Chapter 8 seizures

What is the drug of choice in the emergency treatment of GTCS or status epilepticus

Diazepam

What is the most common type of seizure disorder

Generalized tonic-clonic seizure

What are etiologies of secondary seizures

Metabolic disorders, injuries, medication

The _________________ phase of the seizure is characterized by the patient having an auditory, visual, or gustatory sensation.

Prodromal

The MOST important procedure in treating the postictal phase of a GTCS is _________________ _________________ ______________.

Protecting the airway

Generalized absence seizures are rare after the age of _________________.

20

Secondary seizures account for _________________% of seizure disorders.

35

_____% of seizures are idiopathic

50

Subjective, sensory symptoms occurring at the onset of a seizure is a/an _________________.

Aura

What are the signs and symptoms of Generalized Absence Seizures

Brief change in level of consciousness, blinking or eye-rolling, and blank stare, and duration of 5-30 seconds

The procedure used to determine the electric activity in the brain is a/an _________________.

EEG

What is the optimal time of day to treat a seizure patient

Early morning appointments, make sure to eat breakfast, check seizure medication

Isolated seizures in well-controlled adult seizure patients are referred to as _________________ seizures.

Epilepsy

Seizure-provoking medications are referred to as _________________.

Epileptogenic

A mouth prop should be placed in the patient's mouth during a generalized tonic-clonic seizure to prevent swallowing of the tongue. ​True ​False

False

Fractured teeth and soft tissue scarring are commonly seen during the extra oral examination of seizure patients. ​True ​False

False

Seizures are usually life threatening. ​True ​False

False

What are the symptoms of status epilepticus

Increased body temperature, bradycardia, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, hypotension

What are the signs and symptoms of generalized tonic-clonic

Jaw clenching, hyper-extension of spine, aura, loss of consciousness

Minor facial movements associated with generalized absence seizures are called _________________.

Petit mal

Which type of seizure is caused by exposure to flickering lights:

Photosensitive epilepsy

Respiratory arrest is MOST likely to occur during which phase of the tonic-clonic seizure? ​

Postictal

Which phase of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure is characterized by the patient falling if standing?

Preictal phase

What is the primary task of the dental professional in the treatment of a seizure

Prevent injury

One of the most common adverse reactions to many anti-seizure medications is what:

Sedation

The most common neurological disorder seen in pediatric patients is

Seizures

An aura is now considered a what:

Simple partial seizures

The condition where seizures do NOT stop or begin again shortly after recovery is termed _________________ _______________.

Status epilepticus

What might be associated with increased seizure activity?

Stress, sleep, missed meal, hormones

What is used to classify seizure disorders

Symptoms, duration, precipitating factors, aura

What would be the most likely cause of a seizure in the dental setting? ​

Syncope

A seizure caused by stress, hypoglycemia, or fever would be considered

Tonic- clonic, isolated, unprovoked

A seizure or convulsion is characterized by spontaneous, electric discharges from neurons in the cerebral cortex. ​True​ ​False

True

After age 60, cerebrovascular diseases are the MOST common cause of seizures. ​True ​False

True

Generalized absence seizures often have a genetic tendency and respond well to medication. ​True ​False

True

Rapid withdrawal of addictive drugs may cause a primary seizure. ​True ​False

True