Chapter 9: Photosynthesis
ATP(adenosine triphosphate)
compound used by cells to store and release energy
energy is defined as the ability to..
do work
identify and describe the two main parts of a chloroplast where photosynthesis occurs
grana-stacks of thylakoid membranes stroma-liquid outside the thylakoid membrane and inside the chloroplast
why do the leaves of deciduous trees change color in the fall?
in the autumn, chlorophyll production slows down and then stops and eventually all the chlorophyll is destroyed
Write the basic equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
which of the following is used by cells to store and release the energy needed to power cellular respiration
ATP
Heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food.
How do heterotrophs and autotrophs differ in the way they obtain energy?
Autotrophs are able to manufacture energy from the sun, but heterotrophs must rely on other organisms for energy
why is water necessary in photosynthesis (think photolysis)?
In the process of photosynthesis, water provides the electron that binds the hydrogen atom to the carbon to give sugar (glucose)
Pigment
Light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy
Plants use the green pigment chlorophyll to
absorb sunlight
ATP synthase
an enzyme for the synthesis of ATP; consists of a cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass (293)
Name three important factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis
light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature.
what can alter the rate of photosynthesis?
light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature.
Calvin cycle
light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar (294)
Autotroph
organisms that make their own food (producers)
which of the following is NOT a from of energy
oxygen
Chlorophyll
principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms
Photosynthesis
process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power
colors of white light
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
light-independent reactions
set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle
Light-dependent reactions
set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
which of the following describe the role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle
transfer of carbon from the atmosphere to the biosphere
which statement accurately describes the role of the light-independent reactions?
transferring chemical energy among different compounds