CHAPTER 6: Patient Care and Education (Review) cwilliamstulsa (found in MOSBY's class)

If medication needs to be ordered for a patient in the radiology department, a physician always: 1. Chooses the drug and the dosage 2. Selects the route of administration 3. Administers the drug a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

A

Which of the following statements are true concerning positive contrast media? 1. Air is the most commonly used 2. Aqueous iodine compounds may be used if perforations are suspected 3. Barium should be mixed with cold water for retrograde administration 4. Nonionic contrast media are ideal for injection because they do not contain iodine, reducing the risk of reactions 5. Barium is an inert substance 6. Aqueous iodine compounds may cause serious dehydration 7. Barium is a surgical contaminant a. 2, 5, 6, 7 b. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 c. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 d. 1,2,4,5, 6,7

A. Choice 1 is incorrect because air is a negative contrast agent. Choice 3 is incorrect because barium should be mixed with warm water. Choice 4 is incorrect because nonionic contrast media do contain iodine

Which of the following statements are true concerning valid (informed) consent? 1. Patient must be of legal age 2. Patient must be given a brochure describing the risks of the procedure in lay terms 3. Consent must be offered voluntarily 4. Patient must be mentally competent 5. Patient must completely understand all aspects of the procedure a. 1, 3, 4 b. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 c. 1, 2, 3, 4 d. 1, 2, 3, 5

A. Choice 2 is incorrect because a brochure does not have to be given to the patient. Choice 5 is incorrect because patients are unlikely to completely understand all aspects of a procedure

Unintentional misconduct is also called: a. Negligence b. An accident c. Libel d. Slander

A. Although unintentional, it still carries with it penalties. Something that should have been done was not done.

What condition may occur after injection of an iodinated contrast agent? a. Anaphylaxis b. Cardiogenic shock c. Hypovolemic shock d. Septic shock

A. Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction to foreign proteins. Cardiogenic shock results from cardiac failure, hypovolemic shock occurs following loss of a large amount of blood or plasma, septic shock occurs when toxins produced during infection cause a dramatic drop in blood pressure

What follows an allergic reaction to foreign proteins? a. Anaphylaxis b. Cardiogenic shock c. Hypovolemic shock d. Septic shock

A. Cardiogenic shock results from cardiac failure, hypovolemic shock occurs following loss of a large amount of blood or plasma, septic shock occurs when toxins produced during infection cause a dramatic drop in blood pressure.

The patient may be left alone following injection of a contrast agent: a. Never b. After several minutes have passed and there is no sign of a reaction c. Immediately since contrast agent reactions are rare d. If they are of legal age

A. Contrast agent reactions can begin with very benign symptoms. Never leave the patient alone

A reaction at the site of injection of iodinated contrast media may be caused by: a. Extravasation of contrast agent b. Allergy to seafood c. Anaphylaxis d. Allergy to certain medications

A. Extravasation involves escape of the contrast agent into the tissues surrounding the injection site

Any area that is touched by body fluids: a. Must be washed completely b. Must be covered and isolated for the remainder of the day c. Must be evaluated by infection control d. Must be reported to risk management

A. Health care workers must always assume that pathogens are present. Washing per protocol is mandatory

Assault means: a. Threatening the patient or causing the patient to be apprehensive b. Striking the patient c. Touching the patient without consent d. Performing radiography against the patient's will

A. Keep in mind that assault does not have to involve touching the patient

What is the site of most nosocomial infections? a. Urinary catheter b. Chest tube c. NG tube d. Venous catheter

A. Nosocomial infections are those acquired in the health care setting. Most of these infections are the result of use of the urinary catheter

Air must not be injected when performing venipuncture because: a. An air embolus would form that may be fatal to the patient b. Most examinations requiring injection are not air contrast studies c. It would interfere with the iodine d. It would prevent visualization of the iodine

A. Special care must be taken when venipuncture is performed. Review all of the steps in venipuncture

The placement of barriers between the health care worker and the patient assumes that: a. There is always a contagion present b. No one wants to be touched c. Every patient should be in isolation d. Every health care worker is carrying something contagious

A. Standard Precautions are used because we can never know for sure what each patient may carry

Which of the following contains all the instruments and medications necessary for dealing with cardiac arrest? a. Crash cart b. Tackle box c. IVP cabinet d. Code blue cabinet

