture

Incomplete fracture it is a break that does not extend through the entire thickness of the bone

Sesamoid bones

Irregular bones embedded in the tendons near a joint as in the knee cap

Hematopoiesis

Is where the blood information occurs

Epiphysis

Located at each end of a long bone

Colles fracture

Occurs at the lower end of the radius

Impacted fracture

Occurs when a direct force causes the bone to break

Spinous process

Projecting from the midline of the back of the vertebral arch

Vertebrae

Spine

Yellow marrow

Stores fat and is not an active site for blood cell production in the adult

Tarsals

The bone of ankle

Phalanges

The bones of your fingers and toes. each finger has three phalangeal bones

Carpals

The bones of your wrist are known as carpals

Coccyx

The fifth segment of vertebral column known as tailbone

Cervical vertebrae

The first segment of the vertebral Column is a cervical vertebrae which consists of first seven bones C 1 to C 7

Thoracic vertebrae

The second segment which consists of T 1 throught T 12

True ribs

The seven pairs of ribs which connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front

Lumbar vertebrae

The third segment. They are larger and heavier to support the back. L 1 To L 5.

radius

The thumb side of your arm

Open fracture

There is a break in a bone as well an open wound in the skin

Femur

Thigh bone

Closed fracture

This is a break in a bone but no open one in the skin

Zygomatic

Zygomatic bones one on each side of the face form high part of the cheek and the outer border of the eye orbits

Compression fracture

caused by bone surfaces being forced against each other

False ribs

ribs 8 through 10. They connect in the back to the vertebrae but not with the sternum in the front

Tibia

Inner bone of the leg

Trochanter

Large bony process located below the neck of the femur; for muscle attachment

Mandible

Lower jaw bone

Floating ribs

Number 11 and 12. Attached from the back but free in the front

Fibula

Outer bone of the leg

Diaphysis

The main shaftlike portion of a long bone

Ulna

The pinky side of your arm

Periosteum

The thick white fibrous membrane that covers the surface of the bone except at joint surfaces

Humerus

Upper arm

Maxillae

Upper jaw bones

Transverse process

Which extends laterally from the vertebral arch and a space between the transverse process spinous process are known as the lamina

Sutures

Immovable joints such as those of the cranium