Chapter 7
Which of the following involves a concern that one will never know how much the ultimate winner might have paid, or the true value to the final winner? A) herd behavior B) winner's regret C) seller's lament D) loser's lament
C
Which of the following is not one of the methods used by traditional retailers to develop omni-channel integration? A) online catalog B) online order, in-store pickup C) online supply-push D) online promotions for offline purchases
C
Which of the following statements about Facebook Exchange is not true? A) It competes with DoubleClick. B) It allows advertisers to target ads. C) It is a social search engine. D) It involves cookies.
C
Which of the following is not be considered a current asset? A) long-term investments B) cash C) accounts receivable D) marketable securities
A
Which of the following statements is not true about the automobile, and automobile parts and accessories, online retail category? A) Most of the revenue in this category is generated from the sales of automobiles. B) Automobile manufacturers use the Internet to deliver branding advertising. C) U.S. franchising law prohibits automobile manufacturers from selling cars directly to consumers. D) Automobile retailing is dominated by dealership networks.
A
A ________ permits the consumer to monitor specific auctions of interest, requiring the consumer to pay close attention only in the last few minutes of bidding. A) bidding fee auction B) channel manager C) watch list D) rating system
C
A(n) ________, in which the highest bidder wins, is the most common form of auction. A) Dutch Internet auction B) Japanese auction C) English auction D) reverse auction
C
Which of the following is not an example of a transaction broker? A) a stockbroker B) a real estate agent C) an accountant D) an employment agency
C
All of the following are factors that will be considered in determining whether use of copyrighted material is "fair use" except the: A) nature of the work used. B) amount of the work used. C) market effect of the use. D) free availability of the work on the Web.
D
Which of the following e-commerce technology dimensions has the potential to reduce cultural diversity in products? A) ubiquity B) interactivity C) information density D) global reach
D
________ refers to the feeling that one has paid too high a price for an item won at auction. A) Seller's lament B) Winner's lament C) Loser's regret D) Winner's regret
D
A website designed to give horse enthusiasts a common discussion area is classified as a(n): A) interest-based social network. B) affinity community. C) practice network. D) sponsored community.
A
Which of the following cases involved the issue of keywording? A) Ticketmaster Corp. v. Tickets.com B) Bernina of America, Inc. v. Fashion Fabrics Int'l, Inc. C) Government Employees Insurance Company v. Google, Inc. D) E. & J. Gallo Winery v. Spider Webs Ltd.
C
Which of the following is not an advantage that pure digital news sites have over print newspapers? A) They have a lower cost structure. B) They can create new work flows and business processes that are more timely and efficient. C) They offer higher quality journalism. D) They can take advantage of newer technologies for producing the news.
C
Which of the following primarily deal with direct goods? A) e-distributors and independent exchanges B) exchanges and e-procurement Net marketplaces C) exchanges and industry consortia D) e-procurement Net marketplaces and industry consortia
C
An ________ provides an online catalog that represents the products of thousands of direct manufacturers. A) e-distributor B) e-procurement company C) exchange D) industry consortium
A
The liquidity of a market is measured by all of the following except: A) price transparency. B) number of buyers and sellers in market. C) volume of transactions. D) size of transactions.
A
Which of the following refers to the number of interactions among members of a group and reflects the "connectedness" of the group, even if these connections are forced on users? A) engagement B) information density C) social density D) amplification
C
Which of the following statements is not true about OTT? A) To use OTT services, consumers must purchase a bundle of channels. B) OTT entertainment services are a threat to cable television. C) OTT refers to the fact that the entertainment service rides "on top" of other network services such as cable TV and telephone service. D) OTT entertainment services enable binge watching.
A
The number of people exposed to pins on Pinterest is a measure of which of the following? A) engagement B) community C) brand strength D) fan acquisition
D
The ratio of impressions to fans is a measure of: A) engagement. B) amplification. C) community. D) fan acquisition.
D
Which of the following primarily involve long-term sourcing? A) e-distributors and exchanges B) e-distributors and industry consortia C) e-procurement Net marketplaces and exchanges D) e-procurement Net marketplaces and industry consortia
D
________ is not one of the three business models employed by newspapers between 1995 and 2017. A) The Print-centric model B) The Integrated Print/Web C) The Digital First model D) The Convergence model
D
How much time a month does the average person spend using the Facebook app on mobile devices? A) about 3 hours B) about 10 hours C) about 13 hours D) about 23 hours
C
In which of the following cases did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that basic business methods cannot be patented? A) State Street Bank & Trust v. Signature Financial Group, Inc. B) Bilski et al. v. Kappos C) Alice Corporation Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank International D) BMG Rights Management v. Cox Communications
C
All of the following are examples of direct goods in the auto industry except: A) sheet steel. B) shatter-resistant glass. C) rubber molding. D) desktop computers.
