Chapter 7

The immovable joints of the skull are called

sutures

How many bones are in the face?

14

How many bones are in the human body?

206

If you weigh 120 lbs your skeletal muscle weighs about this many pounds:

50

The total number of phalanges in the body is

56

Moving part of the body away from the mid line of the body is

Abduction

The joints in which cartilage connects the articulating bones

Amphiarthroses

cartilage cells are called

chondrocytes

This hormone released by the thyroid gland increases mineralization of the bone and in turn reduces blood calcium levels

Calcitonin (CT)

Moving the arm in a circle is

circumduction

The connecting bridges between myofilaments form properly only if this is present

Calcium

Intercalated discs are found in this kind of muscle

Cardiac muscle

Going from superior to inferior, the regions of the spine are

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx (Chrissy Tries Lunar Spells Consistently)

True of False: The maxilla is the bone of the lower jaw

False

True or False: Tonic contractions provide rapid movement for skeletal muscles

False

True or False: Twitch contractions play an important role in normal muscle activity

False

True or False: the knee is an amphiarthrotic joint?

False

Bending a joint making the angle between the two bones smaller is called

Flexion

This word meaning "blood" and "a making" is used to describe the process of blood cell formation

Hematopoiesis

What is hypertrophy in relation to the muscles?

Increase in muscle size

Turns the ankle so the bottom of the foot faces the mid line of the body

Inversion

The bones of the spine are an example of this type of bone

Irregular

The middle layer of a flat bone is called

diploe

The term that refers to ankle and foot movement

dorsiflexion

Tension during muscle lengthening is often called

eccentric contractions

As long as this is present in a bone, bone growth can continue

epiphyseal plate

Name the 4 kinds of bones

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones

What part of the body does the sarforius move?

Lower extremities

As muscles contact they pull on bones allowing this to be possible

Movement

The wrist bone is an example of what kind of bone?

Short bone

When muscle fiber is subjected to a stimulus it contracts completely this is called

The all or none law

What must occur to produce smooth movement at a joint?

The prime mover and synergists must contract

What part of the body does the rectus abdominis move?

The trunk of the body

True or False: A joint with no movement is called a synarthrotic joint?

True

True or False: Bones of the middle ear are part of the axial skeleton

True

True or False: Canaliculi are small canals that help supply bone cells with food and oxygen

True

True or False: The cup of the femur fits into a deep cup shaped socket in the vocal bone called acetabulum

True

True or False: To move a part of the body towards the midline of the body is called adduction?

True

What part of the body does the external oblique move ?

Trunk of the body

This quick jerky response to a stimulus seen in isolated muscles but is not important in normal muscle activity

Twitch contraction

Endurance training is also known as

aerobic training

The tarsals are the bones of the

ankle

The bone cells in the Haversian system are found in little spaces called

lacunae

The upper jaw bone is called

maxilla

The hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone that contains yellow bone marrow is called the

medullary cavity

Muscle cells are stimulated by a nerve fiber called a

motor neuron

moving a part toward the midline

o Adduction

The bone at the back of the skull

occipital bone

The bone at the back of the skull is called the

occipital bone

The minimum level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called a

threshold stimulus

The two bones of the lower leg are:

tibia and fibula

The two bones of the lower arm are

ulna and radius

What part of the body does the deltoid move?

upper extremities

Another name for smooth muscle is

visceral muscle

Moving part of the body towards the midline of the body

adduction

According to the sliding filament model, what must happen for a sarcomere to contract?

Bridges must form between actin and myosin, calcium is released, and ATP must be broken down for energy.

A person who works daily with a heavy load on his right arm would expect to have:

Denser bones in the right arm and shoulder

If an injury caused damage to the insertion of the biceps brachii muscle ( the anterior muscle of the upper arm ) the injury would be nearest the

Elbow

The thin fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity is called the

Endosteum

In the adult skeleton red bone marrow is

Epiphysis

Turns the ankle so the bottom of the foot faces towards the lateral side of the body

Eversion

Makes the angle between the two bones at a joint larger

Extension

Which ROM increases the angle of a joint?

Extension

The muscles attachment to a more stationary bone is called it's

Origin

This hormone released from the parathyroid glands counter balances the effects of calcitonin by decreasing the amount of calcium in the bone and in turn increases the blood calcium levels

Parathyroid (PTH)

The lambdoidal structure is formed by the joining of the

Parietal bones and occipital bones

Moving from superficial to deep in a bone the parts of the bone would be encountered in what sequence?

Periosteum, endosteum, medullary, cavity Paul Eventually Moved Chrissy

Oxygen debt, inadequate periods of rest and build of of lactic acid cause this

Physiological muscle fatigue

The movement that is opposite of dorsiflexon is

Plantar Flexion

What is the olecranon fossa?

Posterior surface of the humerus

This body position results in the hand positioned with the palm turned towards the posterior position

Pronation

Name the primary functions of the skeletal system

Protection of soft tissue, hematopoiesis, storage and maintenance of blood calcium levels, and movement

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris: which one is NOT a hamstring muscle?

Rectus Femoris

What happens when calcium is released into a sarcomere?

Removes blocking protein from the actin

Which of the following is not a type of bone: round, short, long, flat?

Round

The hand position when the body is in anatomical position

Supination

This body position results in the hands position with the palm turned towards the anterior position

Supination

These are muscles that help other muscles produce movement

Synergists

A bursae is a sac-like structure that's filled with this

Synovial fluid

Bone that forms the lower, back part of the nasal septum is called this

Vomer bone

Moving part of the body away from the midline of the body is called

abduction

Nutrients pass from the blood vessels to the bone cells by way of the

canaliculi

bone reabsorbing cells are called

osteoclasts

Living bone cells are called

osteocytes

Another name for Haversian system is

osteon

The strong fibrous membrane covering the shaft of the long bone is called the:

periosteum

The bottom of the foot is directed downward so you are standing on your toes

plantar flexion