Chapter 7&8 reveiws

4.00 moles of sodium have a mass of

92.0 g

In deoxygenated blood, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is greater than the partial pressure of oxygen left

True

A barometer is a device for measuring ________.

atmospheric pressure

The temperature is changed from 50 °C to -150 °C at constant pressure

balloon A

According to the kinetic theory of gases, a gas can be compressed much more than a liquid or solid because

the particles of a gas are very far apart.

Vapor pressure can be described as

the pressure exerted by a gas above the surface of its liquid.

In any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is

the same.

According to Avogadro's law

the volume of a gas is directly related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.

According to Boyle's, when volume increases, pressure decreases.

true

Gas law calculations normally require the use of the Kelvin temperature scale.

true

At STP, how many moles of helium gas would occupy 1.00 L?

0.0446 moles

How many moles of K2SO4 are in 15.0 g of K2SO4 ?

0.0861 moles

The volume of a gas with a pressure of 1.2 atm increases from 1.0 L to 4.0 L. What is the final pressure of the gas, assuming no change in moles or temperature?

0.30 atm

The volume of a gas with an initial pressure of 380 mmHg atm increases from 5.0 L to 8.0 L. What is the final pressure of the gas,in atm, assuming no change in moles or temperature?

0.31 atm

What is the mass of a sample of O2 gas, which has a pressure of 740.mmHg, at a temperature of 25 °C, in a volume of 250. mL?

0.318 g

How many moles of neon occupy a volume of 14.3 L at STP?

0.638 moles

What is the mass of neon that exerts a pressure of 720. mmHg,with a temperature of -15.0 °C , when the volume of the container is 760. mL?

0.686 g

0.100 mole of lithium has a mass of

0.694 g

The atmospheric pressure in Denver, CO is 633 mmHg. What is this pressure in atm?

0.833 atm

In this reaction, what is the coefficient for calcium oxide? CaO(s) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s)

1

How many moles of carbon atoms are there in 0.500 mole of C2H6?

1 mole

The pressure unit 1 mmHg is the same pressure unit as the pressure unit ___.

1 torr

Which of the following correctly gives the best coefficients for the reaction below? N2H4 + H2O2 → N2 + H2O

1, 2, 1, 4

At STP, what is the volume of 4.50 moles of nitrogen gas?

101 L

A cyclopropane-oxygen mixture is used as an anesthetic. If the partial pressure of cyclopropane in the mixture is 330 mmHg and the partial pressure of the oxygen is 1.0 atm, what is the total pressure of the mixture in torr?

1100 torr

A 5.00-L tank contains helium gas at 1.50 atm. What is the pressure of the gas in mmHg?

1140 mmHg

The temperature of a 500. mL sample of gas increases from 150. K to 350. K. What is the final volume of the sample of gas, if the pressure and moles in the container is kept constant?

1170 mL

At constant temperature, a sample of helium at 760. torr in a closed container was compressed from 5.00 L to 3.00 L, with no change in moles or temperature. What was the new pressure exerted by the helium on its container?

1270 torr

3.00 moles of NO2 have a mass of

138 g

At 570. mm Hg and 25 °C, a gas sample has a volume of 2270 mL. What is the final pressure (in mmHg) at a volume of 1250 mL and a temperature of 175 °C, if the moles are constant?

1560 mmHg

What is the molar mass of copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4?

159.6 g

At STP, what is the mass of 11.2 liters of O2 gas?

16.0 g

What is the molar mass of sodium phosphate, Na3PO4?

164 g

A tank contains a mixture of helium, neon, and argon gases. If the total pressure in the tank is 490. mmHg and the partial pressures of helium and argon are 215 mmHg and 102 mmHg, respectively, what is the partial pressure of neon?

173 mmHg

The molar mass of copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2 is ________.

