Chapter 9 - Sexual orientation

pederasty

A same-sex sexual behavior between adult men and boys.

sexual identity development

A term for disclosing one's homosexuality or bisexuality to others.

gay

A term generally used to refer to male homosexuals, although in some places it is used to refer to homosexuals of either sex.

straight

A term used by homosexuals for a heterosexual.

should not attempt to change

APA and AMA's official position is that therapists _____ one's sexual orientation

young adult women

According to national surveys by the Williams Institute (2011) and Gallup (2012), which group has the highest prevalence of individuals who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual?

less than 4%

According to the 2010 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, what percentage of adult women reported that they had given or received oral sex with another woman in the past year?

Probably bisexual

Alice enjoys sex with men most of the time, but she often enjoys sex with women as well. Jamie has never had intercourse but he feels a strong sexual attraction for men as well as for women.

asexual

An individual with a lifelong lack of sexual attraction to men or women.

heterosexual

An individual with a sexual orientation primarily to members of the opposite sex.

homosexual

An individual with a sexual orientation primarily to members of the same sex.

bisexual

An individual with a sexual orientation toward both men and women.

homophobia

An irrational fear of homosexual individuals and homosexuality.

Bisexuality

Attraction to people of either sex

homosexual

Bob is a man who has a preferential attraction primarily to other men. Bob's sexual orientation is __________.

probably homosexual

Carl sometimes enjoys sex with women, but prefers sexual relations with men

sexual prejudice

Coming out is difficult in a society filled with

coming out

Disclosing to others one's homosexual orientation, from the expression "coming out of the closet."

not enough information to guess

Frank has had sex with both men and women. Teresa is 12 years old and her few sexual experiences have been exclusively with girls her own age. Matthew occasionally goes to bathhouses and lets other men give him oral-genital sex.

does not change their sexual orientation

Giving testosterone to adult homosexual males __________.

telling family and friends of her sexual orientation

Grace is in the third stage of coming out. What is she likely doing?

Probably hetersexual

Henry has had a few same-sex sexual experiences, but has had sexual contact only with women since he turned 15 ten years ago. Diane is attracted to men and has only had sex with men, but she occasionally has sexual fantasies about women. Although Fred is celibate (he has never had sex with anyone), he feels sexual attraction for women.

10%

In 1952, Kallman found a __________ concordance for homosexual orientation in fraternal twins.

reparative

In our society currently, attempts to change homosexuals' orientation are most commonly conducted by religious fundamentalist groups in what is called __________ therapy.

4.2%

In the 2010 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, __________ of adult men identified themselves as homosexual.

heterosexual

Joe has a preferential attraction primarily to members of the opposite sex. Joe's sexual orientation is __________.

bisexual

Jolene has a sexual attraction toward both men and women. Jolene's sexual orientation is __________.

probably homosexual

Joyce was once married and enjoyed sex with her husband, but now she prefers to have sexual relations exclusively with women. Carl sometimes enjoys sex with women, but he prefers sexual relations with men. Steve is 19 years old and his only sexual experiences have been with women, but all his sexual fantasies are about men.

approximately 1%

Kendra describes herself as asexual. She is among the __________ percent of the population that defines itself this way.

hormones

Many researchers believe that differences in ____ before or shortly after we are born predispose us to a particular orientations

probably transsexual

Michael believes he is a woman and has sex only with men

gay

Most homosexuals prefer the term __________ for a male homosexual.

61%

Of the general population, __________ of Americans support same-sex marriage.

Heterosexuality

Preferential attraction to other-sex people

Homosexuality

Preferential attraction to same-sex people

oedipus

Psychoanalytic explanations state that heterosexuality is the normal outcome and that homosexuality results from problems in resolving the _____ complex

sexual prejudice

Socially reinforced negative attitudes toward homosexuals, homosexual communities, and homosexual behaviors.

thomas aquinas

This saint began the view that homosexuality was against the laws of nature

only about one third

Two studies conducted in the twentieth century of numerous cultures found that __________ disapproved of homosexuality.

Ellen

What TV show became the first to be built around (and star) a lesbian?

No birth order effect is observed.

What effect does birth order have on the probability that a woman will be homosexual?

Levels increase dramatically when the testicles develop in week 7 after conception, reach a peak between weeks 10-22, and then decline to the same levels as are found in baby girls.

What is known about testosterone during prenatal and early development in males?

Admit to oneself that one has a homosexual or bisexual orientation.

What is the first stage in sexual identity development?

