Chapter 8 seizures
What is the drug of choice in the emergency treatment of GTCS or status epilepticus
Diazepam
What is the most common type of seizure disorder
Generalized tonic-clonic seizure
What are etiologies of secondary seizures
Metabolic disorders, injuries, medication
The _________________ phase of the seizure is characterized by the patient having an auditory, visual, or gustatory sensation.
Prodromal
The MOST important procedure in treating the postictal phase of a GTCS is _________________ _________________ ______________.
Protecting the airway
Generalized absence seizures are rare after the age of _________________.
20
Secondary seizures account for _________________% of seizure disorders.
35
_____% of seizures are idiopathic
50
Subjective, sensory symptoms occurring at the onset of a seizure is a/an _________________.
Aura
What are the signs and symptoms of Generalized Absence Seizures
Brief change in level of consciousness, blinking or eye-rolling, and blank stare, and duration of 5-30 seconds
The procedure used to determine the electric activity in the brain is a/an _________________.
EEG
What is the optimal time of day to treat a seizure patient
Early morning appointments, make sure to eat breakfast, check seizure medication
Isolated seizures in well-controlled adult seizure patients are referred to as _________________ seizures.
Epilepsy
Seizure-provoking medications are referred to as _________________.
Epileptogenic
A mouth prop should be placed in the patient's mouth during a generalized tonic-clonic seizure to prevent swallowing of the tongue. True False
False
Fractured teeth and soft tissue scarring are commonly seen during the extra oral examination of seizure patients. True False
False
Seizures are usually life threatening. True False
False
What are the symptoms of status epilepticus
Increased body temperature, bradycardia, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, hypotension
What are the signs and symptoms of generalized tonic-clonic
Jaw clenching, hyper-extension of spine, aura, loss of consciousness
Minor facial movements associated with generalized absence seizures are called _________________.
Petit mal
Which type of seizure is caused by exposure to flickering lights:
Photosensitive epilepsy
Respiratory arrest is MOST likely to occur during which phase of the tonic-clonic seizure?
Postictal
Which phase of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure is characterized by the patient falling if standing?
Preictal phase
What is the primary task of the dental professional in the treatment of a seizure
Prevent injury
One of the most common adverse reactions to many anti-seizure medications is what:
Sedation
The most common neurological disorder seen in pediatric patients is
Seizures
An aura is now considered a what:
Simple partial seizures
The condition where seizures do NOT stop or begin again shortly after recovery is termed _________________ _______________.
Status epilepticus
What might be associated with increased seizure activity?
Stress, sleep, missed meal, hormones
What is used to classify seizure disorders
Symptoms, duration, precipitating factors, aura
What would be the most likely cause of a seizure in the dental setting?
Syncope
A seizure caused by stress, hypoglycemia, or fever would be considered
Tonic- clonic, isolated, unprovoked
A seizure or convulsion is characterized by spontaneous, electric discharges from neurons in the cerebral cortex. True False
True
After age 60, cerebrovascular diseases are the MOST common cause of seizures. True False
True
Generalized absence seizures often have a genetic tendency and respond well to medication. True False
True
Rapid withdrawal of addictive drugs may cause a primary seizure. True False
True
