Chapter 7&8 reveiws
4.00 moles of sodium have a mass of
92.0 g
In deoxygenated blood, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is greater than the partial pressure of oxygen left
True
A barometer is a device for measuring ________.
atmospheric pressure
The temperature is changed from 50 °C to -150 °C at constant pressure
balloon A
According to the kinetic theory of gases, a gas can be compressed much more than a liquid or solid because
the particles of a gas are very far apart.
Vapor pressure can be described as
the pressure exerted by a gas above the surface of its liquid.
In any balanced chemical equation, the number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation is
the same.
According to Avogadro's law
the volume of a gas is directly related to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.
According to Boyle's, when volume increases, pressure decreases.
true
Gas law calculations normally require the use of the Kelvin temperature scale.
true
At STP, how many moles of helium gas would occupy 1.00 L?
0.0446 moles
How many moles of K2SO4 are in 15.0 g of K2SO4 ?
0.0861 moles
The volume of a gas with a pressure of 1.2 atm increases from 1.0 L to 4.0 L. What is the final pressure of the gas, assuming no change in moles or temperature?
0.30 atm
The volume of a gas with an initial pressure of 380 mmHg atm increases from 5.0 L to 8.0 L. What is the final pressure of the gas,in atm, assuming no change in moles or temperature?
0.31 atm
What is the mass of a sample of O2 gas, which has a pressure of 740.mmHg, at a temperature of 25 °C, in a volume of 250. mL?
0.318 g
How many moles of neon occupy a volume of 14.3 L at STP?
0.638 moles
What is the mass of neon that exerts a pressure of 720. mmHg,with a temperature of -15.0 °C , when the volume of the container is 760. mL?
0.686 g
0.100 mole of lithium has a mass of
0.694 g
The atmospheric pressure in Denver, CO is 633 mmHg. What is this pressure in atm?
0.833 atm
In this reaction, what is the coefficient for calcium oxide? CaO(s) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s)
1
How many moles of carbon atoms are there in 0.500 mole of C2H6?
1 mole
The pressure unit 1 mmHg is the same pressure unit as the pressure unit ___.
1 torr
Which of the following correctly gives the best coefficients for the reaction below? N2H4 + H2O2 → N2 + H2O
1, 2, 1, 4
At STP, what is the volume of 4.50 moles of nitrogen gas?
101 L
A cyclopropane-oxygen mixture is used as an anesthetic. If the partial pressure of cyclopropane in the mixture is 330 mmHg and the partial pressure of the oxygen is 1.0 atm, what is the total pressure of the mixture in torr?
1100 torr
A 5.00-L tank contains helium gas at 1.50 atm. What is the pressure of the gas in mmHg?
1140 mmHg
The temperature of a 500. mL sample of gas increases from 150. K to 350. K. What is the final volume of the sample of gas, if the pressure and moles in the container is kept constant?
1170 mL
At constant temperature, a sample of helium at 760. torr in a closed container was compressed from 5.00 L to 3.00 L, with no change in moles or temperature. What was the new pressure exerted by the helium on its container?
1270 torr
3.00 moles of NO2 have a mass of
138 g
At 570. mm Hg and 25 °C, a gas sample has a volume of 2270 mL. What is the final pressure (in mmHg) at a volume of 1250 mL and a temperature of 175 °C, if the moles are constant?
1560 mmHg
What is the molar mass of copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4?
159.6 g
At STP, what is the mass of 11.2 liters of O2 gas?
16.0 g
What is the molar mass of sodium phosphate, Na3PO4?
164 g
A tank contains a mixture of helium, neon, and argon gases. If the total pressure in the tank is 490. mmHg and the partial pressures of helium and argon are 215 mmHg and 102 mmHg, respectively, what is the partial pressure of neon?
173 mmHg
The molar mass of copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2 is ________.
