Chapter 9: Photosynthesis

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ATP(adenosine triphosphate)

compound used by cells to store and release energy

energy is defined as the ability to..

do work

identify and describe the two main parts of a chloroplast where photosynthesis occurs

grana-stacks of thylakoid membranes stroma-liquid outside the thylakoid membrane and inside the chloroplast

why do the leaves of deciduous trees change color in the fall?

in the autumn, chlorophyll production slows down and then stops and eventually all the chlorophyll is destroyed

Write the basic equation for photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

which of the following is used by cells to store and release the energy needed to power cellular respiration

ATP

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food.

How do heterotrophs and autotrophs differ in the way they obtain energy?

Autotrophs are able to manufacture energy from the sun, but heterotrophs must rely on other organisms for energy

why is water necessary in photosynthesis (think photolysis)?

In the process of photosynthesis, water provides the electron that binds the hydrogen atom to the carbon to give sugar (glucose)

Pigment

Light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy

Plants use the green pigment chlorophyll to

absorb sunlight

ATP synthase

an enzyme for the synthesis of ATP; consists of a cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass (293)

Name three important factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis

light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature.

what can alter the rate of photosynthesis?

light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature.

Calvin cycle

light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar (294)

Autotroph

organisms that make their own food (producers)

which of the following is NOT a from of energy

oxygen

Chlorophyll

principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms

Photosynthesis

process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power

colors of white light

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

light-independent reactions

set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle

Light-dependent reactions

set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

which of the following describe the role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle

transfer of carbon from the atmosphere to the biosphere

which statement accurately describes the role of the light-independent reactions?

transferring chemical energy among different compounds


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