Chapter 9
Common risks factors for anemia in athletes are all of the following except Foot-strike hemolysis High altitude training Adequate intake of red meat Rapid growth spurt
Adequate intake of red meat
Which vitamins are essential for red blood cell formation? Niacin and riboflavin Vitamins C and E Cobalamin and folate Choline and biotin
Cobalamin and folate
Which is a risk factor for exercise-induced asthma? Moderate temperature Cold environment Windy conditions Sunny
Cold environment
Increased lactic acid production during exercise would Increase blood pH Decrease respiration rates Decrease respiration depth Decrease blood pH
Decrease blood pH
Which of the following is a cause for hematuria? Increased kidney function Sedentary lifestyle Increased liver metabolism Dehydration
Dehydration
Which is a precursor to uric acid formation? Guanine Dietary purines Caffeine Dietary pyrimidines
Dietary purines
Male athletes are at a greater risk for poor iron status than female athletes. True False
False
A trained athlete will reach a steady state of oxygen consumption At a similar rate as an untrained person Faster than an untrained person Slower than an untrained person Whereas as untrained person will not reach steady state
Faster than an untrained person
Which athlete is at the highest risk for poor iron status? Female endurance runner Male endurance runner Female sprinter Male sprinter
Female endurance runner
Which is not a measure of oxidative damage? DNA oxidation products Ferritin Protein oxidation Oxidized lipids
Ferritin
Chocolate is a source for which of the following antioxidants? Vitamin E Carotenoids Flavonoids Glutathione
Flavonoids
Which food groups contribute the most to dietary consumption of glutathione? Fruits and vegetables Grains and legumes Pork and poultry Fish and shellfish
Fruits and vegetables
Where is the majority of iron found in the body? Liver Hemoglobin and myoglobin DNA and RNA GI tract
Hemoglobin and myoglobin
Greater oxygen delivery to working muscles Improves VO2 max Lowers VO2 max Improves anaerobic performance Decreases anaerobic performance
Improves VO2 max
Athletes may have increase in reactive oxygen species because of Poor nutrient intake Increase in energy metabolism Intake of nutrient dense foods Sedentary lifestyle
Increase in energy metabolism
Which carotenoid is important for protecting eyes from damage? Lycopene B - carotene Lutein B - cryptoxanthin
Lutein
Where is most ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q10) found in the body? Cardiac cells Red blood cells Cell cytosol Mitochondria
Mitochondria
The majority of air we breathe is made of which molecule? Argon Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen
Nitrogen
A good practice for prescribing diets for athletes that reduce the risk of iron deficiency and maximize performance is to consume Calorie dense, sugary foods High fat foods Nutrient dense foods Alcohol at every meal
Nutrient dense foods
What is responsible for carrying oxygen to peripheral cells? Albumin Red Blood Cells (RBCs) Immune cells (neutrophils, leukocytes, monocytes) White blood cells (WBC)
Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Iron-deficiency anemia is characterized by red blood cells that are Large Small and lose color Crescent-shaped Small
Small and lose color
Which is the first enzyme antioxidant that acts to help neutralize superoxide?
Superoxide dismutase
If hemoglobin is low, the body will sequester iron from iron-containing enzymes and myoglobin, which may restore hemoglobin levels but lower iron storage and reduce performance. This situation shows why it is important to measure hemoglobin and ________ to assess iron status. Ceruloplasmin Transferrin Retinol-binding protein Whole blood
Transferrin
Athletes may experience a pseudo anemia when blood volume expands faster than red blood cells are made. True False
True
What is not an endogenous antioxidant? Vitamin D Glutathione Vitamin E Selenium
Vitamin D