D
A(n) ________ market is one that provides expertise and products for a specific industry (i.e., automobiles). A) vertical B) horizontal C) indirect D) buyer-biased
A
EDI began as a(n) ________ system. A) document automation B) document exchange C) invoice generation D) MRP
A
For a quick check of a firm's short-term financial health, examine its: A) working capital. B) gross margin. C) long-term debt. D) cost of sales.
A
________ purchasing involves the purchase of goods based on immediate needs in larger marketplaces that involve many suppliers. A) Spot B) Indirect C) Vertical D) Bulk
A
Howard Rheingold, one of The Well's early participants, coined the term ________ to refer to "cultural aggregations that emerge when enough people bump into each other often enough in cyberspace." A) social networks B) virtual communities C) community portals D) social forums
B
Office supplies are an example of: A) direct goods. B) indirect goods. C) MRO goods. D) distributed goods.
B
Which ethical principle tells you that it is wise to assume perfect information markets? A) the Golden Rule B) the New York Times test C) the Social Contract Rule D) the Collective Utilitarian principle
B
Which of the following early leaders in social networking has been reinvented as a music-oriented social network? A) Vevo B) Myspace C) Polyvore D) Tumblr
B
Which of the following is another term for amplification? A) impressions B) reach C) conversation rate D) conversion ratio
B
Which of the following is currently a small part of the online marketing universe, but is expected to triple over the next five years? A) local marketing B) location-based mobile marketing C) mobile marketing D) social marketing on Facebook
B
Which of the following requires financial institutions to inform consumers of their privacy policies and permits consumers some control over their records? A) Freedom of Information Act B) Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act C) COPPA D) HIPAA
B
________ occurs when sellers agree informally or formally to set floor prices below which they will not sell on auction items. A) Discriminatory pricing B) Price matching C) Bid rigging D) Distress pricing
B
How long does copyright protection extend for corporate-owned works? A) 25 years B) 50 years C) 75 years D) 95 years
D
All of the following are potential benefits of B2B e-commerce except: A) lower administrative costs. B) lower search costs. C) lower price transparency. D) lower transaction costs.
C
The Spokeo case involved a claim for damages based on which of the following? A) Fair Credit Reporting Act B) Digital Millennium Copyright Act C) Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act D) Defend Trade Secrets Act
A
Which of the following is a core Fair Information Practices (FIP) principle? A) Choice/Consent B) Access/Participation C) Security D) Enforcement
A
Which of the following is not one of the seven major segments of the retail industry? A) electronics and computers B) specialty stores C) gasoline and fuel D) food and beverage
A
Which case was instrumental in paving the way for Internet business methods patents? A) Bilski et al. v. Kappos B) State Street Bank & Trust Co. v. Signature Financial Group, Inc. C) Alice Corporation Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank International D) Ticketmaster Corp. v. Tickets.com
B
All of the following are challenges for catalog merchants except: A) high costs of printing and mailing. B) building a credible website. C) the need to bring staff in or manage new technology. D) building sophisticated order entry and fulfillment systems.
D
All of the following are strategic factors that pertain specifically to a firm and its related businesses except: A) core competencies. B) synergies. C) technology. D) power of customers.
D
All of the following are terms used to describe on-demand service companies except: A) mesh economy. B) collaborative commerce. C) we-commerce. D) omni-channel commerce.
D
An ________ serves businesses that primarily buy direct goods on a contract purchasing basis. A) e-distributor B) e-procurement company C) exchange D) industry consortium
D
B2B e-commerce websites: A) are a predecessor of industry consortia. B) tend to serve horizontal markets. C) are buyer-side solutions. D) are considered a type of EDI system.
B
Content convergence describes convergence in the design, production, and ________ of content. A) sales B) distribution C) marketing D) consumption
B
DRM refers to a combination of ________ for protecting digital content. A) hardware and software methods B) technical and legal means C) user and publisher agreements D) local and remote policies
B
"Do Not Track" falls under which of the following principles in the FTC's new privacy framework? A) Privacy by Design B) Simplified Choice C) Greater Transparency D) Scope
B
All of the following are examples of dark social except: A) e-mail. B) tweets. C) SMS texts. D) Snapchat.
B
All of the following are examples of the challenges that traditional manufacturers experience when using the Internet to sell directly to the consumer except: A) moving to a demand-pull model. B) high cost structures. C) developing a fast-response online order and fulfillment system. D) channel conflict.
B
All of the following were factors that precipitated the growth of MOTO except: A) the national toll-free call system. B) the growth of the cellular phone industry. C) falling long distance telecommunications prices. D) the growth of the credit card industry.
B
An ________ primarily serves businesses that primarily buy indirect goods on a contract purchasing basis. A) e-distributor B) e-procurement Net marketplace C) exchange D) industry consortium
B
Which of the following primarily serve horizontal markets? A) e-distributors and exchanges B) e-distributors and e-procurement Net marketplaces C) e-procurement Net marketplaces and industry consortia D) exchanges and industry consortia
B
Which of the following protects original forms of expression in a tangible medium? A) trade secret law B) copyright law C) patent law D) trademark law
B
An ________ primarily serves businesses that primarily buy direct goods on a spot purchasing basis. A) e-distributor B) e-procurement company C) exchange D) industry consortium
C
EDI document structures are defined by: A) a single international standards body. B) individual suppliers and buyers. C) industry committees. D) each purchaser.
