Chapter 9

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Common risks factors for anemia in athletes are all of the following except Foot-strike hemolysis High altitude training Adequate intake of red meat Rapid growth spurt

Adequate intake of red meat

Which vitamins are essential for red blood cell formation? Niacin and riboflavin Vitamins C and E Cobalamin and folate Choline and biotin

Cobalamin and folate

Which is a risk factor for exercise-induced asthma? Moderate temperature Cold environment Windy conditions Sunny

Cold environment

Increased lactic acid production during exercise would Increase blood pH Decrease respiration rates Decrease respiration depth Decrease blood pH

Decrease blood pH

Which of the following is a cause for hematuria? Increased kidney function Sedentary lifestyle Increased liver metabolism Dehydration

Dehydration

Which is a precursor to uric acid formation? Guanine Dietary purines Caffeine Dietary pyrimidines

Dietary purines

Male athletes are at a greater risk for poor iron status than female athletes. True False

False

A trained athlete will reach a steady state of oxygen consumption At a similar rate as an untrained person Faster than an untrained person Slower than an untrained person Whereas as untrained person will not reach steady state

Faster than an untrained person

Which athlete is at the highest risk for poor iron status? Female endurance runner Male endurance runner Female sprinter Male sprinter

Female endurance runner

Which is not a measure of oxidative damage? DNA oxidation products Ferritin Protein oxidation Oxidized lipids

Ferritin

Chocolate is a source for which of the following antioxidants? Vitamin E Carotenoids Flavonoids Glutathione

Flavonoids

Which food groups contribute the most to dietary consumption of glutathione? Fruits and vegetables Grains and legumes Pork and poultry Fish and shellfish

Fruits and vegetables

Where is the majority of iron found in the body? Liver Hemoglobin and myoglobin DNA and RNA GI tract

Hemoglobin and myoglobin

Greater oxygen delivery to working muscles Improves VO2 max Lowers VO2 max Improves anaerobic performance Decreases anaerobic performance

Improves VO2 max

Athletes may have increase in reactive oxygen species because of Poor nutrient intake Increase in energy metabolism Intake of nutrient dense foods Sedentary lifestyle

Increase in energy metabolism

Which carotenoid is important for protecting eyes from damage? Lycopene B - carotene Lutein B - cryptoxanthin

Lutein

Where is most ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q10) found in the body? Cardiac cells Red blood cells Cell cytosol Mitochondria

Mitochondria

The majority of air we breathe is made of which molecule? Argon Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen

Nitrogen

A good practice for prescribing diets for athletes that reduce the risk of iron deficiency and maximize performance is to consume Calorie dense, sugary foods High fat foods Nutrient dense foods Alcohol at every meal

Nutrient dense foods

What is responsible for carrying oxygen to peripheral cells? Albumin Red Blood Cells (RBCs) Immune cells (neutrophils, leukocytes, monocytes) White blood cells (WBC)

Red Blood Cells (RBCs)

Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by red blood cells that are Large Small and lose color Crescent-shaped Small

Small and lose color

Which is the first enzyme antioxidant that acts to help neutralize superoxide?

Superoxide dismutase

If hemoglobin is low, the body will sequester iron from iron-containing enzymes and myoglobin, which may restore hemoglobin levels but lower iron storage and reduce performance. This situation shows why it is important to measure hemoglobin and ________ to assess iron status. Ceruloplasmin Transferrin Retinol-binding protein Whole blood

Transferrin

Athletes may experience a pseudo anemia when blood volume expands faster than red blood cells are made. True False

True

What is not an endogenous antioxidant? Vitamin D Glutathione Vitamin E Selenium

Vitamin D


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