A. The radiographer must always be familiar with the contents of the crash cart and what each item does

Needles should be recapped after use: a. Never b. Always c. In a nonsterile field d. Only during procedures involving a sterile field

A. This greatly increases the chance for a needlestick injury and the transmission of pathogens

The process of eliminating all organisms from the environment by gas sterilization, use of germicides, or use of dry heat is called: a. Surgical asepsis b. Sterilization c. Medical asepsis d. Autoclaving

A. This is much more complete than medical asepsis.

Because barium enemas increase the possibility of contact between body substances and clothing, the radiographer should always wear: a. Disposable gowns or surgical scrubs b. Head covering c. Shoe covering d. A regular hospital uniform

A. This is the ideal apparel for these procedures. Head and shoe coverings do little, and a regular uniform may carry organisms after the exam is over

What is used for total protection of the health care worker from every method of transmission possible in the work setting? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Body substance precautions

A. This is the most restrictive form of isolation

A reaction that causes the patient's skin to turn cyanotic means: a. The skin is turning yellow b. The skin is turning pale c. The skin is turning blue d. The skin is turning red

A. This may indicate that a reaction is starting

Vectors may be: a. Animals such as rabid dogs and bats b. Persons c. Plants

A. Vectors involve animals

Venipuncture: a. May be performed by a radiographer only where allowed by state law b. May be performed by a nurse only c. Must be performed by a radiology supervisor d. May be performed by a radiographer under any circumstances

A. Venipuncture is part of a radiographer's scope of practice. It is tested on the ARRT exam. It may, however, be regulated by state law in some circumstances. Be sure to know what you can and cannot do on the job

Which of the following is always a part of the radiographer's scope of practice? a. Patient education b. Administration of medications c. Serve as a resource person for referring physicians d. Serving on the hospital's radiation safety committee

A. While the other choices may be part of a radiographer's practice in various venues, patient education is always part of practice

A document that provides instructions regarding medical care that a patient may prepare prior to incapacitation is called a(n): a. Pre-planning order b. Advance directive c. Physician notice d. Informed consent

B

Barium sulfate is classified as a(n): a. Dissolvable organic salt b. Inert inorganic salt c. Nonionic contrast agent d. Iodinated contrast agent

B

The study of contrast agents, their administration, and possible reactions fall under the category of: a. Nursing b. Pharmacology c. Emergency care d. Respiratory care

B

Patient transfers from cart to x-ray table and back to cart should be performed: a. By the radiographer alone if the patient is ambulatory b. By two or more radiographers to ensure patient and radiographer safety c. By the radiographer alone if the department is short staffed d. By the radiographer alone so as not to frighten the patient

B. Choice A is incorrect because a patient who is ambulatory would not be on a cart. Choice C is incorrect because patient care must never be compromised because of short staffing. Choice D is incorrect because safety is of paramount importance.

Indirect contact involves: a. Coughs or sneezes b. An inanimate object containing pathogenic organisms c. Plants and animals d. Other humans

B. Choice A would be droplet transmission, Choice C would be vectorborne transmission, and Choice D would be direct contact.

What degree of reaction is cardiac arrest? a. Mild to moderate reaction to contrast agent b. Severe reaction to contrast agent c. Not considered a reaction to contrast agent

B. A code blue should be called; CPR should be initiated

When putting on gloves for a procedure, which of the following should occur first? a. Carefully open glove package, and avoid touching outside of gloves b. Wash hands c. Place glove package in center of sterile field in preparation for the procedure d. Put on one glove immediately so that one hand is protected and the other is free

B. Always wash hands before beginning any procedure

What condition occurs secondary to heart failure or interference with heart function? a. Anaphylaxis b. Cardiogenic shock c. Hypovolemic shock d. Septic shock

B. Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction to foreign proteins, cardiogenic shock results from cardiac failure, hypovolemic shock occurs following loss of a large amount of blood or plasma

Direct contact allows an infectious organism to move: a. From the susceptible host directly to the infected person b. From the infected person directly to the susceptible host c. In either direction

B. Be sure to review the principles of infection control

A smaller, easier-to-handle injection set that includes plastic projections on both sides of the needle and may be used for venipuncture is called a: a. Venous catheter b. Butterfly c. Hypodermic needle d. Single-injection needle