187.6 g
In the following reaction, when the equation is correctly balanced, what is the correct coefficient for aluminum chloride? Al(s) + Cl2(g) → AlCl3(s)
2
In the following reaction, when the equation is correctly balanced, what is the correct coefficient for sodium chloride? Pb(NO3)2(aq) + NaCl(aq) → PbCl2(s) + NaNO3(aq)
2
In this reaction, what is the correct coefficient for hydrogen gas? ? H2 + ? O2 → ? H2O
2
Given the following equation, what is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of O2 to the number of moles of Fe2O3 produced? 4Fe(s) + 3O2 (g) → 2Fe2O3(s)
2 moles of Fe2O3/3 moles of O2
Mg3N2(s) + 6H2O(l) → 3Mg (OH)2(s) + 2NH3(g) 58) What is the correct form of the conversion factor needed to convert the number of moles of H2O to the number of moles of NH3 produced?
2 moles of NH3/6 moles ofH2O
A gas contained in a steel tank has a pressure of 1.5 atm at a temperature of 320 K. What will be the gas pressure when the temperature changes to 450 K, at constant moles and volume?
2.1 atm
A tank contains helium gas at 490 mmHg, nitrogen gas at 0.75 atm, and neon at 520 torr. What is the total pressure in atm?
2.1 atm
A sample of helium gas at 27.0 °C and 3.60 atm pressure is cooled in the same container to a temperature of -73.0 °C. What is the new pressure?
2.40 atm
How many molecules of water, H2O, are present in 75.0 g of H2O?
2.51 × 10^24 molecules
) One mole of neon atoms has a mass of
20.2 g
Oxygen makes up about ________ percent of the atmosphere.
21
At STP, the molar volume of a gas is ________.
22.4 L
At STP, what is the volume of 1.00 mole of carbon dioxide?
22.4 L
A sample of argon gas at 300. °C and 50.0 atm pressure is cooled in the same container to a temperature of 0.00 °C. What is the new pressure?
23.8 atm
What is the molar mass of Mg3 (PO4)2, a substance formerly used in medicine as an antacid?
263 g
At STP, temperature and pressure have the values of
273 K and 760 mmHg.
1.25 moles of PbO2 have a mass of
299 g.
Which of the following gives the balanced equation for this reaction? K3PO4 + Ca(NO3)2 → Ca3(PO4)2 + KNO3
2K3PO4 + 3Ca(NO3)2 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6KNO3
In the following reaction, when the equation is correctly balanced, what is the correct coefficient for H2? Fe(s) + HCl(aq) → FeCl3(aq) + H2(g)
3
What is the coefficient of hydrogen, H2, when the following equation is balanced? Al + H2SO4 → Al2 (SO4 )3 + ? H2
3
What volume would a 0.250 mole sample of H2 gas occupy, if it had a which has a pressure of 1.70 atm, and a temperature of 35 °C?
3.72 L
At STP conditions, 11 g of SO2 has a volume of
3.8 L
What is the molar mass of sucrose (C12H22O11)?
342 g
The molar mass of potassium is
39.1 g
How many moles of water, H2O, are present in 75.0 g of H2O?
4.16 moles
The pressure of 5.0 L of gas increases from 1.50 atm to 1240 mmHg. What is the final volume of the gas, assuming no change in moles or temperature?
4.6 L
What is the mass of 1 mole of argon gas?
40.0 g
One mole of helium gas has a mass of
4g
Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O What is the coefficient for carbon dioxide in the balanced equation?
5
How many hydrogen atoms are present in 75.0 g of H2O?
5.02 × 10^24 atoms
A gas sample in a closed, expandable container of initial volume 5.00 L was allowed to warm from 25 °C to 35 °C, at constant moles and pressure. What was its new volume?
5.17 L
How many moles of iron are present in 3.15 × 10^24 atoms of iron?
5.23 moles
A gas at 5.00 atm pressure was stored in a tank during the winter at 5.0 °C. During the summer, the temperature in the storage area reached 40.0 °C. What was the pressure in the gas tank then?
5.63 atm
A sample of nitrogen gas had a volume of 500. mL, a pressure in its closed container of 740 torr, and a temperature of 25 °C. What was the new volume of the gas when the temperature was changed to 50 °C and the new pressure was 760 torr, if the moles are constant?