Get to know other homosexuals.

What is the second stage in coming out?

about 91%

What percentage of gays and lesbians say that their community is more tolerant than in the past?

17.4%

What percentage of women report some type of same-sex sexual contact in their lifetime?

lesbian

What term derived from the name of a Greek island is used for a female homosexual?

1994

What year did the American Medical Association reverse a long-standing policy of recommending that psychiatrists make efforts to turn unhappy homosexuals into heterosexuals?

Finding companions and sexual partners can be difficult for many gays and lesbians in rural areas and small towns.

Which of the following is accurate regarding homosexuals finding companions and sexual partners?

It is very common for lesbian and bisexual women not to recognize their orientation until later.

Which of the following statements is accurate about males and females and their sexual orientation?

social learning theory

_________ regards homosexuality and heterosexuality as learned behaviors.

Russia

__________ banned homosexual athletes and tourists from attending the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Straight

__________ is a term used by homosexuals for a heterosexual person.

lesbian

a female homosexual

false

a homosexual orientation indicates a gender identity problem

false

a male homosexual can be made heterosexual by administering large doses of testosterone

true

about 10% of american men and women have had same-sex sexual experiences

probably bisexual

alice enjoys sex with men most of the time, but she often enjoys sex with women as well

brains

anatomical studies found differences in the _____ of heterosexual and homosexuals

more

anthropologists find that most societies are _____ tolerant of homosexuality than prevailing attitudes in US

interact

biological and social influences ____ to produce sexual orientation

false

bisexual is anyone who has had sex with both men and women

false

bisexuals are people who are afraid to admit to themselves their real homosexuality

false

children raised by openly homosexual parents are more likely to develop a homosexual orientation

roles

conformity or nonconformity with gender _____ does not always predict ones sexual orientation

probably homosexual

diane has had sex only with men, but occasionally has homosexual fantasies

ancient greeks/ romans

early societies that accepted homosexuality

false

extremely effeminate boys always develop a homosexual orientation

admitting to oneself that one has a homosexual orientation

first stage in coming out

not enough information

frank has had sex with both men and women

probably heterosexual

henry has had a few same-sex sexual experiences, but has had sex only with women since he turned 15 ten years ago

false

homosexuals almost always act or dress differently than heterosexuals

coming out

identifying oneself as homosexual

false

if one identical twin is homosexual the other twin always is too

true

in some cultures, same sex sexual behavior is considered normal for boys during adolescence

probably homosexual

joyce has been married and enjoys sexual relations with her husband, but now prefers women

false

many homosexuals and bisexuals have gender dysphoria

probably transsexual

mary's gender identity is not consistent with her anatomical sex

not enough info

matthew occasional goes to bathhouses and lets other men give him oral-genital sex

false

most homosexuals adopt a single role in their relationships

false

most homosexuals are unhappy with their sexual orientation and would like to become heterosexual

false

most lesbians have no had pleasurable sexual relations with men

false

people who have had same-sex sexual experiences are by definition, homosexual

1.5 to 4.5%

percent of females that have homosexual or bisexual orientation

3 to 7%

percent of males that have homosexual or bisexual orientation

false

recent studies support kinsey's findings that 10% of american men are homosexual

true

researchers have found a higher rate of concordance for homosexuality between identical twins than between nonidentical twins

Distinct preferences

sexual orientation defined as ______ consistently made after adolescence in the presence of clear alternatives

Sambian

society in Melanesia, all boys engage in same sex sexual behaviors for many years, yet large majority are heterosexual

probably homosexual

steve is 19 years old and his only sexual experiences have been with women, but all his sexual fantasies are about men

true

studies have found that areas of the hypothalamus are different in male heterosexuals and homosexuals

genetic

studies with twins indicate a ______ factors

gender identities

the ______ of the vast majority of homosexuals and bisexuals are just as strong and consistent with their anatomical sex among heterosexuals

false

the pathway to heterosexual sexual identity is smooth and uniform

not enough information

tom is 12 years old and his few sexual experiences have been exclusively with boys his age

2,3, or 4

true bisexual would have rating of ______ on Kinsey's 7 point scale

true

women who have had same-sex sexual relations are more likely to be bisexual than homosexual

Sexual orientation

A distinct preference for sexual partners of a particular sex in the presence of clear alternatives

sexual orientation

A distinct preference for sexual partners of a particular sex in the presence of clear alternatives.

250,000

The 2000 U.S. census revealed that __________ children live in households with same-sex parents.