Chapter 7
The immovable joints of the skull are called
sutures
How many bones are in the face?
14
How many bones are in the human body?
206
If you weigh 120 lbs your skeletal muscle weighs about this many pounds:
50
The total number of phalanges in the body is
56
Moving part of the body away from the mid line of the body is
Abduction
The joints in which cartilage connects the articulating bones
Amphiarthroses
cartilage cells are called
chondrocytes
This hormone released by the thyroid gland increases mineralization of the bone and in turn reduces blood calcium levels
Calcitonin (CT)
Moving the arm in a circle is
circumduction
The connecting bridges between myofilaments form properly only if this is present
Calcium
Intercalated discs are found in this kind of muscle
Cardiac muscle
Going from superior to inferior, the regions of the spine are
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx (Chrissy Tries Lunar Spells Consistently)
True of False: The maxilla is the bone of the lower jaw
False
True or False: Tonic contractions provide rapid movement for skeletal muscles
False
True or False: Twitch contractions play an important role in normal muscle activity
False
True or False: the knee is an amphiarthrotic joint?
False
Bending a joint making the angle between the two bones smaller is called
Flexion
This word meaning "blood" and "a making" is used to describe the process of blood cell formation
Hematopoiesis
What is hypertrophy in relation to the muscles?
Increase in muscle size
Turns the ankle so the bottom of the foot faces the mid line of the body
Inversion
The bones of the spine are an example of this type of bone
Irregular
The middle layer of a flat bone is called
diploe
The term that refers to ankle and foot movement
dorsiflexion
Tension during muscle lengthening is often called
eccentric contractions
As long as this is present in a bone, bone growth can continue
epiphyseal plate
Name the 4 kinds of bones
Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones
What part of the body does the sarforius move?
Lower extremities
As muscles contact they pull on bones allowing this to be possible
Movement
The wrist bone is an example of what kind of bone?
Short bone
When muscle fiber is subjected to a stimulus it contracts completely this is called
The all or none law
What must occur to produce smooth movement at a joint?
The prime mover and synergists must contract
What part of the body does the rectus abdominis move?
The trunk of the body
True or False: A joint with no movement is called a synarthrotic joint?
True
True or False: Bones of the middle ear are part of the axial skeleton
True
True or False: Canaliculi are small canals that help supply bone cells with food and oxygen
True
True or False: The cup of the femur fits into a deep cup shaped socket in the vocal bone called acetabulum
True
True or False: To move a part of the body towards the midline of the body is called adduction?
True
What part of the body does the external oblique move ?
Trunk of the body
This quick jerky response to a stimulus seen in isolated muscles but is not important in normal muscle activity
Twitch contraction
Endurance training is also known as
aerobic training
The tarsals are the bones of the
ankle
The bone cells in the Haversian system are found in little spaces called
lacunae
The upper jaw bone is called
maxilla
The hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone that contains yellow bone marrow is called the
medullary cavity
Muscle cells are stimulated by a nerve fiber called a
motor neuron
moving a part toward the midline
o Adduction
The bone at the back of the skull
occipital bone
The bone at the back of the skull is called the
occipital bone
The minimum level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called a
threshold stimulus
The two bones of the lower leg are:
tibia and fibula
The two bones of the lower arm are
ulna and radius
What part of the body does the deltoid move?
upper extremities
Another name for smooth muscle is
visceral muscle
Moving part of the body towards the midline of the body
adduction
According to the sliding filament model, what must happen for a sarcomere to contract?
Bridges must form between actin and myosin, calcium is released, and ATP must be broken down for energy.
A person who works daily with a heavy load on his right arm would expect to have:
Denser bones in the right arm and shoulder
If an injury caused damage to the insertion of the biceps brachii muscle ( the anterior muscle of the upper arm ) the injury would be nearest the
Elbow
The thin fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity is called the
Endosteum
In the adult skeleton red bone marrow is
Epiphysis
Turns the ankle so the bottom of the foot faces towards the lateral side of the body
Eversion
Makes the angle between the two bones at a joint larger
Extension
Which ROM increases the angle of a joint?
Extension
The muscles attachment to a more stationary bone is called it's
Origin
This hormone released from the parathyroid glands counter balances the effects of calcitonin by decreasing the amount of calcium in the bone and in turn increases the blood calcium levels
Parathyroid (PTH)
The lambdoidal structure is formed by the joining of the
Parietal bones and occipital bones
Moving from superficial to deep in a bone the parts of the bone would be encountered in what sequence?
Periosteum, endosteum, medullary, cavity Paul Eventually Moved Chrissy
Oxygen debt, inadequate periods of rest and build of of lactic acid cause this
Physiological muscle fatigue
The movement that is opposite of dorsiflexon is
Plantar Flexion
What is the olecranon fossa?
Posterior surface of the humerus
This body position results in the hand positioned with the palm turned towards the posterior position
Pronation
Name the primary functions of the skeletal system
Protection of soft tissue, hematopoiesis, storage and maintenance of blood calcium levels, and movement
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris: which one is NOT a hamstring muscle?
Rectus Femoris
What happens when calcium is released into a sarcomere?
Removes blocking protein from the actin
Which of the following is not a type of bone: round, short, long, flat?
Round
The hand position when the body is in anatomical position
Supination
This body position results in the hands position with the palm turned towards the anterior position
Supination
These are muscles that help other muscles produce movement
Synergists
A bursae is a sac-like structure that's filled with this
Synovial fluid
Bone that forms the lower, back part of the nasal septum is called this
Vomer bone
Moving part of the body away from the midline of the body is called
abduction
Nutrients pass from the blood vessels to the bone cells by way of the
canaliculi
bone reabsorbing cells are called
osteoclasts
Living bone cells are called
osteocytes
Another name for Haversian system is
osteon
The strong fibrous membrane covering the shaft of the long bone is called the:
periosteum
The bottom of the foot is directed downward so you are standing on your toes
plantar flexion