Chapter 8: Everyday Memory and Memory Errors

The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called

Cognitive Psychology

The "magic number," according to Miller, is

7 plus or minus 2

Using behavior to infer mental processes is the basic principle of ______.

Behaviorism

Students, beware! Research shows that _____ does not improve reading comprehension because it does not encourage elaborative processing of the material.

Highlighting

The primary effect of chunking is to ________.

Increase the efficiency of short-term memory.

Flashbulb memory is best represented by which of the following statements?

It is memory for the circumstances surrounding how a person heard about an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time.

Kieran found that studying for his Spanish exam made it more difficult to remember some of the vocabulary words he had just studied for his French exam earlier in the day. This is an example of _________.

Retroactive Interference

Your friend has been sick for several days, so you go over to her home to make her some chicken soup. Searching for a spoon, you first reach in a top drawer beside the dishwasher. Then, you turn to the big cupboard beside the stove to search for a pan. In your search, you have relied on a kitchen ______.

Schema

A person with a reduced digit span would most likely have a problem with _________ memory.

Short-term

Asking people to recall the most influential events that happened during their college careers show that _____ in people's lives appear to be particularly memorable.

Transition Points