C
Which of the following is the fastest growing form of B2B e-commerce? A) e-distributors B) exchanges C) private industrial networks D) industry consortiums
C
Which of the following is the first step in the social marketing process? A) community B) amplification C) fan acquisition D) engagement
C
Which of the following occurs when retailers of products must compete on price and currency of inventory directly against the manufacturer? A) disintermediation B) localization C) channel conflict D) hypermediation
C
Which of the following technologies allows you to send e-mail without a trace? A) anonymous surfing B) P3P C) anonymous remailers D) public key encryption
C
C
Which of the following e-commerce technology dimensions creates greater opportunities for cyberbullying? A) information density B) interactivity C) social technology D) ubiquity
E-distributors: A) make money by charging a mark-up on products they distribute. B) usually operate "private" markets. C) operate in vertical markets. D) focus on selling direct products.
A
E-mailing buyers to warn them away from a seller is a type of auction fraud known as: A) transaction interference. B) bid siphoning. C) bid rigging. D) shill bidding.
A
In ________, all of a customer's financial (and even nonfinancial) data are pulled together into a single, personalized website. A) account aggregation B) a financial portal C) integrated financial services D) EBPP systems
A
One partial solution to high monitoring costs is ________ pricing. A) fixed B) dynamic C) allocated D) distress
A
A(n) ________ offers members focused discussion groups, help, information, and knowledge related to an area of shared practice. A) practice network B) general community C) affinity community D) interest-based social network
A
Which of the FTC's Fair Information Practices (FIP) principles requires opt-in or opt-out policies to be in place? A) Notice/Awareness B) Choice/Consent C) Access/Participation D) Security
B
Which of the following accounts for the most mobile ad spending? A) display ads B) search engine advertising C) video ads D) SMS text messages
B
Which of the following statements about the music industry is not true? A) Music industry revenues have decreased by 50% since 1999. B) Digital revenues accounted for less than half of all U.S. music revenues in 2016. C) It is still unclear if streaming music services have a viable business model. D) Streaming music generated over 50% of all digital music sales in 2016.
B
Which of the following statements illustrates the network effects that portals are subject to? A) Specialized vertical market portals attract only a small percentage of the audience, while a few large megaportals garner most of the market. B) The value of the portal to advertisers and consumers increases geometrically as reach increases. C) The greater the amount of content provided by a portal, the greater its value to the community. D) The greater number of portals available, the greater the potential audience for each.
B
Which of the following statements is not true? A) Price competition among online travel services is difficult as comparison shopping for better prices is easy. B) The online travel services sector is one of the few in which extensive disintermediation has occurred. C) The ability of travel products and services to be commoditized is a significant factor in the explosive growth of the online travel services industry. D) The online travel services industry has gone through a period of consolidation.
B
________ is a method for ensuring that suppliers precisely deliver ordered parts at a specific time and to a particular location. A) Having an adaptive supply chain B) Tight coupling C) Supply-chain management D) Materials requirement planning
B
All of the following are benefits of auctions except: A) more efficient price discovery. B) lower transaction costs. C) decreased price transparency. D) increased market efficiency.
C
2) The technology used by early online communities was limited to mostly: A) instant messaging. B) FTP. C) e-mail. D) bulletin boards.
D
A(n) ________ supply chain is one in which the labor conditions in low-wage, underdeveloped producer countries are visible and morally acceptable to ultimate consumers in more developed industrial societies. A) sustainable B) ethical C) lean D) accountable
D
Which of the following statements about Walmart's Global Replenishment System (GRS) is not true? A) GRS is an online analytics package. B) GRS is a just-in-time inventory management system. C) GRS is predictive, not just reflective, of past sales. D) GRS is based on past point-of-sale data.
D
Which of the following statements about industry self-regulation regarding privacy is not true? A) The AdChoices program is an industry-sponsored initiative to encourage websites to be more transparent about how they use personal information and to make it more likely that appropriate ads are shown to users. B) The NAI offers consumers a global opt-out feature to prevent network advertising agencies from placing cookies on a user's computer. C) Industry efforts have not so far succeeded in reducing American fears of privacy invasion. D) Critics argue that the most effective form of industry self-regulation to safeguard privacy are online seal programs that attest to a company's privacy policies.
D
An ________ primarily serves businesses that buy indirect goods on a spot purchasing basis. A) e-distributor B) e-procurement company C) exchange D) industry consortium
A
Which of the FTC's Fair Information Practices (FIP) principles requires identification of the collector of data? A) Notice/Awareness B) Choice/Consent C) Access/Participation D) Security
A
Which of the following has the second-highest share of online retail sales? A) omni-channel merchants B) virtual merchants C) catalog merchants D) manufacturer-direct
A
All of the following are important trends in B2B e-commerce in 2017-2018, except: A) the growing emphasis on obtaining real-time data. B) the migration of B2B hardware and software to cloud computing and cloud apps. C) a decline in the number of Net marketplaces. D) the increasing use of social network platforms.