530 mL
The volume of a sample of gas, initially at 25 °C and 158 mL, increases to 450. mL. What is the final temperature of the sample of gas, if the pressure in the container is kept constant?
576 °C
The temperature of a 350. mL sample of gas increases from 27 °C . to 227 °C . What is the final volume of the sample of gas, if the pressure and moles in the container is kept constant?
583 mL
Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O What is the coefficient for water in the balanced equation?
6
One mole of particles of any substance contains how many particles?
6.02 × 10^23
The number of particles in 1 mole of hydrogen gas is ________.
6.02 × 10^23
A diver exhales a bubble with a volume of 250 mL at a pressure of 2.4 atm and a temperature of 15 °C. What is the volume of the bubble when it reaches the surface where the pressure is 1.0 atm and the temperature is 27 °C, if the moles are constant?
630 mL
How many grams of glucose (C6H12O6) are in 3.55 moles of glucose?
639 g
What coefficient is placed in front of O2 to complete the balancing of the following equation? C5H8 + ? O2 → 5CO2 + 4H2O
7
How many atoms of neon are present in 1.30 moles of neon?
7.83 × 10^23 atoms
Which measurement describes the pressure of a gas?
725 mmHg
The molar mass of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is
74.1 g
Calculate the molar mass of potassium chloride, KCl.
74.6 g
The molar mass of C3H8O2 is
76.0 g.
One atmosphere is the same as ________ mmHg.
760
The unit of 1 atmosphere used to describe the pressure of a gas is equal to
760 mmHg
Nitrogen makes up about ________ percent of the atmosphere.
78
What is the pressure, in mmHg, of a 4.00 g sample of O2 gas, which has a temperature of 30.0 °C, and a volume of 3000 mL?
788 mmHg
How many grams of Fe2O3 are there in 0.500 mole of Fe2O3?
79.9 g
Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O 11) What is the coefficient for oxygen in the balanced equation?
8
Calculate the molar mass of magnesium chloride, MgCl2.
95.2 g
The relationship V1/n1 = V2/n2 is called ________.
Avogadro's Law
What is oxidized and what is reduced in the following reaction? 2Al(s) + 3Br2(g) → 2AlBr3(s)
Al is oxidized and Br2 is reduced.
Region A 2) Region B 3) Region C 4) Region D
Answers: 1) A 2) C 3) B 4) D
The relationship P1V1 = P2V2 is called ________.
Boyle's Law
The balloon is put into a chamber whose pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure and at atmospheric temperature.
C
A leak occurs and gas escapes (V, T constant)
Decrease
Some molecules of gas are removed (V, T constant).
Decreases
1 mmHg is the same as 760 atm
False
Avogadro's number is the number of grams in a mole
False
The following reaction is balanced. KClO3 → KCl + O2
False
The molar mass of chlorine gas is 35.5 g.
False
The molar mass of silver is 47 g.
False
The relationship P1/T1 = P2/T2 is called ________.
Gay-Lussac's Law
What unit of temperature is used in gas law calculations?
Kelvin
A barometer is usually filled with ________.
Mercury
Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction?
N2 + O2 → 2NO
When the combined gas law is rearranged to solve for V2, the following is the correct expression: V2 =
P1(V1)(T2)/(P2)(T1)
Gay-Lussac's Law is usually written as ________.
P1/T1 = P2/T2
Gay-Lussac's Law
P1/T1=P2/T2
Boyle's Law is usually written as ________.
P1V1 = P2V2
Combined Gas Law
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
Boyle's Law
P1V1=P2V2
Ideal Gas
PV = nRT
The mathematical expression of the ideal gas law is
PV = nRT.
The Ideal Gas Law is usually written as ________.
PV=nRT
Dalton's Law
Pt = P1 + P2 + P3
Which of the following is NOT part of the kinetic theory of gases?
There is very little empty space in a gas
Which of the following correctly describes the process of inspiration (air entering the lungs)?
The lungs expand, causing their internal pressure to decrease.