B. Butterfly sets are used in some circumstances

Airborne transmission of infection may occur as a result of contact with: a. Bird droppings, acid rain, or air pollution b. Droplets and dust c. Animals d. Other humans

B. Choice C would be vectorborne and choice D would be direct contact.

Which of the following is used to protect the health care worker from airborne droplets? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Body substance precautions

B. Coughs and sneezes could transmit disease

What route of transmission involves touching a susceptible person with a contaminated object (e.g., a radiographic cassette)? a. Droplet transmission b. Indirect contact c. Direct contact d. Airborne transmission

B. Droplet transmission involves coughs and sneezes, direct contact involves a person, and airborne transmission involves droplets and dust. Radiographers must be constantly aware of the methods of transmission

Which of the following does not require the use of gloves? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Body substance precautions

B. Gloves need not be worn with respiratory isolation. All of the other choices involve body fluids

Hands should be washed: a. At least five times during each shift to help stop the spread of infections b. After contact with each patient and before touching equipment and other patients c. Every hour regardless of patient contact d. Both with and without gloves

B. Handwashing is the best protection against transmission of pathogens

Endoscopic procedures should be scheduled: a. After ingestion of barium for increased contrast b. First in a series of procedures c. After a series of procedures so as to verify the diagnosis d. Only by the endoscopy department

B. It is important that either the stomach or the colon be empty, with nothing interfering from a previous procedure

After injection of iodinated contrast media, the radiographer should: a. Leave the patient to rest b. Remain with the patient and have a conversation with the patient, listening for signs of laryngeal swelling c. Tell the patient a funny story as a means of allaying anxiety about the procedure d. Alert a radiologist

B. It is important to remain with the patient and observe for symptoms of a possible reaction

What should the radiographer do first when it is suspected a patient is going into shock? a. Call for assistance b. Place patient in Trendelenburg position c. Take patient's blood pressure to confirm shock status d. Administer oxygen

B. Keep blood flowing to the brain by placing the patient in the Trendelenburg position, head lower than the hips

At the first indication of a contrast agent reaction, the radiographer should: a. Immediately shout for help b. Stop the examination and obtain help so as not to alarm the patient c. Call a code blue

B. Maintain composure, yet react quickly.

Which of the following is not an example of invasion of privacy? a. Violation of confidentiality, such as discussing the patient's case in public b. Unjustified restraint of patient c. Improperly exposing the patient's body d. Improperly touching the patient's body

B. Notice that the question asks which item is false concerning invasion of privacy. Choice B could be considered false imprisonment

Patients who have been NPO should be scheduled: a. Last b. First c. Just before lunch d. In any way that helps the work flow

B. Patients who have been held without food should be imaged first.

A system that emphasizes the placement of barriers between the health care worker and the patient is called: a. Universal precautions b. Standard precautions c. Universal safety d. Infection barriers

B. Standard Precautions were formerly called Universal Precautions

Which of the following serves as a guide to professional conduct? a. ARRT Mission Statement b. ARRT Code of Ethics c. ARRT Exam Content Specifications d. ARRT Rules of Ethics

B. The Code of Ethics is aspirational, goals for radiographers' practice

The concept of the reasonably prudent person is interpreted as: a. How a reasonable jury member would perform the act b. How a professional with similar education, training, and experience would perform the act c. How a prudent attorney would interpret the act d. How a reasonable and prudent judge would rule on the act

B. The defendant is compared with individuals having similar experience.

What degree of reaction is vomiting? a. Mild to moderate reaction to contrast agent b. Severe reaction to contrast agent c. Not considered a reaction to contrast agent

B. The radiographer must respond quickly and be aware that more reaction may be imminent

What degree of reaction is dyspnea? a. Mild to moderate reaction to contrast agent b. Severe reaction to contrast agent c. Not considered a reaction to contrast agent

B. The radiographer should be calling for assistance

When are gowns and gloves not required? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Reverse isolation

B. The risk here is with coughs and sneezes

Common vehicle transmission involves: a. The spread of infection in crowded forms of public transportation such as jet aircraft, subways, and trains b. Food, water, medications, equipment c. Animals d. Plants

B. This differs from vectorborne transmission and does not involve motor vehicles

In patient care, the radiographer must be constantly aware of the myriad of variations among people of all backgrounds and experiences. This involves the study and understanding of: a. Nonverbal communication b. Diversity c. Verbal communication only d. Patient preferences

