CHAPTER 7 SKELETON

Which section of the spinal column is naturally slightly lordotic? a. the thoracic spine b. the lumbar spine c. the junction point of the lumbar spine with the pelvis d. the cervical spine

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Paranasal sinuses are found in which of these facial bones? a. Maxillae b. Vomer c. Nasal conchae d. Zygomatic bones

a. Maxillae

What is the primary function of the axial skeleton? a. Provide central support for the body (mainly the appendages) and protect internal organs b. Provide an attachment point for the muscles that allow movement c. give the body resilience and flexibility d. provide a space for the major digestive organs.

a. Provide CENTRAL support for the body (mainly the appendages) and protect internal organs Your axial skeleton is the CENTRAL part of you body.

The primary function of the intervertebral discs is to ___?___. a. absorb shock b. prevent hyperextension of the spine c. prevent pinching of the spinal cord d. string the vertebrae together

a. absorb shock Intervertebral discs are made up of fibrocartilage.

Thoracic vertebrae differ from the other vertebrae in that they have ___?___. a. costal facets b. no intervertebral discs c. transverse foramina d. no transverse process

a. costal facets These facets articulate with the heads of the corresponding ribs.

The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are called ___?___. a. fontanelles b. sutures c. foramina d. areolas

a. fontanelles

which bone acts as a moveable base (attachment point) for the tongue? a. hyoid b. palatine c. mandible d. zygomatic

a. hyoid

Which os the following abnormal curves is often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to maintain their center of gravity as the baby expands anteriorly? a. lordosis b. hunchback c. kyphosis d. scoliosis

a. lordosis Lordosis is the curving inward of the lower back. in the lumbar region (lower region)

The coronal suture connects ___?___ bone(s) to the ___?___ bone(s). a. parietal/frontal b. temporal/parietal c. occipital/temporal d. occipital/parietal

a. parietal/frontal

Which of these bones contains diaphysis and epiphysis areas, a tuberosity near its middle, and more compact than spongy bone? a. the humerus b. the parietal bone c. the cervical vertebrae d. the talus

a. the humerus Epiphysis is related to spongy bone and diaphysis is related to compact bone.

What makes up the axial skeleton? a. the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage b. the arms, legs, hands, and feet c. the arms, legs, hands, feet, pelvic, and shoulder girdles d. the skull, vertebral column, and pelvis

a. the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage

The "true wrist", or carpus, consists of___?___. a. The phalanges b. Eight short bones connected by ligaments c. The metacarpals d. The styloid processes of the radius and ulna

b. Eight short bones connected by ligaments

The ___?___ forms the largest portion of the coxal bone. a. femur b. ilium c. pubis d. ischium

b. Ilium Ilium: Large flaring bone forming the major portion of the coxal bone.

Which vertebrae does NOT have a body? a. The last lumbar, L5 b. atlas c. the last cervical, C7 d. Axis

b. atlas Atlas holds the head while the axis allows it to move (rotate)

The pelvic girdle does NOT include the ___?___. a. ischium b. femur c. pubis d. ilium

b. femur

Where would you find the acetabulum? a. on the end of the ulna b. in the pelvis c. at the base of the skull d. as part of the shoulder girdle

b. in the pelvis Acetabulum is the socket of the hip bone

The ethmoid bone is composed of all the following EXCEPT the ___?___. a. superior nasal concha b. inferior nasal concha c. crista galli d. cribriform plate

b. inferior nasal concha

The occipitomastoid suture connects the ___?___ bone(s) to the ___?___ bone(s). a. temporal/parietal b. occipital/temporal c. occipital/parietal d. right parietal/left parietal

b. occipital/temporal

Why is scoliosis considered to be the most serious spinal curvature abnormality? a. it may indicate a vitamin D deficiency that left untreated will affect other bones b. pressure is placed on internal organs, especially on the longs. c. it is often caused by tuberculosis d. It is associated with potbellies or excess overweight carried in front of the body

b. pressure is placed on internal organs, especially on the longs.

Which of the following is TRUE about paranasal sinuses? Paranasal sinuses ___?___. a. open into the oral cavity b. probably act to enhance the resonance of the voice while also making the skull lighter c. contain passages acting as one-way values d. are found in maxillary, ethmoid, and lacrimal bones.

b. probably act to enhance the resonance of the voice while also making the skull lighter These the cavities and offer a lot less bone. With these the skull will be lighter. May have to do with the resonance of you voice (ie. when you get sick and your sound deeper)

The sagittal suture connects the ___?___ bone(s) to the ___?___ bone(s). a. parietal/frontal b. right/left parietal c. occipital/temporal d. occipital/parietal e. temporal/parietal

b. right/left parietal

Which bone is also known as the "keystone" on the cranium? a. frontal b. sphenoid c. ethmoid d. frontal

b. sphenoid Sphenoid is called the 'keystone' of the cranial floor because it is in contact with all of the other cranial bones.

Which part of the vertebral column carries the greatest load? a. the thoracic b. the lumbar c. the sacrum d. the cervical vertebrae

b. the lumbar

Which of the following phrases best describes the function of the vertebral curves? a. they accommodate the weight of the pelvic girdle b. they provide resilience and flexibility, while allowing a mechanism for counterbalancing weight shifts as a person moves. c. they provide locations to attach muscles and organs d. they keep the head upright

b. the provide resilience and flexibility, while allowing a mechanism for counterbalancing weight shifts as a person moves.

