Chapter 8 after lecture set
Coccyx
( 4 fused vertebrae
-Sacrum
( 5 fused vertebrae )
symphysis pubis
, a disc of cartilage that separates the two pubic bones
nucleus pulposus
-A gel - like core , called the
axial skeleton
80 comprise the upright central supporting axis of the body which includes the skull rib cage and vertebral column
Acetabulum
: A depression that houses the head of the femur to form the " hip socket
ilium
: A large , flaring section you can feel under the skin
hyoid bone
: a U - shaped bone that sits between the chin and the larynx which is the only bone that doesn't articulate with any other bone
annulus fibrosus
A ring of tough fibrocartilage
-Xiphold process
An important landmark for cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR ) the ________________________provides an attachment point for some abdominal muscles
vertebral foramen
An opening allows for passage of the spinal cord .
os coxae
Each of the two large bones of the hip also be called a coxal bone or innominate bone c
Greater sciatic notch :
Point through which the sciatic nerve passes on its path to the back of the thigh
sacroiliac joint
Posteriorly , each os coxae articulates with the sacrum at the
What adds to the total of bones in the body?
Some of the bones in the body fail to fuse together
Thoracic Cage
Sternum Ribs Costal cartilages
Ischial tuberosity
Supports your body when you're sitting
Thoracic vertebrae 12 vertebrae
T1 - T12
the axial skeleton relates to the
The axis of the body which is the skull and trunk of body
sutures
The bones of the skull join together at immovable joints
medial malleolus
The bony knob you can palpate on your inner ankle
hallux
The great toe ,only two bones
Ribs
Twelve pairs of ribs attach to the vertebral column
ribs 11 and 12 , are called
false ribs
phalanges
form the toes
paranasal sinuses
frontal maxillary and ethmoid sinuses have well - defined shapes The sphenoid sinuses are more like sinus cells , a honeycombed shape
The distal end of the fibula forms the
lateral malleolus
Transverse processes
extend from each side of the vertebra . Both the transverse and spinous processes serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments
coronal suture
the joint between the parietal bones and the frontal bone .
sagittal suture
the joint between the right and left parietal bones .
lambdoid suture
the line of articulation between the parietal bones and the occipital bone .
Parietal bones
( 2 bones Join together at the top of the head to form the top and sides of the cranial cavity
Maxillae
( 2 bones ) : These bones meet to form the upper jaw .
Lacrimal bones
( 2 bones ) : These paper - thin bones form part of the side wall of the orbit .
Zygomatic bones
( 2 bones ) These bones shape the cheeks and form the outer edge of the orbit
Inferior nasal conchae
( 2 bones ) : The conchae bones ( singular concha ) contribute to the nasal cavity
Palatine bones
( 2 bones ) : These bones form the posterior portion of the hard palate , part of the wall of the nasal cavity , and part of the floor of the orbit
Mandible
( 1 bone This is the largest and strongest bone of the face . It articulates with the temporal bone at the temporomandibular joint TMJ making it the only facial bone that can move .
Temporal bones
Bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region.
Lumbar vertebrae ( 5 vertebrae
C1 - C5
Cervical vertebrae ( 7 vertebrae )
C1 - C7
Pectoral Girdle
Clavicle Scapula
Ethmoid bone
Contributes to the walls of the orbits , the roof and walls of the nasal cavity , and the nasal septum
intervertebral disc
Designed to support weight and absorb shock , the intervertebral disc consists of two parts
Sphenoid bone
Forms a part of the cranial floor as well as the floor and side walls of the orbits (eyes)
Frontal bone
Forms the forehead and the roof of the eye sockets orbits
Occipital bone
Forms the rear of the skull
Skull
Frontal bone Maxilla Mandible
Pelvis
Os coxae Sacrum Coccyx
tibia .
The head of the fibula articulates with the
costal margins
The lower edges of the thoracic cage are called the
Ischium of coxal bone
The lower posterior portion
appendicular skeleton
The other 126 bones make up the bones of the limbs and the pelvic and shoulder area
foramina
The skull contains a number of holes that allow for passage of nerves and blood vessels
costal angle
The two costal margins meet at the xiphoid process , forming the angle
Iliac crest
The upper outer edge of the illum
Manubrium
This is the broadest portion of the sternum; the suprasternal notch
Ribs 1 to 7 , true ribs
attach to the sternum by a strip of hyaline cartilage called costal cartilage
Styloid process several
attachment point for several neck muscles
Mastoid process
a prominent lump behind the ear
the paranasal sinuses with
air they lighten the skull and act as resonators for sound production
Kyphosis or hunchback
an exaggerated thoracic curvature also a common finding in individuals with osteoporosis
External auditory meatus
an opening into the ear
The appendicular skeleton relates to the
appendages of the body such as the arms and legs .
metatarsals
are numbered I through V. beginning medially form the middle portion of the foot .
Ribs 8 , 9 and 10
attach to the cartilage of rib 7, false ribs .
The largest tarsal bone is the
calcaneus. This bone , which forms the heel , bears much of the body's weight .
tibial tuberosity
can be palpated just below the patella serves as the attachment point for thigh muscles
Zygomatic arch
cheekbone
tarsal bones
comprise the ankle .
The cranium
consists of eight cranial bones
The atlas has no body . Rather , it consists of a
delicate ring and a large vertebral foramen
The C2 vertebra called the axis , has a projection called the
dens , or odontoid process dens projects into the atlas and allows the head to swivel from side to side ( such as when saying " no . " )
Ribs 11 and 12 , floating ribs
do not attach to any part of the anterior thoracic cage .
Lordosis or swayback
exaggerated lumbar curvature may result from osteoporosis , poor posture or abdominal weight gain .
Scoliosis
is a lateral curvature of the spine most often in the thoracic region . It sometimes the result of the vertebrae failing to develop correctly on one side
tibia
is the only bone that bears weight in leg
body
is the weight - bearing portion of the vertebra
foramen magnum
large opening in the base of the skull allows the spinal cord to pass through as it connects to the brainstem
Body : This is the longest portion ; it joins the
manubrium at the sternal angle called the angle of Louis which is also the location of the second rib .
foot arches give the foot
more strength to support the weight of the body
Degenerative bone disease
poor posture , and even pregnancy can cause abnormal curvatures in the spine
spinous process
projects posteriorly from the vertebra . The spinous processes are the bumps you feel when you run your hand along the spine .
Besides protecting the thoracic organs , the ribs also protect the
spleen , the liver , and a portion of the kidneys .
The second - largest tarsal bone is the
talus .
Sudden , intense pressure on the intervertebral discs - such as may occur from lifting a heavy object using the back rather than the legs can cause
the annulus of the disc to crack slipped disc ruptured disc