CHAPTER 7 REVIEW

The main function of vitamin E in the body is to act as a(n)

ANTIOXIDANT

A DEFICIENCY IN VITAMIN B12 IS DUE TO INADEQUATE INTAKE OF THE VITAMIN

FALSE

A DIET LOW IN FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS WILL RESULT IN A MORE RAPID ONSET OF DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS THAN ONE LOW IN WOTER SOLUBLE VITAMINS

FALSE

BETA-CAROTENE FOUND IN MANY ANIMAL SOURCES IS A PRECURSOR TO VITAMIN A

FALSE

EXCESSIVE SUN EXPOSURE CAN CAUSE VITAMIN D TOXICITY

FALSE

HIGH INTAKES OF B6, B12, AND FOLATE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER LEVELS OF HOMOCYSTEINE AND A LOWER RISK OF BLOOD CLOT FORMATION

FALSE

HUMAN POPULATION STUDIES OVERWHELMINGLY CONFIRM THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BREAST CANCER AND DIETARY FAT INTAKE

FALSE

MULTIVITAMIN TABLET OVERDOSES ARE ONE OF THE TOP CAUSES OF ACCIDENTAL DEATH IN YOUNGSTERS

FALSE

RESEARCH HAS PROVEN THAT THE COMMON COLD CAN BE PREVENTED BY INCREASING INTAKE OF VITAMIN C

FALSE

RISK FACTORS FOR COLON CANCER INCLUDE A HIGH FIBER INTAKE AND LOW RED MEAT INTAKE

FALSE

SOME OF THE VITAMINS SERVE AS SOURCES OF ENERGY

FALSE

TAKEN REGULARLY, VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS ARE THE BEST WAY TO OBTAIN BABLANCED NUTRITION

FALSE

VEGETABLES IN THE CRUCIFEROUS FAMILY INCLUDE CARROTS, SWEET POTATOES, AND CORN

FALSE

VITAMIN A IS WATER SOLUBLE AND FOUND IN THE NON FAT PART OF THE MILK

FALSE

VITAMIN K AND B6 PLAY KEY ROLES IN THE FORMATION OF HEALTHY RED BLOOD CELLS

FALSE

VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS CAN HELP REDUCE STRESS, DECREASE FATIGUE, AND INCREASE ENERGY

FALSE

WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS ARE MORE STABLE DURING PREPARATION AND COOKING THAN FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS

FALSE

WHEN PURCHASING A VITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENT, LOOK FOR ONE THAT CONTAINS AT LEAST 150 PERCENT OF THE DAILY VALUE FOR EACH NUTRIENT

FALSE

THE REPLACEMENT OF RED BLOOD CELLS DEPENDS MOST HEAVILY ON

FOLATE

TOXIC COMPOUNDS CREATED IN THE BODY THAT MAY CONTRIBUTE TO CERTAIN CHRONIC DISEASES ARE CALLED

FREE RADICALS

FOLIC ACID IS ADDED TO ___ IN ORDER TO REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS

GRAIN PRODUCTS

IS THERE ANYTHING THAT MICHAEL NEEDS TO DO TO DECREASE HIS RISK OF CANCER

INCORPORATE REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

REGULAR CONSUMPTION OF CAROTENOID-RICH VEGETABLES SUCH AS BETA-CAROTENE MAY DELAY OR PREVENT MACULAR DEGENERATION

TRUE

RESEARCH SUGGESTS THAT DIET MAY PLAY A ROLE IN INITIATING CANCER, SPEEDING ITS DEVELOPMENT, OR PREVENTING CANCER

TRUE

THE DISEASE PELLAGRA IS CHARACTERIZED BY DIARRHEA, DERMATITIS, AND, IN SEVERE CASES, DEMENTIA

TRUE

THE PRIMARY FUNCTION OF VITAMIN D IS THE REGULATION OF THE USE OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS WITHIN THE BODY

TRUE

THE VITAMINS C, D, AND K ARE ALL ACTIVELY INVOLVED IN BONE HEALTH AND MAINTENANCE

TRUE

VEGETARIANS HAVE A LOWER RISK OF DEVELOPING CCANCER

TRUE

VITAMINS PROMOTE GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION AND HELP MAINTAIN HEALTH

TRUE

When the diet is adequate in protein, the body can synthesize niacin from which amino acid?

TRYPTOPHAN

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A FAT SOLUBLE VITAMIN

VITAMIN C

___ PLAYS A KEY ROLE IN BLOOD CLOTTING

VITAMIN K

CHOLINE IS

a conditionally essential nutrient

Which of the following is not noted as a group that may benefit from taking a multivitamin mineral supplement under guidance of a physician or dietician

a person approaching age 65

A general function of vitamin C is its action as a(n)

antioxidant

Phytochemicals have several different modes of action. Those with ___ protect cells from damage

antioxidant properties

Donna read that cruciferous vegetables may reduce the incidence of cancer at several sites. Which dish is a good source of a cruciferous vegetable

broccoli slaw

Donna can lower her risk of skin cancer by consuming foods high in beta-carotene such as _____.

