Chapter 9 Astonomy

Which planets have a rapid rotation?

Earth Mars

Volcanism, Impact Cratering, or Erosion? - Earth's Grand Canyon

Erosion

Rank the planets based on their expected cooling rates, from fastest cooling to slowest cooling

Fastest Cooling - Mercury - Mars - Venus - Earth Slowest Cooling

What Planets would be small terrestrial worlds?

Mercury Mars Earth's Moon

Which planets have a slow rotation?

Mercury Venus Earth's Moon

is a high-elevation region dotted by tall volcanoes

Tharsis Bulge

Australis is composed of relatively old and thick

continental crust

terrestrial worlds at intermediate distances from the sun

earth

the earthquakes that occur in Southern California generally occur above a

fault

What single factor explains why the planet should have these characteristics?

has a large size for a terrestrial planet

Old Faithful Geyser at Yellowstone National Park in the United States acquires its energy from a

hot spot

Volcanism, Impact Cratering, or Erosion? - old surface features of the lunar highlands

impact cratering

Which geologic processes are most clearly evident in the southern highlands?

impact cratering and erosion

- found in the Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe is composed of dense and relatively young rock

seafloor crust

The slowly increasing distance between South America and Africa is due to

seafoor spreading

layered - exposed by erosion can be seen when looking at the Grand Canyon in the United States

sedimentary rock

The extremely deep ocean Marianas Trench is a result of

subduction

Which of the following statements about the Tharsis Bulge, often simply called "Tharsis," are true?

- Tharis has several large volcanoes - One end of Valled Mariners is connected to Tharsis - Tharsis haș higher elevation than surrounding regions

Based on Planet Z's size, orbital distance, and rotation rate, which of the following properties is it likely to have?

- an atmosphere produced by outgassing - active volcanoes - active tectonics

The large, roundish, low-elevation region in the southern hemisphere is called

Hellas Basin

Rank the planets based on the amount of time the surface of the planet has had a moderate to high level of volcanic/tectonic activity, from longest to shortest.

Longest time - Earth - Mars - Mercury Shortest time

The tallest mountain on Mars is called

Olympus

Which of the following Mars surface features provides dramatic evidence that volcanism has played a role in shaping the surface of Mars?

Olympus Mons

Assuming that features you see on Mars are similar to features found on Earth, what would a casual inspection of the interactive photo of Mars lead you to suspect about water on Mars?

Surface water only exists as frozen ice

The long, deep canyon running along the equator is called

Valles Marina

What planets would be large terrestrial worlds?

Venus Earth

Volcanism, Impact Cratering, or Erosion? - big island of hawaii - smooth surfaces of the lunar Maria - Mars's Olympus Mons

Volcanism

In Part A, you found that Planet Z should not have strong winds and violent storms. What single change to Planet Z's characteristics would cause it to have strong winds and violent storms?

a faster rotation rate

In Part A, you found that Planet Z should not have polar ice caps or liquid water. What single change to Planet Z's characteristics would allow it to have these things?

a greater distance from its star

In Part A, you found that Planet Z should not have seasons. What single change to Planet Z's characteristics would cause it to have seasons?

a larger axis tilt

terrestrial worlds far from the sun

mars

Terrestrial worlds close to the sun

mercury