B. Understanding of diversity is a prime part of every radiographer's practice

A patient who has sustained a head injury in a motor vehicle accident arrived in the radiology department alert and well oriented. While radiographing the patient, the radiographer observed that the patient was becoming drowsy, irritable, and less coherent. Which of the following would be the correct action for the radiographer to take? a. Continue the radiographic examination b. Ignore the changes in the patient's condition, and place the patient back on the stretcher after cornpleting the examination c. Notify the department supervisor or the attending physician of the change in the patient's condition d. Sound an emergency code alert

C

The formal term for 'no code' is: a. Advance directive b. Right to die c. Do not resuscitate order (DNR) d. Euthanasia

C

Which of the following may be ingested by a patient who has been placed on a clear liquid diet? 1. Bouillon 2. Gelatin 3. Tea a. 1 and 2 only b. 1 and 3 only c. 2 and 3 only d. 1, 2, and 3

C

Which of the following statements apply when radiography is performed on trauma patients? 1. Work quickly and efficiently 2. Patient may be left alone if unconscious 3. Spinal injury may be ruled out if patient is not on a spine board or wearing a cervical collar 4. Observe for changes in wound dressing while performing radiography 5. Document in writing changes in patient condition a. 1, 3, 4 b. 1, 2, 3 c. 1, 4, 5 d. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

C. Choice 2 is incorrect because the patient should never be left alone under any circumstances. Choice 3 is incorrect because of potentially devastating consequences; a spinal injury should always be assumed

What condition is caused by loss of a large amount of blood or plasma? a. Anaphylaxis b. Cardiogenic shock c. Hypovolemic shock d. Septic shock

C. Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction to foreign proteins, cardiogenic shock results from cardiac failure, septic shock occurs when toxins produced during infection cause a dramatic drop in blood pressure

When oxygen is administered, the usual rate is: a. 3 to 5 lb/minute b. 3 to 5 L/hour c. 3 to 5 L/minute d. 5 to 7 L/minute

C. Be certain to flow the oxygen at the proper rate, which is per minute.

Gross negligence is: a. A case that includes the injured person as a contributing party to the injury b. Loss of life or limb c. An act that shows reckless disregard for life or limb d. Found in criminal cases only

C. Choice B actually involves loss of life or limb; gross negligence does not have to involve an actual loss.

Older patients should be scheduled: a. Late in the day to give them time to build their strength b. For one examination at a time c. As early in the day as possible d. Only when no one else is in the department

C. Elderly patients tend to be stronger earlier in the day.

Which of the following is used if there is any chance of coming in contact primarily with products of the GI system of an infected person? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Body substance precautions

C. Enteric refers to the gastrointestinal system

Written instructions for handling of biohazardous materials, safe use of the product, and clean-up and disposal directions are called: a. Package inserts b. HIPAA c. MSDS d. Biohazardous warning systems

C. Material Safety Data Sheets.

The process of eliminating as many organisms as possible by the use of water and chemical disinfectants is called: a. Surgical asepsis b. Sterilization c. Medical asepsis d. Boiling

C. Surgical asepsis is the complete removal of organisms

A mechanical method used to clear the patient's air way is called: a. The Heimlich maneuver b. CPR c. Suctioning d. NG tube insertion

C. The Heimlich maneuver is performed by a person, CPR is for cardiac/respiratory arrest, and a nasogastric (NG) tube is for introducing substances directly into the stomach

Patients with diabetes should be scheduled: a. Late in the day to give them time to build their strength b. Only after they have had their insulin c. As early in the day as possible d. Immediately after a full breakfast

C. The need for insulin means diabetic patients should be imaged early

What is another name for a mechanical respirator? a. Urinary catheter b. Chest tube c. Ventilator d. Venous catheter

C. The radiographer must be careful working around the ventilator so as to not affect its operation

When are masks not required, but needle-stick injuries must be avoided? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Body substance precautions

C. The risk here is from fluids in the GI system and any needles that have entered the GI system

A sphygmomanometer is used to: a. Hear the heartbeat b. Hear the blood pressure c. Measure blood pressure d. Measure body temperature

C. This is the real name for a "blood pressure cuff."

A radiographer should wear eye protection: a. Anytime blood may be present b. Anytime an injection is being made c. Anytime there is a possibility of blood splashing d. With nearly all patients

