Chapter 7 PLQs
How many named bones are found in the adult human skeleton?
206
In the diagram, where is the foramen magnum? a) C b) D c) G d) H e) I
A- External occipital protuberance B- Mastoid process C- Styloid process D- Occipital condyle E- Superior nuchal line F- Inferior nuchal line G- Foramen magnum H- Horizontal plate of palatine bone I- Palatine process of maxilla
In the diagram, where is the inferior nuchal line?
A- External occipital protuberance B- Mastoid process C- Styloid process D- Occipital condyle E- Superior nuchal line F- Inferior nuchal line G- Foramen magnum H- Horizontal plate of palatine bone I- Palatine process of maxilla
In the diagram, where is the mastoid process? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) G
A- External occipital protuberance B- Mastoid process C- Styloid process D- Occipital condyle E- Superior nuchal line F- Inferior nuchal line G- Foramen magnum H- Horizontal plate of palatine bone I- Palatine process of maxilla
In the diagram, where is the superior nuchal line? a) A b) E c) F d) H e) I
A- External occipital protuberance B- Mastoid process C- Styloid process D- Occipital condyle E- Superior nuchal line F- Inferior nuchal line G- Foramen magnum H- Horizontal plate of palatine bone I- Palatine process of maxilla
In the diagram, where is the ethmoid bone? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
A- Frontal bone B- Parietal bone C- Sphenoid bone D- Ethmoid bone E- Lacrimal bone F- Vomer G- Nasal bone H- Zygomatic bone I - Maxilla J- Mandible
In the diagram, where is the lacrimal bone? a) E b) F c) G d) H e) I
A- Frontal bone B- Parietal bone C- Sphenoid bone D- Ethmoid bone E- Lacrimal bone F- Vomer G- Nasal bone H- Zygomatic bone I - Maxilla J- Mandible
In the diagram, where is the temporal bone? a) A b) B c) C d) G e) None of the selections are correct
A- Frontal bone B- Parietal bone C- Sphenoid bone D- Ethmoid bone E- Lacrimal bone F- Vomer G- Nasal bone H- Zygomatic bone I - Maxilla J- Mandible
In the diagram, where is the vomer?a) D b) E c) F d) I e) J
A- Frontal bone B- Parietal bone C- Sphenoid bone D- Ethmoid bone E- Lacrimal bone F- Vomer G- Nasal bone H- Zygomatic bone I - Maxilla J- Mandible
In the diagram, where is the zygomatic bone? a) G b) H c) I d) J e) None of these answer choices are correct.
A- Frontal bone B- Parietal bone C- Sphenoid bone D- Ethmoid bone E- Lacrimal bone F- Vomer G- Nasal bone H- Zygomatic bone I - Maxilla J- Mandible
In the diagram, which bone articulates with every other bone of the face except the mandible? a) F b) G c) H d) I e) J
A- Frontal bone B- Parietal bone C- Sphenoid bone D- Ethmoid bone E- Lacrimal bone F- Vomer G- Nasal bone H- Zygomatic bone I - Maxilla J- Mandible
In the diagram, which bone forms the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) G
A- Frontal bone B- Parietal bone C- Sphenoid bone D- Ethmoid bone E- Lacrimal bone F- Vomer G- Nasal bone H- Zygomatic bone I - Maxilla J- Mandible
In the diagram, where is the nasal bone? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
A- Internal auditory meatus B- Hypoglossal canal C- Pterygold processes D- Nasal bone E- Palatine bone
In the diagram, where is the palatine bone? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
A- Internal auditory meatus B- Hypoglossal canal C- Pterygold processes D- Nasal bone E- Palatine bone
In the diagram, where is the pterygoid process? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
A- Internal auditory meatus B- Hypoglossal canal C- Pterygold processes D- Nasal bone E- Palatine bone
In the diagram, where is the ethmoid bone? a) J b) K c) G d) H e) I
A- Parietal bone B- Temporal bone C- Occipital bone D- Frontal bone E- Sphenoid bone F- Zygomatic bone G- Ethmoid bone H- Lacrimal bone I- Nasal bone J- Mastoid process K- Styloid Process
In the diagram, where is the mastoid process? a) J b) K c) G d) H e) I
A- Parietal bone B- Temporal bone C- Occipital bone D- Frontal bone E- Sphenoid bone F- Zygomatic bone G- Ethmoid bone H- Lacrimal bone I- Nasal bone J- Mastoid process K- Styloid Process
In the diagram, where is the styloid process? a) J b) K c) G d) H e) I
A- Parietal bone B- Temporal bone C- Occipital bone D- Frontal bone E- Sphenoid bone F- Zygomatic bone G- Ethmoid bone H- Lacrimal bone I- Nasal bone J- Mastoid process K- Styloid Process
In the diagram, which bone includes the foramen magnum? a) B b) C c) D d) F e) G
A- Parietal bone B- Temporal bone C- Occipital bone D- Frontal bone E- Sphenoid bone F- Zygomatic bone G- Ethmoid bone H- Lacrimal bone I- Nasal bone J- Mastoid process K- Styloid Process
In the diagram, which bone is considered the keystone of the cranial floor? a) E b) B c) G d) H e) I
A- Parietal bone B- Temporal bone C- Occipital bone D- Frontal bone E- Sphenoid bone F- Zygomatic bone G- Ethmoid bone H- Lacrimal bone I- Nasal bone J- Mastoid process K- Styloid Process
In the diagram, where is the foramen ovale? a) C b) D c) E d) F e) G
A- Vomer B- Sphemoid bone C- Foramen ovale D- Mandibular fossa E- Stylomastoid foramen F- Foramen magnum G- External occipital protuberan
In the diagram, where is the crista galli? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) None of these answer choices are correct.
