chapter 8 test

For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations are possible. 4 16 20 8

16

How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have? n - 1 2n + 1 2n - 1 n + 1

2n - 1

What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor? Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do. Benign tumors are not the result of a failure of a cell cycle control system; malignant tumors are. Benign tumors are composed of cancer cells; malignant tumors are not. Benign tumors do not form lumps; malignant tumors do form lumps.

Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do.

In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from prophase II? -During prophase I chromosomes line up single file in the middle of the cell; during prophase II the chromosomes line up in double file in the middle of the cell. -During prophase I the chromosomes coil up; the chromosomes are not coiled up during prophase II. -In prophase I the sister chromatids are attached; in prophase II the sister chromatids are separated. -During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.

During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.

Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I? -Half of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole along with half of the chromosomes inherited from the father. -Sister chromatids separate and the daughter chromosomes migrate to opposite poles. -Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles. -All of the chromosomes inherited from the mother go to one pole of the cell, and all of the chromosomes inherited from the father go to the other pole.

Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles.

Sexual intercourse in humans ______. combines two diploid gametes, producing a zygote produces an individual with 23 chromosomes produces a haploid individual allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell

allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell

Homologous chromosomes ______. carry the same versions of all genes are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics include only the autosomes

carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics

Sister chromatids are joined at the ______ centriole centrosome centromere spindle

centromere

Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that does not occur in prophase II? Crossing over occurs. Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell. Spindle formation occurs. Chromosomes have been duplicated.

crossing over occurs

Crossing over during prophase I results in ______. reciprocal translocation duplication nondisjunction genetic recombination

genetic recombination

A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ______. have less genetic material than it started with have two nuclei have its chromosomes lined up in the middle of the cell not have completed anaphase

have 2 nuclei

his diagram of the human life cycle shows that ______. fertilization produces a haploid zygote meiosis produces a diploid zygote a diploid zygote undergoes meiosis to produce an adult human meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells

meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells

The following figure shows that ______. he human 2n number is 4 fertilization results in four haploid daughter cells meiosis forms diploid gametes meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells

meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ______. mitosis produces more daughter cells than meiosis mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not mitosis requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells

mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not

Amanda's abnormal number of sex chromosomes resulted from ______. independent assortment of chromosomes crossing over nondisjunction random fertilization

nondisjunction

As shown in the following figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ______ plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not animal cells produce more daughter cells animal cells form a cell plate and plant cells do not plant cells produce more daughter cells

plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not

Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT asexual reproduction. cell replacement. growth of a multicellular organism. production of sperm and eggs.

production of sperm and eggs

A duplicated chromosome consists of two ______. genomes centrosomes sister chromatids centromeres

sister chromatids

Cytokinesis typically begins during the ______ stage of mitosis. anaphase metaphase telophase prophase

telophase

Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Which is it? the events of meiosis II the events of meiosis I crossing over independent assortment

the events of meiosis II

During telophase ______. the events of prophase are reversed sister chromatids separate chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell the nuclear envelope breaks up

the events of prophase are reversed

Which of the following occurs during prophase? The nuclear envelope forms. Sister chromatids separate. The mitotic spindle begins to form. Chromosomes line up on the midline of the cell.

the miotic spindle begins to form

The cell cycle results in the production of ______. -two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information -four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material but with different genetic information -two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information -four cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information

two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information