Chapter 9

The nurse is planning community education on the prevalence and incidence of disabilities in the United States. The nurse includes that, according to the U.S. Census (2010), what percentage of people are diagnosed with a disability?

20

The instructor provides corrective information to the nursing student when the student refers to the client as the

COPDer in 216

The nurse recognizes which disorder as a developmental disability in a patient?

Cerebral palsy

The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes. Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic illness?

Chronic illness affects the entire family.

Which statement is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.

The nurse is working with a client who has difficulty controlling her blood sugar. The overweight client does not adhere to a low-calorie diet and forgets to take medications and check her blood glucose level. The client's glycohemoglobin is 8.5%. When establishing a goal for the client, the nurse first

Collaborates with the client to establish an agreed-upon goal

Which phase of the Trajectory Model does the nurse recognize is present when the patient is in remission, after an exacerbation of illness?

Comeback

A nursing instructor is discussing the causes of the increasing number of people with chronic conditions. Which of the following would the nurse correctly identify as a cause?

Early detection and treatment of diseases

When caring for clients with disabilities, nurses need to understand not only pathophysiological issues but also the concept of disability. Which of the following statements to the client demonstrates that the nurse understands the concept of disability?

"I have collaborated with a social worker to assess your needs for after discharge."

A nurse prepares a diabetes prevention health seminar for community residents. Her teaching points should emphasize the most important factor influencing metabolic syndrome (pre-diabetes). What is that factor?

Obesity

A nurse is caring for a client with multiple chronic conditions and some physical disabilities. The nurse is using "people-first" language with the following statement during end-of-shift report:

"Last evening, Mr. Rudd, a 44-year-old patient with diabetes was admitted to the unit."

A client with multiple sclerosis is being discharged. The nurse understands that living with chronic conditions imposes many challenges, including the need to accomplish the following. Select all that apply.

-Alleviate and manage symptoms -Validate individual self-worth -Validate family functioning

Clients must contend with chronic illness daily. Nurses relate more effectively to clients when they understand the following as characteristics of chronic illness. Choose all that apply.

-The management of chronic conditions is a process of discovery. -Managing chronic conditions must be a collaborative process. -Chronic illness affects the entire family.

A common misconception is that chronic diseases affect mostly high-income countries. In fact, a great percentage of deaths are from chronic diseases in low and middle-income countries. What is the percentage?

80

An elderly female client who has dizziness and osteoporosis fell at home and fractured her hip. She underwent surgical intervention for repair of the fractured hip and is now being discharged to a subacute care facility. In the comeback phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness, the nurse

Acknowledges the client's achievement when she walks to the bedside commode with her walker

A client is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client takes metformin (Glucophage) and exenatide (Byetta) and reports adhering to her diet. The glycohemoglobin is 5.9%. In the stable phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness, the nurse

Acknowledges to the client she is performing satisfactorily

The client has diabetes, reports blurry vision, and admits to nonadherence to the diet and medications. The home health nurse checks the client's fasting blood glucose level, which is 412 mg/dL. The nurse assesses that the client is in the phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness known as

Acute

An 80-year-old client with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis has difficulty ambulating and is seeking a prescription for a walker. The nurse assesses the client's type of disability as

Age-associated

The nurse practitioner has four patients with chronic illness that require consistent medical and nursing management. Select the condition that is the best example of a "chronically critical and progressively ill" condition.

End-stage renal disease

A nurse is talking on the phone with a doctor and states, "I am calling you about Mrs. Nye, my client with cancer in room 213." This is an example of what type of language that is important to all people?

People-first

The client had a cerebrovascular accident with drooping of the face. Speech is slurred. The nurse is obtaining the admission assessment data. It would be best for the nurse to

Repeat back what the client states.

The nurse is providing teaching for a client in a wheelchair. How will the nurse provide teaching?

Sitting down in a chair during the teaching.

During which phase of the Trajectory Model of chronic illness is the focus of nursing care on reinforcing positive behaviors and offering ongoing monitoring?

Stable

Which of the following describes the crisis phase of the trajectory model of chronic illness?

The client is experiencing a critical or life-threatening situation requiring emergency treatment.

A client has constant pain and peripheral neuropathy following chemotherapy for cancer. The nurse assesses the following behavior as a common characteristic of a person with a chronic illness:

The client stops taking some medications due to side effects that are disturbing to the client.

The number of people with disabilities is expected to increase over time. What is a major contributor to this prediction?

The survival of people with severe trauma, chronic disorders, and early-onset disabilites

A client is hospitalized with a traumatic brain injury following an automobile accident. The client has difficulty processing information and needs information to be repeated. A consulting physician enters the room. The nurse

Turns off the television

A young female client smokes two packs of cigarettes and drinks a six-pack of beer each day. The nurse is attempting to teach the client about smoking cessation and decreasing alcohol intake. The client states, "My grandmother lived to be in her 90s, and she smoked and drank. I come from good genes." The most apropriate statement by the nurse is

"Certain illnesses can be traced to common risk factors and can be prevented."

A client has had multiple admissions for heart failure. The client is now on continuous oxygen, bedridden, and provided care by his family. The nurse discusses end-of-life preferences with the client. The nurse assesses the client is in the phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness known as

Downward

A student nurse approaches a nursing instructor and states that a client was just told that she had a "chronic condition." The student asks the instructor what "chronic condition" means. What would be the instructor's best response?

"Chronic conditions are illnesses or diseases that have a prolonged course."

The nurse is caring for an adult paraplegic with an ostomy. Which is an appropriate statement for the nurse to make?

"Do you need assistance managing your ostomy?"

A nurse is assigned to work with a client who has a disability. The nurse believes that all people with disabilities have a poor quality of life and are dependent and nonproductive. What type of barrier will this client experience?

Attitudinal barrier

A graduate nurse is assigned to care for a client with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The client also has Down syndrome. During the shift, the nurse discovers that the client lives alone and holds a full-time job. Which type of disability would the nurse state the client has?

Developmental