Chapter 7

Hypocalcemia

A deficiency of calcium in the blood.

Estrogen

A deficiency of this hormone often underlies osteoporosis.

Epiphyseal line

A person stops growing in height when closure of the __________ occurs around 18-20 years of age.

Ligament

A tendon connects a muscle to a bone, whereas a _______ connects one bone to another.

Osteomalacia

Abnormal softening of bone in adults.

Osteoblasts

Cells called __________ deposit matrix at the surface of a bone.

Osteogenic cells

Forerunners of osteocytes

Comminuted

Fracture in which a bone is broken into several fragments.

Vitamin D

Produced by the action of ultraviolet radiation on cholesterol.

Osteoid

Soft tissue that is an early stage of intramembranous ossification.

Cranium

Sutural (wormian) bones are found in some adults between the major bones of the __________.

Collagen

The ___________ in bone resists tension and usually prevents a bone from shattering under stress.

Epiphysis

The head of a long bone is called its ___________.

Endosteum

The medullary cavity of a bone is lined by a fibrous connective tissue membrane called the ____________.

Periosteum

The sheath of a bone to which a tendon is attached

Thyroid

The source of calcitonin.

Adipose tissue

Yellow bone marrow consists mainly of this.

Red

___________ bone marrow becomes less widespread as a child becomes an adult.