B
All of the following types of auctions involve single units except: A) English auction. B) Dutch Internet. C) Name Your Own Price auction. D) penny auction.
B
Registering the domain name Faceboik.com with the intent to divert web traffic from people misspelling Facebook.com is an example of: A) cybersquatting. B) typosquatting. C) metatagging. D) linking.
B
All of the following are forms of collaboration among businesses except: A) RFQs. B) CPFR. C) demand chain visibility. D) marketing coordination and product design.
A
All of the following are major trends in B2B e-commerce in 2017-2018, except: A) a movement toward implementing highly centralized supply chains to reduce risk. B) a growing emphasis on the use of business analytics software (business intelligence) to understand very large data sets. C) a growing emphasis on rapid-response and adaptive supply chains rather than lowest-cost supply chains. D) an increase in regional manufacturing and supply chains to attempt to combat the risks of far-flung global networks.
A
All of the following are solutions to the problem of high monitoring costs except: A) seller rating systems. B) watch lists. C) proxy bidding. D) fixed pricing.
A
All of the following cases involved the doctrine of fair use except: A) Spokeo v. Robins B) Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc. et al. C) Field v. Google, Inc. D) Kelly v. Arriba Soft.
A
All of the following services require extensive personalization except: A) financial services. B) legal services. C) medical services. D) accounting services.
A
All of the following statements about patents are true except: A) it is more difficult to obtain a copyright than it is to obtain a patent. B) the four types of inventions protected by patent law are machines, manmade products, compositions of matter, and processing methods. C) computer programs can be patented. D) in order to be patented, an invention must be nonobvious.
A
All of the following statements about the online insurance industry are true except: A) the Internet has lowered search costs, increased price comparison, and decreased prices to consumers for all forms of insurance. B) websites of almost all the major firms provide the ability to obtain an online quote. C) According to comScore, the online channel is consumers' preferred method for shopping for auto insurance policies. D) the industry has been very successful in attracting visitors searching for information.
A
All of the following were parts of the vision during the early days of e-commerce except the belief that: A) new, "first-mover" middlemen, with expertise in e-commerce, would force traditional intermediaries out of business. B) online consumers were rational and cost-driven. C) entry costs to the online retail market would be much less than those needed to establish a physical storefront. D) the cost of acquiring customers would be much lower.
A
An ________ is an independently owned, online marketplace that connects hundreds to potentially thousands of suppliers and buyers in a dynamic, real-time environment. A) exchange B) e-distributor C) e-procurement company D) industry consortium
A
Apple's iBeacon uses which of the following technologies? A) BLE B) NFC C) E9-1-1 D) QR codes
A
Automated order entry systems: A) show goods from a single seller. B) increased the costs of inventory replenishment. C) are typically owned by the purchasing firm. D) no longer play an important role in B2B commerce.
A
Operating margin is defined as: A) operating income or loss divided by net sales revenues. B) operating income or loss divided by total operating expenses. C) net sales revenues divided by net income or loss. D) net assets divided by net liabilities.
A
Registering a domain name similar or identical to trademarks of others to extort profits from legitimate holders is an example of: A) cybersquatting. B) cyberpiracy. C) framing. D) metatagging.
A
Safe harbor provisions of the DMCA were at the heart of which of the following lawsuits? A) a lawsuit filed by the Authors Guild and five major publishing companies against Google B) a lawsuit brought by Viacom against YouTube and Google C) Government Employees Insurance Company v. Google, Inc. D) Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.
A
The Internet has resulted in lower search costs, increased price comparison, and lower prices to consumers for which insurance product line? A) term life insurance B) automobile insurance C) health insurance D) property and casualty insurance
A
The last step in the procurement process is: A) sending a remittance payment. B) sending the invoice. C) shipping the goods. D) delivering the goods.
A
The term supply-push refers to: A) making products prior to orders being received based on estimated demand. B) waiting for orders to be received before building a product. C) channel conflict. D) multi-channel manufacturers who sell directly online to consumers.
A
Threatening negative feedback in return for a benefit is an example of: A) feedback extortion. B) offensive shill feedback. C) defensive shill feedback. D) sending spam.
A
What is the FTC recommendation regarding choice as it relates to personally identifiable information (PII)? A) Require firms to have consumers affirmatively opt-in before PII is collected. B) Require firms to allow consumers to opt-out before PII is collected. C) Make collection of PII illegal. D) Require robust notice only before PII is collected.
