Chapter 8 after lecture set

Coccyx

( 4 fused vertebrae

-Sacrum

( 5 fused vertebrae )

symphysis pubis

, a disc of cartilage that separates the two pubic bones

nucleus pulposus

-A gel - like core , called the

axial skeleton

80 comprise the upright central supporting axis of the body which includes the skull rib cage and vertebral column

Acetabulum

: A depression that houses the head of the femur to form the " hip socket

ilium

: A large , flaring section you can feel under the skin

hyoid bone

: a U - shaped bone that sits between the chin and the larynx which is the only bone that doesn't articulate with any other bone

annulus fibrosus

A ring of tough fibrocartilage

-Xiphold process

An important landmark for cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR ) the ________________________provides an attachment point for some abdominal muscles

vertebral foramen

An opening allows for passage of the spinal cord .

os coxae

Each of the two large bones of the hip also be called a coxal bone or innominate bone c

Greater sciatic notch :

Point through which the sciatic nerve passes on its path to the back of the thigh

sacroiliac joint

Posteriorly , each os coxae articulates with the sacrum at the

What adds to the total of bones in the body?

Some of the bones in the body fail to fuse together

Thoracic Cage

Sternum Ribs Costal cartilages

Ischial tuberosity

Supports your body when you're sitting

Thoracic vertebrae 12 vertebrae

T1 - T12

the axial skeleton relates to the

The axis of the body which is the skull and trunk of body

sutures

The bones of the skull join together at immovable joints

medial malleolus

The bony knob you can palpate on your inner ankle

hallux

The great toe ,only two bones

Ribs

Twelve pairs of ribs attach to the vertebral column

ribs 11 and 12 , are called

false ribs

phalanges

form the toes

paranasal sinuses

frontal maxillary and ethmoid sinuses have well - defined shapes The sphenoid sinuses are more like sinus cells , a honeycombed shape

The distal end of the fibula forms the

lateral malleolus

Transverse processes

extend from each side of the vertebra . Both the transverse and spinous processes serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments

coronal suture

the joint between the parietal bones and the frontal bone .

sagittal suture

the joint between the right and left parietal bones .

lambdoid suture

the line of articulation between the parietal bones and the occipital bone .

Parietal bones

( 2 bones Join together at the top of the head to form the top and sides of the cranial cavity

Maxillae

( 2 bones ) : These bones meet to form the upper jaw .

Lacrimal bones

( 2 bones ) : These paper - thin bones form part of the side wall of the orbit .

Zygomatic bones

( 2 bones ) These bones shape the cheeks and form the outer edge of the orbit

Inferior nasal conchae

( 2 bones ) : The conchae bones ( singular concha ) contribute to the nasal cavity

Palatine bones

( 2 bones ) : These bones form the posterior portion of the hard palate , part of the wall of the nasal cavity , and part of the floor of the orbit

Mandible

( 1 bone This is the largest and strongest bone of the face . It articulates with the temporal bone at the temporomandibular joint TMJ making it the only facial bone that can move .

Temporal bones

Bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region.

Lumbar vertebrae ( 5 vertebrae

C1 - C5

Cervical vertebrae ( 7 vertebrae )

C1 - C7

Pectoral Girdle

Clavicle Scapula

Ethmoid bone

Contributes to the walls of the orbits , the roof and walls of the nasal cavity , and the nasal septum

intervertebral disc

Designed to support weight and absorb shock , the intervertebral disc consists of two parts

Sphenoid bone

Forms a part of the cranial floor as well as the floor and side walls of the orbits (eyes)

Frontal bone

Forms the forehead and the roof of the eye sockets orbits

Occipital bone

Forms the rear of the skull

Skull

Frontal bone Maxilla Mandible

Pelvis

Os coxae Sacrum Coccyx

tibia .

The head of the fibula articulates with the

costal margins

The lower edges of the thoracic cage are called the

Ischium of coxal bone

The lower posterior portion

appendicular skeleton

The other 126 bones make up the bones of the limbs and the pelvic and shoulder area

foramina

The skull contains a number of holes that allow for passage of nerves and blood vessels

costal angle

The two costal margins meet at the xiphoid process , forming the angle

Iliac crest

The upper outer edge of the illum

Manubrium

This is the broadest portion of the sternum; the suprasternal notch

Ribs 1 to 7 , true ribs

attach to the sternum by a strip of hyaline cartilage called costal cartilage

Styloid process several

attachment point for several neck muscles

Mastoid process

a prominent lump behind the ear

the paranasal sinuses with

air they lighten the skull and act as resonators for sound production

Kyphosis or hunchback

an exaggerated thoracic curvature also a common finding in individuals with osteoporosis

External auditory meatus

an opening into the ear

The appendicular skeleton relates to the

appendages of the body such as the arms and legs .

metatarsals

are numbered I through V. beginning medially form the middle portion of the foot .

Ribs 8 , 9 and 10

attach to the cartilage of rib 7, false ribs .

The largest tarsal bone is the

calcaneus. This bone , which forms the heel , bears much of the body's weight .

tibial tuberosity

can be palpated just below the patella serves as the attachment point for thigh muscles

Zygomatic arch

cheekbone

tarsal bones

comprise the ankle .

The cranium

consists of eight cranial bones

The atlas has no body . Rather , it consists of a

delicate ring and a large vertebral foramen

The C2 vertebra called the axis , has a projection called the

dens , or odontoid process dens projects into the atlas and allows the head to swivel from side to side ( such as when saying " no . " )

Ribs 11 and 12 , floating ribs

do not attach to any part of the anterior thoracic cage .

Lordosis or swayback

exaggerated lumbar curvature may result from osteoporosis , poor posture or abdominal weight gain .

Scoliosis

is a lateral curvature of the spine most often in the thoracic region . It sometimes the result of the vertebrae failing to develop correctly on one side

tibia

is the only bone that bears weight in leg

body

is the weight - bearing portion of the vertebra

foramen magnum

large opening in the base of the skull allows the spinal cord to pass through as it connects to the brainstem

Body : This is the longest portion ; it joins the

manubrium at the sternal angle called the angle of Louis which is also the location of the second rib .

foot arches give the foot

more strength to support the weight of the body

Degenerative bone disease

poor posture , and even pregnancy can cause abnormal curvatures in the spine

spinous process

projects posteriorly from the vertebra . The spinous processes are the bumps you feel when you run your hand along the spine .

Besides protecting the thoracic organs , the ribs also protect the

spleen , the liver , and a portion of the kidneys .

The second - largest tarsal bone is the

talus .

Sudden , intense pressure on the intervertebral discs - such as may occur from lifting a heavy object using the back rather than the legs can cause

the annulus of the disc to crack slipped disc ruptured disc