Chapter 7

_________________________applications require excellent project management and a proven methodology, and the project team should choose to develop a custom application only if it is certain that the underlying coordination and control mechanisms will be in place.

Custom

____________________ models refine analysis models by adding details from the solution domain.

Design

In order to aid project team to make a decision of an acquisition, they employ several approaches to gather additional information. The document that solicits a formal proposal from a potential vendor, developer, or service provider is called _________.

Request For Proposal (RFP)

A disadvantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organization may _____. a. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit b. build technical skills and functional knowledge c. make strategic changes during implementation d. remove all risk from the project e. save money on the purchase

a

Which one in the following is NOT a factor for selecting a design strategy? a. Business need b. In-house experience c. Project skills d. Time frame e. Software quality

a

Which the following class should be designed in layer Foundation. a. Date b. DataInputStream c. Button d. Studnent e. URLConnection

a

A(n) _____________________ matrix combines several feasibility analyses into one table so that the pros and cons of alternatives can be easily compared.

alternative

A(n) _____________________________ matrix can be used to organize the pros and cons of the design alternatives so that the best solution will be chosen in the end.

alternative

The data structure is NOT a layer of a software ________________________________.

architecture

The layer that would include the classes that would interact with middleware applications is the physical _____________________________ layer.

architecture

A(n) _____ is the equivalent to a subsystem. a. collaboration b. partition c. layer d. factor e. abstraction

b

An advantage of custom development is that the organization can _____. a. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit b. build technical skills and functional knowledge c. install in a short period of time d. remove all risk from the project e. save money on the purchase

b

The following are all classic design mistakes EXCEPT _____. a. feature creep b. including design time c. reducing design time d. silver bullet syndrome e. switching tools in mid-project

b

The purpose of the design phase is to create a(n) ________________ for the new system.

blueprint

The design phase of the SDLC creates a(n) _______________________________.

blueprint for the future system

When an analyst discovers that a set of classes have a similar set of attributes and methods, it may make sense to _____ out the similarities into a separate class. a. refine b. abstract c. factor d. partition e. separate

c

Which one in the following is a development strategy? a. Rational Unified development b. offshore development c. packaged software d. Agile development e. Rapid prototyping

c

The physical architecture layer addresses how the software will execute on specific ____________________ & _______________________.

computers & networks

Manipulating certain parameters to refine the way features work in a software package is called ___________________________________________.

customization

The following are all strengths of a custom development design strategy EXCEPT _____. a. builds technical skills b. greater creativity c. greater flexibility d. lower risk e. none of these

d

The following are all strengths of a packaged software design strategy EXCEPT _____. a. it may be bought and installed in a short time b. many business needs are not unique c. the package is already tested and generally proven to work d. there is an exact match of functionality to requirements e. none of these

d

There are three methods to create a new system. They are _____. a. buy a package, external vender, external service provider b. develop custom application in-house, external service provider, and external vender c. external service provider, rely on a developer, and external vender d. in-house custom application, buy a package, and external vender e. in-house custom application, external service provider, and external vender

d

To avoid the classic design mistake of "silver bullet syndrome," the analyst should _____. a. increase the schedule to include learning time b. move proposed changes into future versions c. not switch or upgrade development tools unless there is a compelling need d. not use a design tool that appears too good to be true e. use rapid application development techniques or timeboxing

d

Which of the following is not a fundamental way to approach the creation of a new information system? a. develop a custom application in-house b. rely on an external vendor to build the system c. purchase a software package and customize it d. rely on end-users to develop it themselves e. all of these are ways to create new information systems

d

Which one in the following is NOT a layer of a software architecture. a. Foundation b. Problem Domain c. Data management d. Data structure e. Human-computer Interface

d

The _________________________________ layer addresses the issues involving the persistence of the objects contained in the system.

data management

A(n) ________________________ is used to solicit proposals from vendors.

document

An advantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organization can _____. a. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit b. build technical skills and functional knowledge c. have developers climb the knowledge ladder d. make strategic changes during implementation e. save money on the purchase

e

The decision on which design strategy to use depends on _____. a. how unique the business need is b. the expertise of the project manager c. the urgency of the project d. the amount of in-house experience e. all of these

e

To avoid the classic design mistake of "feature creep," the analyst should _____. a. not switch or upgrade unless there is a compelling need for specific features b. increase the schedule to include learning time c. move proposed changes into future versions d. not use a design tool that appears too good to be true e. use rapid application development techniques or timeboxing

e

A company adopting an enterprise resource planning (ERP) application, has adopted the strategy of outsourcing.

false

A package diagram is a class diagram that shows only packages and classes.

false

A value added contract provides for flexibility, but may result in a larger than expected bill.

false

As many as 70% of companies with IT budgets over $5 million are currently outsourcing development of systems.

false

Class such as URLConnection (dealing with URL connections) should be handled in the layer Data Management.

false

Custom development of software is usually the best strategy for common business needs, particularly when the business need is not unique and does not have special requirements.

false

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) applications are small single-function software packages that are inexpensive and easy to install and have only minor problems and fast, easily recognizable benefits.