A
What is the major reason why the Internet has such potential for destroying traditional conceptions and implementations of intellectual property law? A) the ability to make perfect copies of digital works at little cost B) the anonymous nature of the Internet C) the support for instant peer-to-peer communication D) the use of standards for file formats
A
Which ethical principle emphasizes putting oneself into the place of others and thinking of oneself as the object of the decision? A) the Golden Rule B) Universalism C) the Collective Utilitarian principle D) the Social Contract Rule
A
Which of the following cases has chipped away at DMCA safe harbor protection? A) Field v. Google, Inc. B) Alice Corporation Pty. Ltd. v. CLS Bank International C) BMG Rights Management v. Cox Communications D) Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc. et al.
A
Which of the following is not a key industry strategic factor? A) synergies B) barriers to entry C) industry value chain D) existence of substitute products
A
Which of the following is not categorized as an operating expense? A) the cost of products being sold B) marketing costs C) administrative overhead D) amortization of goodwill
A
Which of the following is not one of the central challenges facing the online retail industry? A) lack of physical store presence B) consumer concerns about the privacy of personal information C) inconvenience in returning goods D) delivery delays
A
Which of the following is not one of the issues complicating the taxation of e-commerce sales? A) Taxes raised are used for different government purposes. B) Sales taxes and policies vary by state and country. C) Retailers are only legally required to charge sales tax if they have operations located in the same state as a consumer. D) Small online businesses are unable to manage sales taxes to thousands of different jurisdictions.
A
Which of the following is not true about social marketing? A) More than 50% of Twitter's ad revenues are generated by desktop users. B) The top seven social networks account for over 90% of all visits. C) Social marketing differs markedly from traditional online marketing. D) In social marketing, business cannot tightly control their brand messaging.
A
Which of the following is the leading location-based mobile ad format? A) search ads B) display ads C) native/social ads D) video ads
A
Which of the following statements about EDI systems is true? A) They typically serve vertical markets. B) They are seller-side solutions. C) They evolved from private trading exchanges. D) They still play an important role in B2C commerce.
A
Which of the following statements about cloud-based B2B systems is not true? A) Much of the expense of the system is shifted from the B2B network provider to the firm. B) B2B network providers charge customers on a demand basis. C) Network effects apply, enabling the spreading of costs. D) Cloud-based B2B data networks can be implemented in short periods of time.
A
Which of the following statements about online magazine publishing is not true? A) The total magazine audience size decreased in 2016, due entirely to the growth of digital magazines. B) More than 35% of tablet computer owners read magazine content once a week. C) The percentage of adults who read digital edition magazines has more than quadrupled since 2011. D) A recent survey found that over 40% of those surveyed had read an average of 2.5 digital magazine issues in the past month.
A
Which of the following terms refers to the links that connect business firms with one another to coordinate production? A) supply chain B) B2B e-commerce C) vertical market D) horizontal market
A
________ convergence describes the development of hybrid devices that can combine the functionality of two or more existing media platforms into a single device. A) Technological B) Content C) Media D) Industry
A
All of the following are potential benefits of B2B e-commerce except: A) increased production flexibility. B) increased product cycle time. C) increased opportunities to collaborate with suppliers and distributors. D) increased visibility and real-time information sharing among all participants in the supply chain network.
B
All of the following are weaknesses of EDI except: A) EDI is not well suited for electronic marketplaces. B) EDI lacks universal standards. C) EDI does not provide a real-time communication environment. D) EDI does not scale easily.
B
All of the following statements about the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) are true except: A) the DMCA makes it illegal to circumvent technological measures to protect works. B) the DMCA makes Internet Service Providers (ISPs) responsible and accountable for hosting websites or providing services to infringers regardless of whether the ISP is aware of infringement. C) the DMCA requires search engines to block access to infringing sites. D) the DMCA allows libraries to make digital copies of works for internal use only.
B
All of the following statements about the MOTO sector are true except: A) compared to general merchandisers, the transition to e-commerce has been easier for MOTO firms. B) the MOTO sector is also referred to as the specialty store sector. C) MOTO was the last technological revolution that preceded e-commerce. D) distribution of catalogs is one of MOTO retailers' biggest expenses.
B
An example of an indirect good in the fast-food industry is: A) mustard. B) paper napkins. C) beef. D) sugar.
B
Downloading a music track owned by a record company without paying for it is an example of a violation of: A) patent law. B) copyright law. C) trademark law. D) privacy law.
B
Gross margin is defined as gross profit: A) minus total operating expenses. B) divided by net sales revenues. C) divided by cost of sales. D) minus net income.
B
Omni-channel merchants are also referred to as: A) virtual merchants. B) bricks-and-clicks companies. C) catalog merchants. D) manufacturer-direct firms.
B
Private industrial networks are direct descendants of: A) e-procurement Net marketplaces. B) existing EDI networks. C) independent exchanges. D) industry consortia.
B
Registering a domain name similar or identical to trademarks of others to divert web traffic to their own sites is an example of: A) cybersquatting. B) cyberpiracy. C) framing. D) metatagging.