Loss of electrons is an oxidation
True
The following is a decomposition reaction. 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
True
The mass of one mole of water is 18.0 g.
True
The molar mass of copper(II) chloride is 134.5 g
True
The molar mass of magnesium is 24.3 g.
True
The volume of 1 mole of an ideal gas at STP is 22.4 L
True
Charles's Law
V1/T1=V2/T2
Avogadro's Law is usually written as ________.
V1/n1 = V2/n2
Avogadro's Law
V1/n1=V2/n2
The total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the partial pressure(s) of
all the gases added together.
According to the kinetic theory of gases, particles of a gas
are very far apart.
Pentane (C5H12) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) according to the following reaction. Answer the question(s) that follow about this reaction. C5H12 + ? O2 → ? CO2 + ? H2O In a ________ reaction, two or more elements or compounds form one product.
combination
The reaction of carbon with oxygen to produce carbon monoxide is an example of which class of reaction? 2C(s) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)
combination
What is the classification for this reaction? SO3 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4(l)
combination
The following reaction takes place when an electric current is passed through water. It is an example of a ________ reaction. 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
decomposition
What type of reaction is the following? 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
decomposition reacti
What type of reaction is the following? 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
decomposition reaction
As the temperature of a gas increases, the density of the gas will
decrease.
As you rise higher in Earth's atmosphere, the atmospheric pressure
decreases.
Complete the following statement: In Charles's Law, the volume of a gas ________ when the ________ decreases.
decreases; temperature
Ideal Gas Law calculations require the pressure to be in units of atm.
false
In the combined gas law, temperatures are given in °C.
false
STP stands for 25 °C and 760 mmHg.
false
The pressure exerted by a gas on its container is inversely related to its Kelvin temperature.
false
Which of the following correctly describes the partial pressures of gases in the body?
high O2, low CO2, oxygenated blood
The use of high-pressure chambers to control disease processes is known as ________.
hyperbaric medicine
The temperature is doubled (V, n constant).
increases
There is a decrease in volume (n, T constant).
increases
An autoclave is used to sterilize surgical equipment because
it allows water to boil at temperatures above 100 °C.
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, the distance between gas molecules is assumed to be ________ the diameter of the gas molecules
large relative to
Which of the following describes an oxidation reaction?
loss of electrons or gain of oxygen
The air pressure on a rainy day is usually ________ air pressure on a sunny day
lower than
The boiling point of water at sea level is 100 °C. At higher altitudes, the boiling point of water will be ________________
lower, because the atmospheric pressure is lower
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, the assumption is made that gas molecules
move rapidly in random directions
The volume and the Kelvin temperature are reduced by one-half (n constant).
no change
The reaction of methane with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water is an example of which class of reaction? CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
oxidation
Avogadro's number is the number of
particles in 1 mole of a substance.
The force of gas particles against the walls of a container is called________
pressure.
In the kinetic molecular theory of gas behavior, particles of a gas tend to move ________ and collisions between them are ________.
rapidly; elastic
In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance reduced always
shows a gain of electrons.
In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the substance oxidized always
shows a loss of electrons
What is the classification for this unbalanced reaction? Fe + HCl → FeCl3 + H2
single replacement
What type of reaction is the following? Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
single replacement r
What type of reaction is the following? Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
single replacement rea
According to Boyle's Law, the pressure of a gas increases as the volume decreases because
the gas particles strike the walls of the container more often.
In Gay-Lussac's Law, the pressure of a gas increases due to an increase in temperature because
the molecules strike the walls of the container more often
A chemical equation is balanced when
the number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products
The pressure exerted by a gas on its container is directly proportional to
the number of moles of gas in the sample
STP stands for 0 °C and 760 mmHg.
true
The air we breathe is about 21% oxygen
true
The kinetic energy of a gas sample is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas
true
The pressure exerted by the particles of vapor above a liquid is called the ________.
vapor pressure
In a gas, the distance between the particles is
very large relative to the size of the molecules.
In this reaction, what is the substance oxidized? Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
zinc