false

If in-house experience exists for all the functional and technical needs of the new system, it will be easier to outsource the building of the system, because the company employees with those skills will be able to quickly learn the new system with very little training.

false

In the design phase we address the functional requirements.

false

In-house experience is not a factor to be considered for selecting a design strategy since a company is always able to hire experienced developers.

false

It is much less efficient to buy packaged software that has already been created, tested, and proven than to build a system from scratch.

false

Many project teams believe that packaged software is the best way to create a system because they have complete control over the way the system looks and functions, and they can be flexible and creative in the way they solve business problems.

false

Max has been a project manager for 10 years and is considered one of the best in his department of well qualified IS professionals. The approval committee is considering the approval of a new unique Internet system that could possibly catapult the firm ahead of all of the competition. Buying a packaged system would be the best design strategy.

false

Michelle would like the opportunity to increase the experience level of her IS staff by having them analyze and design a new web-based distribution system. The skills learned from this project may help with future strategic applications. Since the time period for the project is very flexible and this is a somewhat unique business need, Michelle has decided to use packaged software for this project.

false

Object-oriented systems can send messages to a legacy system through the use of a package wrapper.

false

Outsourcing eliminates all risks from the project.

false

Packaged diagrams cannot be verified or validated since they are too general.

false

Pirate Adventures, Inc., a company that owns and operates hotels in tropical locations, is interested in replacing the 15-year-old room reservation system in all of its hotels. Custom development would be the best design strategy.

false

The design strategy that would be most logical to a firm with a very limited amount of in-house IS expertise is allow end-users to create the system.

false

The outsourcing is the best design strategy for every project.

false

There are three design strategies: 1) developing a custom application in-house, 2) hiring a consultant, and 3) relying on an external vendor, developer, or service provider to build the system.

false

There are three primary types of outsourcing contracts: 1) time and arrangements, 2) variable-price, and 3) value added.

false

When selecting a design strategy an organization should consider project management experience, project skills, functional skill development, time frame, costs, and flexibility.

false

When the business need is unique and the process is critical to the business, the most appropriate development strategy is packaged software.

false

When the timeframe for implementation is short, it is best to consider custom development.

false

When using the packaged software design strategy, substantial time can be saved because the project team no longer has to spend time defining the requirements of the new system.

false

A(n) ________________ contract provides for a stable customer price, but requirements will be well defined by the outsourcer at the beginning of the contract period.

fixed price

Class like Date (dealing with date and time) should be considered in the _________________layer.

foundation

The ________________________ layer contains, among other things, the classes that represent the fundamental data types.

foundation

The layer that keeps the user interface implementation separate from the application or problem domain classes is the _______________________________________ layer.

human-computer interaction

An object wrapper creates an application program interface (API) to a ___________________ system, enabling object-oriented systems to interact with it.

legacy

A(n) _________________________ is a logical grouping of UML elements.

package

When the project skills are not strategic but they do exist in-house and the time frame is short, the most appropriate development strategy is ___________________ software.

packaged

A workaround is a custom-built add-on program that interfaces with the ________________________________ to handle special needs.

packaged application

The ___________________________ layer addresses how the software will execute on specific computers and networks.

problem domain

That the organization may accept functionality that is not a perfect fit is a disadvantage of ____________________________________________.

purchasing packaged software

A partition is the equivalent of a _______________________________.

subsystem

The process of building new systems by combining packaged software, existing legacy systems, and new software written to integrate everything together is called ________________________________________________.

systems integration

A disadvantage of outsourcing the application development process is that the organization may lose control over confidential information.

true

A(n) value added contract, that is gaining in popularity, provides for the outsourcer to gain a percentage of the completed systems benefits.

true

An advantage of outsourcing the application development process is that the organization may acquire technical skills and functional knowledge from the vendor.

true

Custom development allows developers to be flexible and creative in the way they solve business problems.

true

It can be much more efficient to buy programs that have already been created, tested, and proven, and a packaged software system can be bought and installed in a relatively short period of time compared with a custom system.

true

MVC is an example of layered design of software architecture.

true

Michael would like to complete this development project quickly so that the IS department may move onto more strategic needs. He has assigned Joan to coordinate the project because she worked recently with a local vendor and has an established relationship. Michael has decided to use package software for this project.

true

Packaged software is preferred when the business need is common and time is a constraining factor?

true

RFP, RFI and RFQ all could be used by project teams to collect information for making acquisition decision.

true

Some benefits of outsourcing are that the service provider may be more experienced in the technology that would greatly benefit your organization and may have more experienced programmers.

true

The attributes that change in a behavior state machine must appear in the object attribute list.

true

The three primary types of contracts that can be drawn to control the outsourcing deal are (1) a time and arrangements contract, (2) a fixed-price contract, and (3) a value-added contract.

true

Time and arrangements types of outsourcing contracts would be preferred when the client and the outsourcer have difficulty specifying the work required to complete the project.

true

Every sequence diagram must be associated to a(n) _______________ in the use-case diagram.

use case

To avoid the classic design mistake of "reducing the design time," the analyst should ________________________________.

use time boxing