Chapter 7 - Homework

_____ are forces that produce differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization

Change forces

In the context of organizational decline, what is true of the crisis stage?

Companies lack the resources to fully change how they run their businesses.

_____ are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged.

Creative Work Environments

_____ is a new technological design or process that becomes the accepted market standard

Dominant design

_____ is a psychological state of effortlessness, in which you become completely absorbed in what you are doing and time seems to pass quickly.

Flow

_____ is a change based on incremental improvements to a dominant technological design such that the improved technology is fully backward compatible with the older technology.

Generational change

Which of the following statements is true of resistance to change? A. It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support. B. It is based on sufficient and correct information. C. It is artificial and uncertain in nature. D. It is used to manage innovation in more certain environments during periods of incremental change.

It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support.

Define incremental change

It is a phase in which companies innovate by lowering the cost and improving the functioning and performance of the dominant design

Define the General Electric workout

It is a three-day meeting in which managers and employees from different levels and parts of an organization quickly generate and act on solutions to specific business problems

Define technological discontinuity

It is the phase of an innovation stream in which a scientific advance or unique combination of existing technologies creates a significant breakthrough in performance or function.

Which of the following statements is true of experiential approach to innovation? A. It assumes that incremental innovation can be planned using a series of steps. B. It tests a prototype of a new product or service and then builds and tests the improved prototype. C. It is used to manage innovation in more certain environments during periods of incremental change. D. It uses intuition and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning.

It uses intuition and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning.

In the context of organizational decline, which of the following is true of the blinded stage? A. Management recognizes the need to change but still takes no action. B. Organizations face rising costs and decreasing profits and market share. C. Companies lack the resources to fully change how they run their businesses. D. Key managers fail to recognize the internal or external changes that will harm their organizations.

Key managers fail to recognize the internal or external changes that will harm their organizations.

KelHouse Corp. specializes in mobile computing devices. It has developed a working model of a cell phone charger that can charge the battery of a cell phone in less than 15 minutes. This model is being tested for design, function, and reliability. In the context of the experiential approach to innovation, the working model is a(n) _____.

Product Prototype

What is true of the S-curve pattern of innovation of a product?

The flat slope indicates that increased effort brings only small improvements in technological performance.

Which of the following is true of design competition? A. A scientific advance of existing technologies creates a significant breakthrough in performance or function. B. A new dominant design prevents a company from competitively selling its products or makes it difficult to do so. C. The patterns of innovation over time create sustainable competitive advantage. D. The older technology usually improves significantly in response to the competitive threat from the new technologies.

The older technology usually improves significantly in response to the competitive threat from the new technologies

What is an error that managers make in the refreezing phase?

They declare victory too soon

What is an error that managers make during the unfreezing stage?

They do not establish a great enough sense of urgency

What is an error that managers make in the change phase?

They under-communicate the vision by a factor of ten.

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of small-group interventions is to:

assess how a group functions and help it work more effectively to accomplish its goals

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of large-system interventions is to:

change the character and performance of an organization, business unit, or department.

In the context of resistance to change, _____ is the use of formal power and authority to force others to change.

coercion

Technological substitution occurs when: A. a new technological design or process becomes the accepted market standard. B. a new dominant design prevents a company from competitively selling its products. C. customers purchase new products to replace older technologies. D. a new technological standard or dominant design is established.

customers purchase new products to replace older technologies

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of person-focused interventions is to:

increase interpersonal effectiveness by helping people to become aware of their attitudes.

In an organization, organizational encouragement of creativity occurs when:

management encourages risk taking and new ideas.

The compression approach of innovation management is used in: A. fast-growing environments. B. periods of discontinuous change. C. highly uncertain environments. D. periods of incremental change.

periods of incremental change