A- Vomer B- Sphemoid bone C- Foramen ovale D- Mandibular fossa E- Stylomastoid foramen F- Foramen magnum G- External occipital protuberance
In the diagram, where is the mandibular fossa? a) B b) C c) D d) E e) F
A- Vomer B- Sphemoid bone C- Foramen ovale D- Mandibular fossa E- Stylomastoid foramen F- Foramen magnum G- External occipital protuberance
What is inflammation of one or more costal cartilage called?
Costochondritis
This cranial bone is anterior to the sphenoid and posterior to the nasal bones. It contains foramina for the olfactory cranial nerve.
Ethmoid
Which bone of the axial skeleton does NOT articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid
This facial bone articulates with teeth.
Maxillae
These projections found on both sides of the foramen magnum articulate with depressions on the first cervical vertebrae.
Occipital condyles
What bone marking found on the second cervical vertebra projects superiorly into the anterior portion of the vertebral foramen of the atlas?
Odontoid process
The branch of medicine that deals with correction of disorders of the musculoskeletal system is called...
Orthopedics
Briefly describe the bones that make up the orbit of the eye. Include a description of the portion of the orbit formed by each bone.
Parts of the frontal and sphenoid bones comprise the roof of the orbit. Parts of the zygomatic and sphenoid bones form the lateral wall of the orbit. Parts of the maxilla, zygomatic and palatine bones make up the floor of the orbit. Parts of the maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones form the medial wall of the orbit.
Which cranial bone is called the "keystone" of the cranial floor because it articulates with every other cranial bone?
Sphenoid
Joe was found dead. His hyoid bone was broken. What was the most likely cause of death?
Strangulation
These cranial bones contain the organs of hearing and balance, and articulate with the mandible.
Temporal
These cranial bones form the inferior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial floor.
Temporal
Briefly describe the location of the four most prominent sutures of the skull including the articulating bones.
The coronal suture unites the frontal bone and both parietal bones. The sagittal suture unites the two parietal bones on the superior midline of the skull. The lambdoid suture unites the two parietal bones to the occipital bone. The squamous sutures unite the parietal and temporal bones on the lateral aspects of the skull.
Briefly describe the function of the fontanels.
The fontanels are important in allowing flexibility during childbirth and allow brain growth after birth.
Briefly describe the five categories of bones found in the human body based on the shape of the bones.
The human body contains five types of bones based on shape. Long bones have greater length than width and consist of a shaft and a variable number of extremities. Short bones are somewhat cube-shaped because they are nearly equal in length and width. Flat bones are generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bones tissue enclosing a layer of spongy bone tissue. Irregular bones have complex shapes and cannot be grouped into any of the previous categories. Sesamoid bones develop in certain tendons where there is considerable friction, tension and physical stress and are shaped similarly to a sesame seed.
Briefly describe the function of the paranasal sinuses.
The sinuses lighten the skull and contain a mucous membrane lining that helps moisten and clean inspired air. The sinus also aid in enhancing the quality of the voice by acting as resonating chambers.
Briefly describe the six fontanels of the infant skull including their location, shape and time of closure.
The unpaired anterior fontanel is located at the midline between the two parietal bones and the frontal bone. It is roughly diamond shaped and is the largest fontanel. It usually closes 18-24 months after birth. The unpaired posterior fontanel is located at the midline between the two parietal bones and the occipital bone. It is smaller than the anterior fontanel and closes about 2 months after birth. The paired anterolateral fontanels are located laterally between the frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones and are smaller in shape. They close about 3 months after birth. The paired posterolateral fontanels are located laterally between the parietal, occipital and temporal bones and are irregularly shaped. They begin to close 1 to 2 months after birth, but closure is not complete until 12 months.