187.6 g

In the following reaction, when the equation is correctly balanced, what is the correct coefficient for aluminum chloride? Al(s) + Cl2(g) → AlCl3(s)

2

In the following reaction, when the equation is correctly balanced, what is the correct coefficient for sodium chloride? Pb(NO3)2(aq) + NaCl(aq) → PbCl2(s) + NaNO3(aq)

2

In this reaction, what is the correct coefficient for hydrogen gas? ? H2 + ? O2 → ? H2O

2

Given the following equation, what is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of O2 to the number of moles of Fe2O3 produced? 4Fe(s) + 3O2 (g) → 2Fe2O3(s)

2 moles of Fe2O3/3 moles of O2

Mg3N2(s) + 6H2O(l) → 3Mg (OH)2(s) + 2NH3(g) 58) What is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of H2O to the number of moles of NH3 produced?

2 moles of NH3/6 moles ofH2O

A gas contained in a steel tank has a pressure of 1.5 atm at a temperature of 320 K. What will be the gas pressure when the temperature changes to 450 K, at constant moles and volume?

2.1 atm

A tank contains helium gas at 490 mmHg, nitrogen gas at 0.75 atm, and neon at 520 torr. What is the total pressure in atm?

2.1 atm

A sample of helium gas at 27.0 °C and 3.60 atm pressure is cooled in the same container to a temperature of -73.0 °C. What is the new pressure?

2.40 atm

How many molecules of water, H2O, are present in 75.0 g of H2O?

2.51 × 10^24 molecules

) One mole of neon atoms has a mass of

20.2 g

Oxygen makes up about ________ percent of the atmosphere.

21

At STP, the molar volume of a gas is ________.

22.4 L

At STP, what is the volume of 1.00 mole of carbon dioxide?

22.4 L

A sample of argon gas at 300. °C and 50.0 atm pressure is cooled in the same container to a temperature of 0.00 °C. What is the new pressure?

23.8 atm

What is the molar mass of Mg3 (PO4)2, a substance formerly used in medicine as an antacid?

263 g

At STP, temperature and pressure have the values of

273 K and 760 mmHg.

1.25 moles of PbO2 have a mass of

299 g.

Which of the following gives the balanced equation for this reaction? K3PO4 + Ca(NO3)2 → Ca3(PO4)2 + KNO3

2K3PO4 + 3Ca(NO3)2 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6KNO3

In the following reaction, when the equation is correctly balanced, what is the correct coefficient for H2? Fe(s) + HCl(aq) → FeCl3(aq) + H2(g)

3

What is the coefficient of hydrogen, H2, when the following equation is balanced? Al + H2SO4 → Al2 (SO4 )3 + ? H2

3

What volume would a 0.250 mole sample of H2 gas occupy, if it had a which has a pressure of 1.70 atm, and a temperature of 35 °C?

3.72 L

At STP conditions, 11 g of SO2 has a volume of

3.8 L

What is the molar mass of sucrose (C12H22O11)?

342 g

The molar mass of potassium is

39.1 g

How many moles of water, H2O, are present in 75.0 g of H2O?

4.16 moles

The pressure of 5.0 L of gas increases from 1.50 atm to 1240 mmHg. What is the final volume of the gas, assuming no change in moles or temperature?

4.6 L

What is the mass of 1 mole of argon gas?

40.0 g

One mole of helium gas has a mass of

4g

Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O What is the coefficient for carbon dioxide in the balanced equation?

5

How many hydrogen atoms are present in 75.0 g of H2O?

5.02 × 10^24 atoms

A gas sample in a closed, expandable container of initial volume 5.00 L was allowed to warm from 25 °C to 35 °C, at constant moles and pressure. What was its new volume?

5.17 L

How many moles of iron are present in 3.15 × 10^24 atoms of iron?

5.23 moles

A gas at 5.00 atm pressure was stored in a tank during the winter at 5.0 °C. During the summer, the temperature in the storage area reached 40.0 °C. What was the pressure in the gas tank then?