C. This precaution is very important to observe

Place the following steps for performing venipuncture in the proper order. 1. Secure tourniquet in place 2. Thoroughly cleanse the skin 3. Wash hands 4. Select vein 5. Put on gloves 6. Perform puncture 7. Cover wound and compress site 8. Inject contrast agent 9. Check wound for swelling 10. Observe blood return a. 5, 4, 1, 6, 8, 7 b. 3, 1, 4, 5, 2, 6, 10, 8, 7, 9 c. 3, 5, 1, 4, 2, 6, 10, 8, 7, 9 d. 4, 1, 3, 5, 2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 7

C. You already know that any list of steps for a procedure will begin with washing hands. That immediately rules out choices A and D. As soon as hands are washed, the next step must be gloving. That points directly to choice C, which is the only possible answer to this question. Always evaluate the question and read all of the possible answers. Many times you will recognize a shortcut such as this

If the radiographer touches hazardous chemicals, what must be done first? a. Rinse immediately with warm water b. Rinse immediately with cool water for at least 5 minutes c. Rinse immediately with cool water for at least 15 minutes d. Rinse with the warmest water that can be tolerated

D

MSDS provide directions for: a. Housekeeping only b. Engineering only c. Radiology only d. All persons exposed to hazardous materials

D

The normal adult body temperature taken orally is: a. 98.6° C b. 98° to 99° C c. 99.6° F d. 98° to 99° F

D. Choice A is incorrect because it indicates degrees centigrade. Choice B is incorrect because it indicates a range of normal temperature in degrees centigrade

The most frequently performed examination using a contrast medium is a(n): a. Small bowel study b. IVP c. Barium enema d. Chest x-ray study

D. Air is a negative contrast agent. Hence chest x-ray exams are contrast studies

Which of the following may be considered an example of battery? a. Touching the patient without consent b. Threatening the patient c. Radiographing the wrong patient d. All of the above

D. All are considered a form of striking the patient.

A contrast medium overdose: a. Cannot occur because a contrast medium is not a drug b. May occur in infants c. May occur if contrast material was injected during the week before the examination d. May occur in infants or adults with renal, cardiac, or hepatic failure

D. All relevant history and blood values must be present on the chart and consulted before the exam is begun

What causes blood to pool in peripheral vessels? a. Anaphylaxis b. Cardiogenic shock c. Hypovolemic shock d. Neurogenic shock

D. Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction to foreign proteins, cardiogenic shock results from cardiac failure, hypovolemic shock occurs following loss of a large amount of blood or plasma

What is caused by infection that results in extremely low blood pressure? a. Anaphylaxis b. Cardiogenic shock c. Hypovolemic shock d. Septic shock

D. Anaphylaxis is an allergic reaction to foreign proteins, cardiogenic shock results from cardiac failure, hypovolemic shock occurs following loss of a large amount of blood or plasma.

A venous catheter: a. Consists of a long plastic tube that is inserted into the artery during angiography b. Is more flexible and easier to use than a needle or butterfly c. Is a combination unit with a needle inside a flexible plastic catheter; both the needle and the catheter are inserted into the vein, after which the needle is withdrawn d. b and c

D. Be familiar with all the items used for venipuncture

Which of the following conditions must be met to prove malpractice? a. The injury actually occurred and is a result of negligence b. The standard of care was violated c. The injury was caused by the person being sued d. All of the above

D. Be familiar with these facts concerning malpractice

Which of the following is used to administer nutrition or long-term chemotherapy? a. Urinary catheter b. Chest tube c. Ventilator d. Venous catheter

D. Be sure to be familiar with these various devices that may be present in a patient.

Which of the following is used to feed a patient or conduct gastric suction? a. Urinary catheter b. Chest tube c. Ventilator d. NG tube

D. Be sure to be familiar with these various devices that may be present in a patient.

Routes of entry of toxic chemicals may include: a. Swallowing b. Inhalation c. Absorption through skin or mucous membranes d. All of the above

D. Be sure to know all of these

What describes torts? a. Violations of civil law b. Considered part of personal injury law c. Provide for compensation for injury d. All of the above

D. Be sure to know these basic legal concepts

The most effective method used to prevent the spread of infection is: a. Wearing of gloves b. Wearing of gowns c. Distance d. Handwashing