What is the purpose of the fontanelles in a baby's skull? a. they dissipate pressure in the womb, for instance when a pregnant woman bends over. b. they allow the head to be compressed during delivery while still allowing the cranial bones to grow. c. they become the scalp of the baby d. they provide a template for bone growth.

b. they allow the head to be compressed during delivery while still allowing the cranial bones to grow.

The lateral condyle of the femur articulates with the lateral condyle of the ___?___. a. pubis b. tibia c. fibula d. ischium

b. tibia

4. Only the ___?___ vertebrae have transverse foramina. a. Sacral b. Thoracic c. Cervical d. Lumbar

c. Cervical Transverse formina are the holes next to the transverse process and only the thoracic vertebrae have it.

2. Axis, C2, has an unusual feature found on no other vertebra called the ___?___ that allows you to rotate your head (as in saying no). a. Transverse process b. Transverse foramen c. Dens d. Body

c. Dens The dens serves as the pivot point

Which of the following bones is NOT weight bearing? a. femur b. fibula c. tibia d. talus

c. Fibula The smaller bone. Attached next to the tibia.

The styloid process of the ___?___ points to the thumb. a. ulna b. trapezoid c. radius d. trapezium

c. Radius RADIUS IS THUMB SIDE.

The heel bone is called the ___?___. a. navicular b. cuboid c. calcaneus d. talus

c. calcaneus

The superior nasal concha is part of which bone? a. vomer b. maxilla c. ethmoid d. sphenoid

c. ethmoid Ethmoid contains superior nasal concha, crista galli, and cribriform plate.

Where would you find the glenoid cavity? a. in the pelvis b. in the pubis c. in the scapula d. on the humerus

c. in the scapula

Which portion of the fibula articulate with the talus? a. head b. calcaneus c. lateral malleolus d. medial malleolus

c. lateral malleolus

The superior orbital issue is formed in the sphenoid bone, whereas the inferior orbital fissure is formed between the sphenoid and the ___?___. a. palatine b. ethmoid c. maxilla d. lacrimal

c. maxilla

The lambdoid suture connects the ___?___ bone(s) to the ___?___ bone(s). a. Right parietal/left parietal b. parietal/frontal c. occipital/parietal d. temporal/parietal

c. occipital/parietal

The hyoid bone is unique because it is the ___?___ . a. Composed of three bones fused together. b. only bone in the body that does not articulate with any other bone. c. only bone formed by the fusion of a right and left half. d. only irregular bone found in the neck.

c. only bone formed by the fusion of a right and left half.

What part of the ethmoid forms the superior part of the nasal septum? a. cribriform plate b. orbital plate c. perpendicular plate d. crista galli

c. perpendicular plate

Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in thoracic region? a. scoliosis b. lordosis c. kyphosis d. hunchback

c. scoliosis Scoliosis is the sideways curvature of the spine. In the thoracic region (middle region)

The pituitary gland is house in the ___?___. a. vomer b. sinuses of the ethmoid c. sella turcica of the sphenoid bone d. foramen lacerum

c. sella turcica of the sphenoid bone Sella tunica hold the pituitary gland which is the major endocrine gland. Controls growth and development

Which of the following is NOT a movement that can occur between vertebrae? a. rotation b. lateral flexion c. supination d. flexion and extension

c. supination the opposite of pronation and refers to the outward roll of the foot during normal motion

Which bone forms the prominence of the cheek (the "cheekbone")? a. temporal bone b. sphenoid bone c. zygomatic bone d. maxillae

c. zygomatic bone

Along with support, the anterior ligament of the vertebral column also acts to ___?___. a. hold the discs in place. b. protect the spinal cord. c. Hold the spine erect. d. Prevent hyperextension of the spine.

d. Prevent hyperextension of the spine.

3. How are the thoracic vertebrae, 11 and 12 different from other thoracic vertebrae? a. There are two foramina on 11 and 12, while the others have one. b. The orientation of the articular processes is different. c. The spinous processes are short and thick, more closely resembling the lumbar vertebrae that they abut. d. The transverse processed do not have facets that articulate with tubercles of the ribs.

d. The transverse processed do not have facets that articulate with tubercles of the ribs.

Why does driving a vehicle all day or sitting at a desk typing on the computer lead to back pain? Reaching forward for long periods of time pulls the spine into ___?___. a. lordosis b. scoliosis c. compression d. kyphosis

d. kyphosis it is the forward rounding of the back.

Which bone is in direct contact with the FIRST metatarsal? a. lateral cuneiform b. calcaneus c. cuboid d. medial cuneiform

d. medial cuneiform

Why is the area just distal to the tubercles of the humerus called the surgical neck? it is the area of the humerus ___?___. a. the surgeons like to grasp to give them mechanical advantages when opening the chest for open heart surgery. b. where bone marrow is out commonly extracted. c. that looks like a surgical tool d. most commonly fractured.

d. most commonly fractured. When elder people fracture a hip, this is usually the spot

The largest foramen in the body is the ___?___. a. Optic canal b. foramen rotundum c. foramen magnum d. obturator foreman

d. obturator foreman It is the largest foramen (opening). It is located in the hipbone between the pubis and ischium.

The antebrachium is composed of which of the following two bones? a. Humerus and radius b. scapula and clavicle c. humerus and clavicle d. radius and ulna

d. radius and ulna Ante brachia is the forearm

The squamosal suture connects the ___?___ bone(s) to the ___?___ bone(s). a. parietal/frontal b. right/left parietal c. occipital/temporal d. occipital/parietal e. temporal/parietal

e. temporal/parietal