Chapter 7: Founding a Nation, 1783-1791

Identify the aims and accomplishments of the New Jersey Plan within the Continental Congress.

- It called for a single-house Congress in each state that would cast one vote. - Smaller states, fearing the political dominance of more populous states like MA and PA, supported this plan.

The Bill of Rights is a supremely important part of the Constitution. Identify the statements that describe its legacies.

- It established the belief that federal power represented the greatest threat to personal freedom. -It established freedom of expression at the very foundation of political democracy.

What were the effects of the Constitution?

- Reduced the powers of the states. - Created national political institutions. - Made possible a national economic market by giving congress the power over tariffs, interstate commerce, and coining money, among others.

The ratification of the Constitution had a tremendous effect on late eighteenth-century America. Identify the statements that describe the long-term consequences.

- Slavery remained deeply entrenched in American life and politics. - It made a domestic economy possible.

Following the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, the Treaty of Greenville was established between American and Native combatants. What were the outcomes of the Treaty of Greenville?

- Tribes friendly to the federal government were granted cash payments. - Much of the upper Great Lakes region became open to white settlement.

Analyze the image below... what does it reveal about the ratification of the Constitution?

-There were states in both the North and the South that did not support ratification of the Constitution -Although two states did not support the Constitution, the majority of states supported ratification

Which statements describe the laws mandated by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

-it prohibited slavery in the Old Northwest -It created at least three states out of the Northwest Territory -It pledged 'the utmost good faith' would be observed toward local Indians and that their land would not be taken without consent.

The Constitution was a product of its time in that it aimed to deal with many of the questions facing early Americans. Which groups of people are specifically mentioned in the Constitution?

-slaves -native americans

American expansion to the West was made difficult by the Native American tribes that occupied that space. What options did the government see for the future of native tribes in the West?

-their assimilation into American society was a long-term possibility -they would be forced onto lands farther to the West -they would be wiped off of the continent

Identify the basic political principles outlined in the Constitution.

Federalism, or the division of power, which is the relationship between the state and national government A system of checks and balances that prevents any branch of national government from dominating the other 2

Identify the statements that describe African-Americans in the northern states during the early years of the Constitutional Republic.

They could vote in many states Many northern states adopted a policy of gradual emancipation

James Madison viewed the addition of a Bill of Rights to be a very important and necessary check against future abuses of power by the national government.

false

In their original forms, not all electable positions in the new American government were attained by a popular vote from the people. Which position has always been filled by a popular vote?

members of the House of Representatives

In the years following the Revolutionary War, negative connotations associated with skin color and race were used to justify slavery in a nation founded on the strong notion of individual freedom.

true

Identify the statements that describe the Bill of Rights

- The original federal constitution didn't include a Bill of Rights. - It states that all of the rights not given to the federal government are maintained by the states and people, to ensure the national government didn't suppress the rights of citizens. - The original 10 amendments protected the basic rights of citizens, including freedom of press, religion, and the right to a jury of peers.

Identify the statements that describe why the Federalists were successful.

- They controlled the local media. - They were successful because their opposition, the Anti-Federalists, were ineffectively organized. - They convincingly argued that a strong government would grow the economy, garnering support from both bosses, local leaders, and, as a result, their employees.

The Articles of Confederation granted the national government limited powers. Identify the statements that describe the conflicts sparked by governance under this first written constitution.

- Wealthy property owners saw their rights constrained by poorer local majorities. - Indebted farmers, threatened with the loss of land because of failure to meet tax or mortgage payments, pressed state governments for relief.

Proponents of a stronger federal government by the 1780s believed that - rights were foundational to the American system. They believed that too much - could harm the nation by endangering -.

-Property -Public Liberty -Private Liberty

The idea that the United States is a "melting pot," where all nationalities blend together to create a unique American culture, was first developed and shared by Thomas Jefferson.

false