5.63 atm

A sample of nitrogen gas had a volume of 500. mL, a pressure in its closed container of 740 torr, and a temperature of 25 °C. What was the new volume of the gas when the temperature was changed to 50 °C and the new pressure was 760 torr, if the moles are constant?

530 mL

The volume of a sample of gas, initially at 25 °C and 158 mL, increases to 450. mL. What is the final temperature of the sample of gas, if the pressure in the container is kept constant?

576 °C

The temperature of a 350. mL sample of gas increases from 27 °C . to 227 °C . What is the final volume of the sample of gas, if the pressure and moles in the container is kept constant?

583 mL

Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O What is the coefficient for water in the balanced equation?

6

One mole of particles of any substance contains how many particles?

6.02 × 10^23

The number of particles in 1 mole of hydrogen gas is ________.

6.02 × 10^23

A diver exhales a bubble with a volume of 250 mL at a pressure of 2.4 atm and a temperature of 15 °C. What is the volume of the bubble when it reaches the surface where the pressure is 1.0 atm and the temperature is 27 °C, if the moles are constant?

630 mL

How many grams of glucose (C6H12O6) are in 3.55 moles of glucose?

639 g

What coefficient is placed in front of O2 to complete the balancing of the following equation? C5H8 + ? O2 → 5CO2 + 4H2O

7

How many atoms of neon are present in 1.30 moles of neon?

7.83 × 10^23 atoms

Which measurement describes the pressure of a gas?

725 mmHg

The molar mass of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is

74.1 g

Calculate the molar mass of potassium chloride, KCl.

74.6 g

The molar mass of C3H8O2 is

76.0 g.

One atmosphere is the same as ________ mmHg.

760

The unit of 1 atmosphere used to describe the pressure of a gas is equal to

760 mmHg

Nitrogen makes up about ________ percent of the atmosphere.

78

What is the pressure, in mmHg, of a 4.00 g sample of O2 gas, which has a temperature of 30.0 °C, and a volume of 3000 mL?

788 mmHg

How many grams of Fe2O3 are there in 0.500 mole of Fe2O3?

79.9 g

Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O 11) What is the coefficient for oxygen in the balanced equation?

8

Calculate the molar mass of magnesium chloride, MgCl2.

95.2 g

The relationship V1/n1 = V2/n2 is called ________.

Avogadro's Law

What is oxidized and what is reduced in the following reaction? 2Al(s) + 3Br2(g) → 2AlBr3(s)

Al is oxidized and Br2 is reduced.

Region A 2) Region B 3) Region C 4) Region D

Answers: 1) A 2) C 3) B 4) D

The relationship P1V1 = P2V2 is called ________.

Boyle's Law

The balloon is put into a chamber whose pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure and at atmospheric temperature.

C

A leak occurs and gas escapes (V, T constant)

Decrease

Some molecules of gas are removed (V, T constant).

Decreases

1 mmHg is the same as 760 atm

False

Avogadro's number is the number of grams in a mole

False

The following reaction is balanced. KClO3 → KCl + O2

False

The molar mass of chlorine gas is 35.5 g.

False

The molar mass of silver is 47 g.

False

The relationship P1/T1 = P2/T2 is called ________.

Gay-Lussac's Law

What unit of temperature is used in gas law calculations?

Kelvin

A barometer is usually filled with ________.

Mercury

Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction?

N2 + O2 → 2NO

When the combined gas law is rearranged to solve for V2, the following is the correct expression: V2 =

P1(V1)(T2)/(P2)(T1)

Gay-Lussac's Law is usually written as ________.

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Gay-Lussac's Law

P1/T1=P2/T2

Boyle's Law is usually written as ________.

P1V1 = P2V2

Combined Gas Law

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

Boyle's Law

P1V1=P2V2

Ideal Gas

PV = nRT

The mathematical expression of the ideal gas law is

PV = nRT.

The Ideal Gas Law is usually written as ________.

PV=nRT

Dalton's Law

Pt = P1 + P2 + P3

Which of the following is NOT part of the kinetic theory of gases?