B
The lower the ________ compared to revenue, the higher the gross profit. A) assets B) cost of sales C) gross margin D) operating expenses
B
The time spent watching and reviewing auction bids is a part of ________ costs. A) pricing B) monitoring C) delayed consumption D) fulfillment
B
Virtual merchants face potentially large costs for all of the following except: A) building and maintaining a website. B) building and maintaining physical stores. C) building an order fulfillment infrastructure. D) developing a brand name.
B
Which ethical principle states that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it's not right to take at all? A) Universalism B) the Slippery Slope C) the Social Contract Rule D) the Golden Rule
B
Which ethical principle states that when confronted with an ethical dilemma, an individual should take the action that produces the least harm, or the least potential cost? A) the Slippery Slope B) Risk Aversion C) No Free Lunch D) the Collective Utilitarian principle
B
Which of the following allows the consumer to enter a maximum price and the auction software automatically places incremental bids, up to that maximum price, as their original bid is surpassed? A) watch lists B) proxy bidding C) sealed bidding D) price matching
B
Which of the following features of e-commerce technology can result in work and shopping invading family life? A) interactivity B) ubiquity C) information density D) global reach
B
Which of the following hardware technologies has Apple adopted for Apple Pay? A) GPS B) NFC C) BLE D) QR codes
B
Which of the following has the highest share of online retail sales? A) omni-channel merchants B) virtual merchants C) catalog merchants D) manufacturer-direct
B
Which of the following involves e-mailing another seller's bidders and offering the same product for less? A) transaction interception B) bid siphoning C) shill bidding D) persistent bidding
B
Which of the following involves using a variety of tools to encourage users to interact with content and brand? A) social density B) engagement C) amplification D) dark social
B
Which of the following is not a current trend in online content? A) Americans continue to spend more on streaming music than downloaded music. B) Readership of newspapers in print form continues to exceed online readership. C) E-book sales growth slows. D) Explosive growth of the mobile platform accelerates the transition to digital content.
B
Which of the following is not a privacy advocacy group? A) EPIC B) TIO C) CDT D) EFF
B
Which of the following is not a typical barrier to the implementation of a private industrial network? A) It requires participating firms to share sensitive data. B) It requires the large network owners to give up some of its independence. C) It requires a significant investment of time and money. D) It requires a change of mindset and behavior of employees.
B
Which of the following is not one of the four basic principles shared by ethical schools of thought in western culture? A) accountability B) privacy C) responsibility D) liability
B
Which of the following measures the percentage of sales revenue a firm can retain after all expenses are deducted from gross revenues? A) gross profit B) net margin C) operating margin D) working capital
B
Which of the following occurs first in the process of content convergence related to books? A) media integration B) media migration C) media transformation D) media maturity
B
Which of the following primarily deal with indirect goods? A) e-distributors and industry consortia B) e-distributors and e-procurement Net marketplaces C) exchanges and industry consortia D) exchanges and e-procurement Net marketplaces
B
Which of the following refers to those forms of social sharing that occur off the major social networks, through alternative communication tools? A) social density B) dark social C) amplification D) engagement
B
Which of the following statements about B2B marketing is not true? A) Mobile B2B marketing consumes less than 20% of B2B digital marketing budgets. B) Only 10% of B2B marketers use mobile marketing technologies. C) Content marketing is one of the primary and most effective marketing tools in B2B marketing. D) The disparity between the amount spent on B2B marketing compared to B2C e-commerce reflects the different nature of much of B2B e-commerce when compared to B2C e-commerce.
B
Which of the following statements about the online newspaper audience is not true? A) The online newspaper is one of the most successful of all online media in terms of audience size. B) Most newspaper readers read the news using a combination of the Web, print and mobile. C) Social networks have become a major source of readers for newspaper articles. D) Online newspapers reach over 75% of individuals in households earning more than $100,000 a year.
B
Which of the following types of auctions "shields the brand" of the seller? A) English auction B) Name Your Own Price auction C) Dutch auction D) penny auction
B
Which of the following was the first step in the development of B2B e-commerce? A) Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) B) automated order entry systems C) computerized inventory databases D) digital invoices
B
________ is an example of an e-procurement Net marketplace. A) TheSeam B) Ariba C) Grainger D) SupplyOn
B
________ is another name for transorganizational business processes. A) Supply chain management B) Collaborative commerce C) B2B e-commerce D) Value chain management
B
A social consequence of the richness of Internet information is: A) an increase in shallowness. B) an increase in the ease of creating misleading information. C) very persuasive messages might reduce the need for multiple independent sources of information. D) an increase in vulnerability to hacking attacks.
C
According to data from Pew Research Center, which of the following is the action which the highest percentage of Internet users has taken to preserve their privacy online? A) used an anonymous web browsing service B) encrypted their communications C) cleared web browser history and cookies D) posted comments online anonymously
C
All of the following are required in order for information to be considered a trade secret except: A) it must have commercial value to its owner. B) the owner must have taken steps to protect it. C) it must be unique. D) it must be something that others do not know.
