Chapter 7

Stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall are commonly prescribed to treat

ADHD

Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body?

They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters

People with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug, will experience

both tolerance and withdrawal

People with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug, will experience

both tolerance and withdrawal.

Marijuana smoke and tobacco smoke both contain dangerous substances known as

carcinogens

When drugs activate the brain's pleasure circuit, what neurotransmitter is involved?

dopamine

Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is

drug misuse

lisa is aware that her best friend, kim, has a drinking problem. lisa continually makes excuses for her and often completes kim's homework to protect her from flunking out of school. Lisa's behavior is an example of

enabling

David spends four hours a day lifting weights and is at the point of obsession about his fitness routine to the extent that he will miss classes and outings with friends so he can go to the gym. He most likely suffers from which of the following disorders?

exercise addiction

Psychological dependence, which involves feelings of well-being or euphoria, is completely separate from physiological dependence on a substance.

false

according to the cycle of psychological addiction, substance use is usually a direct consequence of loss of control

false

mikael is attempting to reduce his caffeine consumption. which of the following drinks that he consumers daily has the highest amount of caffeine per serving?

gourmet coffee

herion has a

high potential for addiction and no accepted medical use.

marijuana today is

much more potent than it was in the 1960s

Opioids are also called

narcotics

According to research, each of the following factors increases the risk of substance abuse among students EXCEPT

participation in college sports

Among American adults, the second most commonly abused type of drug, after marijuana, is

prescription drugs.

Marijuana use presents clear dangers to those driving motor vehicles (as well as others on the road) because it

slows reaction time and impedes decision making.

The interaction of two or more drugs in which the effects of the individual drugs are compounded or multiplied is

synergism

A synergistic drug interaction can be dangerous or even deadly.

true

the excessive use of a drug is

abuse

The interaction of two or more drugs at the same receptor site in which one blocks the action of the other is

antagonism

The most popular form of LSD is

blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed.

Jason doesn't see that his addiction to heroin is self-destructive. He is experiencing

denial

The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance is known as

detoxification

a large dose of cocaine can cause

increased heart rate and blood pressure

Long-term effects of marijuana include all the following EXCEPT

increased production of testosterone in males.

mescaline

is derived from a cactus.

ecstasy is a stimulant and a(n)

mild hallucinogen

using a nicotine patch for smoking cessation is an example of which route of administration

transdermal

Exercise addicts turn to exercise in an attempt to meet needs for nurturance, self-esteem, etc.

true

Mescaline, in the form of dried peyote buttons, has long been used for religious purposes by people native to the southwestern United States and Latin America.

true

Prescription drug abuse has increased dramatically among college students over the past 10 years.

true

Which of the following is TRUE about psilocybin?

It can cause hallucinations.

The development of a tolerance to one drug that reduces the effects of another similar drug is

cross-tolerance

the fastest-acting method of injection is

intravenous

Endorphins are hormones that act as "the body's own opioids" in their ability to reduce pain and produce feelings of well-being.

true

Withdrawal and tolerance are key aspects of addiction.

true

Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is

using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.