There is very little empty space in a gas

Which of the following correctly describes the process of inspiration (air entering the lungs)?

The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to decrease.

Loss of electrons is an oxidation

True

The following is a decomposition reaction. 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

True

The mass of one mole of water is 18.0 g.

True

The molar mass of copper(II) chloride is 134.5 g

True

The molar mass of magnesium is 24.3 g.

True

The volume of 1 mole of an ideal gas at STP is 22.4 L

True

Charles's Law

V1/T1=V2/T2

Avogadro's Law is usually written as ________.

V1/n1 = V2/n2

Avogadro's Law

V1/n1=V2/n2

The total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the partial pressure(s) of

all the gases added together.

According to the kinetic theory of gases, particles of a gas

are very far apart.

Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O In a ________ reaction, two or more elements or compounds form one product.

combination

The reaction of carbon with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide is an example of which class of reaction? 2C(s) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)

combination

What is the classification for this reaction? SO3 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4(l)

combination

The following reaction takes place when an electric current is passed through water. It is an example of a ________ reaction. 2H2O → 2H2 + O2

decomposition

What type of reaction is the following? 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

decomposition reacti

What type of reaction is the following? 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

decomposition reaction

As the temperature of a gas increases, the density of the gas will

decrease.

As you rise higher in Earth's atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure

decreases.

Complete the following statement: In Charles's Law, the volume of a gas ________ when the ________ decreases.

decreases; temperature

Ideal Gas Law calculations require the pressure to be in units of atm.

false

In the combined gas law, temperatures are given in °C.

false

STP stands for 25 °C and 760 mmHg.

false

The pressure exerted by a gas on its container is inversely related to its Kelvin temperature.

false

Which of the following correctly describes the partial pressures of gases in the body?

high O2, low CO2, oxygenated blood

The use of high-pressure chambers to control disease processes is known as ________.

hyperbaric medicine

The temperature is doubled (V, n constant).

increases

There is a decrease in volume (n, T constant).

increases

An autoclave is used to sterilize surgical equipment because

it allows water to boil at temperatures above 100 °C.

In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, the distance between gas molecules is assumed to be ________ the diameter of the gas molecules

large relative to

Which of the following describes an oxidation reaction?

loss of electrons or gain of oxygen

The air pressure on a rainy day is usually ________ air pressure on a sunny day

lower than

The boiling point of water at sea level is 100 °C. At higher altitudes, the boiling point of water will be ________________

lower, because the atmospheric pressure is lower

In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, the assumption is made that gas molecules

move rapidly in random directions

The volume and the Kelvin temperature are reduced by one-half (n constant).

no change

The reaction of methane with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water is an example of which class of reaction? CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

oxidation

Avogadro's number is the number of

particles in 1 mole of a substance.

The force of gas particles against the walls of a container is called________

pressure.

In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, particles of a gas tend to move ________ and collisions between them are ________.

rapidly; elastic

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance reduced always

shows a gain of electrons.

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance oxidized always

shows a loss of electrons

What is the classification for this unbalanced reaction? Fe + HCl → FeCl3 + H2

single replacement

What type of reaction is the following? Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2

single replacement r

What type of reaction is the following? Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2

single replacement rea

According to Boyle's Law, the pressure of a gas increases as the volume decreases because

the gas particles strike the walls of the container more often.

In Gay-Lussac's Law, the pressure of a gas increases due to an increase in temperature because

the molecules strike the walls of the container more often

A chemical equation is balanced when

the number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products

The pressure exerted by a gas on its container is directly proportional to

the number of moles of gas in the sample

STP stands for 0 °C and 760 mmHg.

true

The air we breathe is about 21% oxygen

true

The kinetic energy of a gas sample is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas

true

The pressure exerted by the particles of vapor above a liquid is called the ________.

vapor pressure

In a gas, the distance between the particles is

very large relative to the size of the molecules.

In this reaction, what is the substance oxidized? Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

zinc