cantaloupe

What factor is classified as a cancer initiator

cigarette smoke

Vitamin A toxicity is most likely to occur from

consuming high dose vitamin A supplements

What recommendation helps minimize the loss of vitamins that occur as a result of improper food handling

cook vegetables in a microwave oven in as little water as possible

Which vitamins work with vitamin K and vitamin B6 to maintain blood health

folate and B12

A reliable source of vitamin D in the diet is

fortified milk

Vitamin E is

found mostly in vegetable oils

Which food group is the best source of vitamin C

fruit group

What factor is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer

high intake of calories

The National Cancer Institute estimates that about 85% of all cancers are associated with

lifestyle factors and environmental exposure

All women of child bearing age are advised to get adequate folate to prevent cases of

neural tube defects

What vitamin has been shown to reduce LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol when taken in doses 10-15 times the RDA

niacin

What is not a factor that one should consider when choosing a supplement to purchase

price

Which of the following is not a task that vitamins perform in the body

provide energy

Milk is sold in protective cardboard or opaque plastic containers rather than in transparent glass bottles to minimize the loss of

riboflavin

What food is an unlikely source of beta-carotene

romaine lettuce

The effects of a deficiency of vitamin D are most readily observed in the

skeletal system

Isoflavones are phytochemical found in ___.

soy products

The main function of vitamin D is

supporting bone mineralization

Which food is a good source of the vitamin A precursor, beta-carotene

sweet potatoes

High blood levels of homocysteine:

tend to be associated with low blood levels of vitamin b12, vitamin b6, and folate

One of the functions of vitamin C in the body is

to function in collagen formation

Riboflavin is destroyed by

ultraviolet light

What vitamin deficiency is associated with night blindness

vitamin A

The vitamin most intensively involved in protein metabolism is

vitamin B6

An elderly individual who cannot leave the house is at risk of a ___ deficiency

vitamin D

Which vitamin works with vitamin C to squelch free radicals before they injure the body

vitamin E

Newborns are given an injection of ___ to prevent the possibility of a life threatening hemorrhage

vitamin K

___ can be synthesized by good bacteria in the intestinal tract

vitamin K

AT HER SISTER'S SUMMER BARBEQUE, DONNA LOOKS OVER AT THE MEATS ON THE TABLE TO DECIDE WHICH MEAT TO CHOOSE. IN LIEU OF HER CONCERNS ABOUT CANCER RISK, WHAT MEAT WOULD BE HER BEST CHOICE

ROASTED TURKEY

___ is the vitamin D deficiency in children

Rickets

Excesses of the fat-soluble vitamins are:

STORED IN THE LIVER AND IN BODY FAT

___ CAN LEAD TO A DEFICIENCY IN VITAMIN K

TAKING ANTIBIOTICS

Lycopene, found in ___, may help reduce the risk of___.

TOMATOES, PROSTATE CANCER

BECAUSE EXCESSES ARE STORED IN THE LIVER AND FATTY TISSUES, IT IS POSSIBLE FOR MEGADOSES OF FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS TO BUILD UP TO TOXIC LEVELS

TRUE

EXCLUDING AN ENTIRE FOOD GROUP MAY LEAD TO VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES OVER TIME

TRUE

HERBAL SUPPLEMENTS ARE UNREGULATED AND POSSIBLY UNSAFE

TRUE

LOW VITAMIN K BLOOD LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER RISK OF HIP FRACTURES IN OLDER WOMEN

TRUE

PHYTOCHEMICALS IN FOOD ARE SUPERIOR TO THE PHYTOCHEMICALS FOUND IN SUPPLEMENTS

TRUE

The body can store as much as a ___ supply of vitamin A in the body

1 year

Which statement best describes B vitamins

B vitamins become part of coenzymes

The inability of the stomach to produce enough acid can lead to a ___ deficiency

B12

BECAUSE ___ ARE WIDESPREAD IN FOODS, PEOPLE WHO EAT A VARIED DIET ARE NOT AT RISK FOR DEFICIENCIES OF THESE VITAMINS

BIOTIN AND PANTOTHENIC ACID

INDIVIDUALS WHO ___ ARE AT HIGH RISK FOR A DEFICIENCY OF VITAMIN B12

LACK INTRINSIC FACTOR

STRICT VEGETARIANS ARE AT RISK OF DEVELOPING A VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY BECAUSE

ONLY ANIMAL FOODS CONTAIN SUFFICIENT AMOUNTS OF THE VITAMIN

___ is the vitamin D deficiency disease in adults

Osteomalacia

___ IS THE DEFICIENCY DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH NIACIN

PELLAGRA

which herb is mismatched with its purported use?

Psyllium- improves memory

Donna is surprised to learn that despite a family history lof cancer, there is still a lot she can do to prevent cancer and lower her risk. Which is not a lifestyle behavior that can reduce her cancer risk

don't worry about energy intake

What would you recommend to someone who wants to make sure her intake is close to the RDA for all vitamins

eat a variety of all food groups daily

Thiamin is involved in:

energy release from carbohydrates

Excess intake of water-soluble vitamins are typically

excreted in the urine