C
All of the following have led to the development of outsourcing of manufacturing around the world except: A) technology. B) globalization of trade. C) environmental concerns. D) high levels of wage disparity between the developed and undeveloped worlds
C
All of the following were popular types of online marketing before 2007 except: A) e-mail. B) corporate websites. C) mobile marketing. D) display ads.
C
Hollywood's practice of staggering the distribution of movies in different channels, such as box office and DVDs, is referred to as: A) dynamic pricing. B) content convergence. C) the release window. D) digital rights management.
C
Instagram is an example of a(n): A) interest-based social network. B) affinity community/social network. C) general community/social network. D) practice network.
C
Supply chain ________ refers to differentiating a firm's products or prices on the basis of superior supply chain management. A) management B) simplification C) competition D) collaboration
C
The MOTO sector of the retail industry is most similar to the ________ sector. A) specialty stores B) general merchandise C) online retail sales D) consumer durables
C
The display of a third-party's website or page within your own website is called: A) cybersquatting. B) metatagging. C) framing. D) deep linking.
C
The essential characteristic of ________ is that they bring hundreds to thousands of suppliers into a single Internet-based environment to conduct trade. A) industry consortia B) exchanges C) Net marketplaces D) horizontal markets
C
The majority of inter-firm trade involves: A) spot purchasing of direct goods. B) contract purchasing of indirect goods. C) contract purchasing of direct goods. D) spot purchasing of indirect goods.
C
The term ________ refers to the advantages conferred as an auction site becomes larger in terms of visitors and products for sale. A) siphoning B) herd behavior C) network effects D) channel expansion
C
What is another name for pro forma earnings? A) net margin B) operating income C) earnings before income taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) D) generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) earnings
C
Which ethical principle states that, when confronted with an ethical dilemma, individuals should take the action that achieves the greater value for all of society? A) the Golden Rule B) Risk Aversion C) the Collective Utilitarian principle D) the Social Contract Rule
C
Which of the following allows someone to obtain an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years? A) copyright law B) trade secret law C) patent law D) trademark law
C
Which of the following best explains why the service sector is a natural avenue for e-commerce? A) The service sector is less geographically reliant and more globally oriented. B) The service sector has historically been more technology-reliant. C) Much of the value in services is based on the collection, storage, and exchange of information. D) It is not; services are difficult to translate to e-commerce because they rely on face-to-face communication and barter.
C
Which of the following handles cybersquatting cases under its Uniform Dispute Resolution procedures? A) ICANN B) FTC C) WIPO D) USPTO
C
Which of the following involves using the inherent strength of social networks to encourage visitors and fans to share their Likes and comments with friends? A) social density B) engagement C) amplification D) dark social
C
Which of the following is a community of members who self-identify with a demographic or geographic category? A) practice network B) sponsored community C) affinity community D) interest-based social network
C
Which of the following is a method of inventory cost management that seeks to eliminate excess inventory? A) lean production B) sustainable production C) just-in-time production D) supply chain simplification
C
Which of the following is not a risk or cost of Internet auctions? A) delayed consumption costs B) equipment costs C) price transparency D) trust risks
C
Which of the following is not one of the three defining characteristics of a portal? A) commerce B) content C) auctions D) navigation of the Web
C
Which of the following is not true about the evolution of Facebook's privacy policies over the ten-year period from 2005 to 2015? A) The amount of information gathered and monitored by Facebook increased. B) Facebook's privacy policies improved from 2005 to 2009. C) Facebook's privacy policy became easier to understand. D) Facebook's privacy policies have steadily declined since 2009.
C
Which of the following situations would not qualify for the fair use exception to U.S. copyright law? A) A professor clips a newspaper article just before class and distributes copies of it to his class. B) A journalist quotes a paragraph from a book in a review of the book. C) A student copies a photograph of his favorite band from a website created by the band's record label and places it on the student's personal website. D) Google posts thumbnail images of books in the Google Book Search Project.
C
Which of the following statements about the E.U. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is not true? A) The GDPR replaces the E.U.'s existing Data Protection Directive. B) The GDPR applies to any firm operating in any E.U. country. C) The GDPR eliminate the right to be forgotten. D) The GDPR limits the ability of companies to use data for purposes other than those for which it was collected.
C
Which of the following tools can companies use to track user statements and views on newsgroups, chat groups, and other public forums? A) cookies B) digital wallets C) search engines D) shopping carts
C
Which of the following types of auctions is perfect for sellers that have many identical items to sell? A) English auctions B) Name Your Own Price auctions C) Dutch Internet auctions D) group buying auctions
C
________ of procurement officers use auctions to purchase goods. A) Approximately 80% B) Less than a quarter C) Over one third D) Approximately 25%
C
________ production is a set of production methods that focuses on the elimination of waste throughout the customer value chain. A) Green B) Sustainable C) Lean D) Just-in-time
C
________ refers to the use of secondary user IDs or bidders who have no actual intention to buy to artificially raise the price of an item. A) Bid manipulation B) Shill feedback C) Shill bidding D) Bid rigging
C
A(n) ________ system continuously links the activities of buying, making, and moving products from suppliers to purchasing firms, as well as integrating order entry systems. A) EDI B) ERP C) CPFR D) SCM
D
All of the following are advantages of online retail except: A) lower supply chain costs. B) lower cost of distribution. C) ability to change prices. D) faster delivery of goods.
