Chapter 8 Anatomy O'lo
true
An astigmatism results from unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens.
middle ear
An ear infection following an illness such as a cold can pass from the throat through the auditory (pharyngotympanic) tube to the ________.
fovea centralis
Area of greatest visual acuity
Astigamatism
Blurry images due to unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens
false
Cones are photoreceptor cells that allow us to see gray tones in dim light.
retina
Contains millions of photoreceptors
sclera
"White of the eye"
myopia
nearsightedness
spiral organ of Corti
Hair cells that function as hearing receptors are located within the ________.
hair cells
Hearing receptors within the spiral organ of Corti are called ________.
glaucoma
Increased pressure within the eye, which causes pain and possibly blindness
Conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva
night blindness
Prolonged vitamin A deficiency results in deterioration of the neural retina
iris
The pupil is an opening within the ________.
optic disc (blind spot)
The region of the optic nerve lacking photoreceptor cells is known as the ________.
pupil
The rounded opening of the iris through which light enters the eye is called the ________.
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
The structure that divides the outer ear from the middle ear is a membrane known as the ________.
blue red and green
The three sets of color receptors within the retina are sensitive to wavelengths of visible light that are ________.
cornea
The transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye is the ________.
olfactory receptor
The type of chemoreceptor responsible for our sense of smell is called a(n) ________.
cornea
Transparent portion of the fibrous layer
Vitreous humor
Type of humor located in the posterior segment
cones
Type of photoreceptor cell that detects colors
glaucoma
What condition results from an abnormally high pressure inside the eye?
lacrimal
What gland releases tears onto the anterior surface of the eyeball?
choroid
What layer of the eyeball contains both pigment to absorb stray light rays and muscle to control the lens?
the lens
What part of the eye is affected by cataracts?
semicircular canals
What part of the inner ear is contains receptors for dynamic equilibrium?
umami
What sensation allows someone to enjoy the taste of a steak?
lens
What structure of the eye focuses light on the retina?
optic disc (blind spot)
Which area of the retina lacks rods and cones and therefore does not detect images?
vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
Which cranial nerve transmits hearing and equilibrium information to the brain?
retina
Which layer of the eye contains rods and cones?
color blindness
Which of the following is a sex-linked condition that more often affects males?
auricle (pinna)
Which of the following is associated with the external (outer) ear?
degeneration of the hair cells in the spiral organ of Corti
Which of these can cause sensorineural deafness?
night vision
Which of these is associated with rods?
retina
Which of these is part of the sensory layer of the eye?
lacrimal gland
Which of these structures is part of the system that produces and drains tears?
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?
Sensorineural
________ deafness arises when there is damage or degeneration of receptor cells in the spiral organ of Corti, cochlear nerve, or neurons in the auditory cortex of the brain.
optic disc
blind spot
semicircular canals
Dynamic equilibrium receptors are found in the ________.
semicircular canals
Dynamic equilibrium receptors that detect information about angular or rotational movements of the head are housed in the ________.
hyperopia
Eyeball is "too short"
lens
Flexible biconvex crystal-like structure
lacrimal gland
Gland that releases tears
spiral organ of Corti or cochlear nerve
Sensorineural deafness occurs when there is damage or degeneration of receptor cells of the ________.
tympanic membrane
Sound waves entering the external auditory canal hit the eardrum, also known as the ________.
conjunctiva
The membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and lines the eyelids is the ________.
false
The olfactory receptors are responsible for detecting taste sensations.
iris
The pigmented portion of the eye that has a rounded opening through which light passes is the ________.
vestibule
Static equilibrium receptors are located in the ________.
true
Tarsal glands situated between the eyelashes release an oily secretion that lubricates the eye.
lacrimal
The ________ gland is located above the lateral end of each eye and releases tears.
lens
The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the ________.
temporal
The external acoustic meatus (auditory canal) is a narrow chamber situated in the ________ bone.
sclera: cornea
The fibrous covering of the eye consists of the white outer layer, known as the ________, and a transparent portion known as the ________.
sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami
The five taste sensations are ________.
prevent light from scattering inside the eye
The function of the choroid layer of the eye is to ________.
vitreous humor
The gel-like substance housed in the posterior segment of the eye is the ________.
vitreous humor
The gel-like substance that reinforces the eyeball and prevents it from collapsing inward is the ________.
myopia
The inability to see distant objects is termed "nearsighted" or ________.