D. Handwashing is always the first defense. However, it does not replace any other methods

Which of the following rules must always be followed regardless of the route of transmission of infection? a. Gloves must be worn b. Gowns must be worn c. Patient must not have any direct contact with the health care worker d. Hand-washing must be performed

D. Note the constant emphasis on handwashing. None of the other choices must be followed in every circumstance

Which of the following transmission-based precautions also require the use of standard precautions? a. Airborne precautions b. Droplet precautions c. Contact precautions d. All of the above

D. Standard Precautions must be practiced at all times

Which of the following contains points that are enforceable? a. ARRT Mission Statement b. ARRT Code of Ethics c. ARRT Exam Content Specifications d. ARRT Rules of Ethics

D. The Rules are enforceable by the ARRT. Be certain to understand these for the ARRT exam

Respondeat superior means: a. "The thing speaks for itself" b. A radiographer has no need to carry malpractice insurance c. The reasonable and prudent person should make the decision d. "Let the master answer"

D. The employer is always responsible for the actions of the employees.

A blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg reveals that: a. The pressure is 120 mm Hg when the heart is at rest b. The diastolic pressure is 120 mm Hg c. The systolic pressure is 80 mm Hg d. The pressure is 80 mm Hg when the heart is at rest

D. The numerator indicates the blood pressure when the heart is pumping, the systolic pressure. The denominator indicates the blood pressure when the heart is at rest, the diastolic pressure. The symbol "Hg" stands for mercury.

Which of the following is a symptom of shock? a. Accelerated pulse b. Cool, clammy, pale skin c. Systolic pressure less than 30 mm Hg d. All of the above

D. The radiographer must be able to recognize all of these. These types of questions may be on the certification exam because patient care in imaging is the responsibility of the radiographer

Which of the following is a symptom (are symptoms) of a contrast agent reaction? a. Hoarseness b. Sneezing c. Urticaria d. All are symptoms

D. The radiographer must be aware of all possible symptoms and know what to do immediately

Assessment of changing patient conditions includes observing for: a. Skin that becomes cool and diaphoretic b. Patient expressions of discomfort or dizziness c. Lips or nail beds that become cyanotic d. All of the above indicate changing patient conditions

D. The radiographer should be constantly observing the patient for any such signs

A patient history should be taken by the radiographer: a. To assist the radiologist with interpretation of the radiographs b. To verify patient name and condition c. To assist the radiographer in understanding the patient's injury and range of motion d. All of the above

D. There are several very important reasons for obtaining an accurate patient history

A radiographer who is assisting with a sterile procedure but is not gloved and gowned: a. Should never step between the physician and the sterile field b. Should carefully place all utensils needed in the center of the sterile field by dropping them from above out of their packages c. Should not come in contact with the sterile field under any circumstances d. All of the above

D. These are all key points to remember

Which of the following is used with patients who are not infectious? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Body substance precautions

D. This assumes the patient may have something that the health care worker does not want transmitted

Hypodermic needles are described by their gauge, which is a: a. List of the uses of the needle b. Measure of the length of the needle c. Measure of the diameter of the needle d. Measure of the diameter of the needle opening the larger the gauge, the smaller the diameter

D. This is sometimes confusing, so be sure to review and be familiar with it

Which of the following is a legitimate contraindication to the use of iodinated contrast media? a. Allergy to seafood b. Known sensitivity to proteins c. Previous sensitivity to contrast agents d. Allergy to any medications

D. This is the first and most important issue that must be taken into consideration. Be sure to read the package inserts that come with contrast agents and review the contraindications and side effects

A case involving obvious negligence would be defined by the doctrine of: a. Respondeat superior b. Slander c. Libel d. Res ipsa loquitur

D. This means "the thing speaks for itself." It is something that could not have occurred by natural means

Which of the following requires that all equipment and personnel be carefully covered? a. Strict isolation b. Respiratory isolation c. Enteric isolation d. Reverse isolation

D. This prevents the patient from contracting something from the health care worker or the equipment

After a radiographer is gowned and gloved for a procedure, hands may not be placed: a. Anywhere on the body because the gown and gloves are sterile b. Anywhere on the front or sides of the gown c. Anywhere on the table containing the sterile field d. Under the arms or on the sides or back of the gown

D. Underarms (because of perspiration), sides, and back are considered nonsterile