D
All of the following are challenges faced by bricks-and-clicks firms except: A) coordinating prices across channels. B) handling returns of online purchases at retail outlets. C) building a credible website. D) building a brand name.
D
All of the following statements about the online real estate services market are true except: A) most people use the Internet to search for a home, but still use the services of a real estate agent to complete the purchase. B) real estate differs from other types of online financial services because it is impossible to complete a property transaction online. C) the primary service offered by real estate sites is a listing of houses available. D) the Internet and e-commerce have created a revolution in the real estate value chain.
D
By 2019, it is estimated that advertisers will be spending which of the following amounts on mobile marketing? A) $82 million B) $820 million C) $8.2 billion D) $82 billion
D
Collaborative commerce systems: A) focus on structuring intra-firm communications. B) bring customers into the product development phase. C) provide open, competitive marketplaces. D) foster sharing sensitive internal information with suppliers and purchasers.
D
Disputes over federal trademarks involve establishing: A) underlying ideas. B) intent. C) piracy. D) infringement.
D
Encouraging users to click a Like button is an example of which step in the social marketing process? A) fan acquisition B) brand strength C) community D) amplification
D
Service industry groups are categorized generally into two groups, those that provide transaction brokering and those that involve: A) retailing goods. B) personalization. C) information brokering. D) providing hands-on services.
D
The amount of time visitors spend on a site is a measure of: A) reach. B) loyalty. C) conversation. D) engagement.
D
The merger of media enterprises into powerful, synergistic combinations that can cross-market content on many different platforms is referred to as: A) aggregation. B) repackaging. C) media transformation. D) industry convergence.
D
The profit a seller makes at auction is a function of all of the following except: A) initial pricing. B) auction length. C) the number of units for auction. D) watch lists.
D
What is the first step in analyzing an ethical dilemma? A) Define the conflict or dilemma and identify the higher-order values involved. B) Identify the potential consequences of your opinions. C) Identify the options you can reasonably take. D) Identify and describe the facts.
D
What is the first step in the procurement process? A) negotiate price B) qualify the seller and its products C) issue a purchase order D) search for suppliers
D
Which ethical principle asks you to assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone else unless there is a specific declaration otherwise? A) the Golden Rule B) the Slippery Slope C) the Social Contract Rule D) No Free Lunch
D
Which ethical principle asks you to consider the impact of your decision if the principles underlying your decision became an organizing principle of the entire society? A) the Golden Rule B) Risk Aversion C) the Slippery Slope D) the Social Contract Rule
D
Which of the following basic ethical concepts plays an important role in defining privacy? A) responsibility B) accountability C) liability D) due process
D
Which of the following involves bypassing the target site's home page and going directly to a content page? A) cybersquatting B) metatagging C) framing D) deep linking
D
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the use of social networks in B2B e-commerce? A) It is typically unstructured. B) It helps develop a more personal relationship between participants in the supply chain. C) It enables participants to make decisions based on current conditions. D) They are always private.
D
Which of the following is not a leading factor in changing the television industry? A) increasing broadband penetration B) development of the mobile platform C) increased popularity of binge watching compared to watching linear TV D) inability to attract customers to traditional products
D
Which of the following is not one of the typical portal revenue sources? A) commissions on sales B) subscription fees C) tenancy deals D) referral fees
D
Which of the following is not true about mobile marketing? A) Mobile marketing is the fastest growing form of online marketing. B) In 2017, spending on mobile marketing will comprise over 70% of the amount spent on all types of online marketing. C) A substantial part of mobile marketing should be counted as social marketing. D) People use most of their mobile minutes while they are on the go.
D
Which of the following is not true about on-demand service firms? A) The growth of on-demand service firms is supported using online reputation systems based on peer review. B) It is not likely that on-demand service firms will totally escape government regulation. C) On-demand service firms facilitate access to resources. D) On-demand service firms are a totally new phenomenon without precedent in the history of e-commerce.
D
Which of the following is the most common model for online newspaper access for U.S. newspapers with circulations over 50,000? A) totally free B) most content free, but subscription fee to access premium content C) paywall D) metered subscription model
D
Which of the following statements about online banking is not true? A) Top mobile banking activities include checking balances and bank statements and viewing recent transactions. B) Online and mobile banking transactions provide significant costs savings for banks. C) Millennials are adopting mobile banking at a much higher rate than those who are older. D) More people use a tablet for mobile banking than a mobile phone.
D
________ is defined as the use of digital technologies to permit organizations to work together to design, develop, build, and manage products through their life cycles. A) SCM B) Social e-commerce C) EDI D) Collaborative commerce
D