List and describe the number of bones found in all the regions of the adult vertebral column.
There are seven cervical vertebrae in the neck region. There are twelve thoracic vertebrae posterior to the thoracic cavity. The five lumbar vertebrae support the lower back. There is one sacrum consisting of five fused sacral vertebrae. There is one coccyx (tail bone) consisting of four fused coccygeal vertebrae.
What is the purpose of the nucleus pulposus region of intervertebral discs?
To help absorb vertical shock to the spinal column
In the diagram, which bone is the flat bone? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
a) A Long bone b) B Short bone c) C flat bone d) D Irregular bone e) E Sesamoid bone
In the diagram, which bone is the short bone? a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E
a) A Long bone b) B Short bone c) C flat bone d) D Irregular bone e) E Sesamoid bone
Bones in the following area protect the brain. a) Cranium b) Vertebral column c) Sacrum d) Face e) Ribcage
a) Cranium
Which of the following types of bone is the femur? a) Long bone b) Short bone c) Flat bone d) Irregular bone e) Sesamoid bone
a) Long bone
Which of the following is NOT a facial bone? a) Parietal b) Nasal c) Maxillae d) Zygomatic e) Palatine
a) Parietal
The primary function of the transverse and spinal processes of vertebrae is...
attachment site for muscle tendons and ligaments.
Which of the vertebrae listed below would be the largest and strongest vertebra in adult humans? a) C5 b) L4 c) T4 d) C7 e) T12
b) L4
The mastoid process... a) is a rounded projection of the parietal bones. b) is the point of attachment for several neck muscles. c) is anterior to the external auditory meatus. d) is both is a rounded projection of the parietal bones and the point of attachment for several neck muscles. e) All of these answer choices are correct.
b) is the point of attachment for several neck muscles.
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Which following types of bone is the occipital bone? a) Long bone b) Short bone c) Flat bone d) Irregular bone e) Sesamoid bone
c) Flat bone
Which of the following statements is NOT true? a) The axial skeleton has 80 bones. b) The appendicular skeleton has 126 bones. c) The axial skeleton is composed of the bones that run through the axis of the body. d) Children have more bones than adults. e) The appendicular skeleton does not include the pelvic and pectoral girdles.
c) The axial skeleton is composed of the bones that run through the axis of the body.
Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to bones of the skull? a) Some skull bones are covered with a mucous membrane. b) The only movable bone in the skull is the mandible. c) The bones of the skull contain foramina but no fissures. d) The facial bones provide support for the entrance of the digestive system. e) Some bones of the skull contain sinus cavities.
c) The bones of the skull contain foramina but no fissures.
Which of the following is NOT true of surface markings on bone? a) They allow the passage of nerves and blood vessels. b) They provide sites of attachment for muscles. c) They allow bones to shorten or lengthen. d) They help form joints. e) They can be depressions or projections.
c) They allow bones to shorten or lengthen.
A prominent ridge or elongated projection on a bone is called a...
crest
Which of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton? a) Hyoid b) Ribs c) Vertebrae d) Carpals e) Sternum
d) Carpals
Which of the following bones is NOT visible from the anterior view of the skull? a) Parietal b) Frontal c) Mandible d) Occipital e) Maxilla
d) Occipital
Which of the following is NOT a facial bone? a) Vomer b) Palatine c) Lacrimal d) Occipital e) Mandible
d) Occipital
Which of following facial bones is a single (unpaired) bone in the adult human skull? a) maxilla b) nasal c) lacrimal d) mandible e) zygomatic
d) mandible
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton? a) Tarsals b) Tibia c) Sphenoid d) Scapula e) Clavicle
e) Clavicle
Which following types of bones comprise the ankles and wrists? a) Long bone b) Sutural bone c) Irregular bone d) Sesamoid bone e) Short bone
e) Short bone
Which of the following cranial bones are paired bones in the human skull? a) temporal b) parietal c) sphenoid d) ethmoid e) more than one selection is correct
e) more than one selection is correct (a) temporal & b) parietal)
An opening or hole in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves and ligaments pass is called a...
foramen
The tube-like passageway found in the temporal bone that allows sound waves to reach the eardrum is an example of which of the following bone surface markings?
fossa
A rounded articular projection supported on a constricted portion (neck) of a bone is called a...
head
The inferior articular processes of the fifth sacral vertebrae that are found on either side of the sacral hiatus are called...
sacral cornua
The hyoid bone is suspended by ligaments and muscle that extend from the _______ of the temporal bone.
styloid process
The tubercle found on the neck of a rib articulates with a facet found on the...
transverse process of a thoracic vertebra
Ribs that have costal cartilage that attaches directly to the sternum are called...
true ribs
