Chapter 9

a. Gomphosis b. Syndesmosis 1. Periodontal membrane 2. Interosseous membrane

A, B

Match the items. a. Diarthrosis b. Synarthrosis c. Amphiarthrosis 1. Immobile joint 2. Slightly mobile joint 3. Freely mobile joint

B, C, A

Which of these fibrous joints is functionally classified as amphiarthrotic? a. gomphosis b. suture c. syndesmosis

C

Which of these is NOT a serrate suture? sagittal lambdoidal coronal squamous

squamous

Which of these terms refers to turning the sole of the foot medially? a. inversion b. eversion c. plantar flexion d. dorsiflexon

A

a. Amphiarthrotic b. Synarthrotic 1. Synchondrosis 2. Symphysis

B, A

Which of these is NOT an example of a symphysis? a. Intervertebral disc b. Joint between left and right pubic bones c. joint between first rib and sternum

C

Match the items. a. Syndesmosis b. Suture c. Gomphosis 1. Tooth in socket 2. Joint between skull bones 3. Fibrous membrane between shafts of radius and ulna, or distallly between tibia and fibula

C, B, A

Which of these is NOT a function of synovial fluid? a. Lubricate articular cartilage b. Nourish the articular cartilage (since cartilage is avascular) c. Shock absorber d. Packing material around the edges of a joint

D

Which of these terms refers to SLIGHTLY movable joints? amphiarthrosis synarthrosis diarthrosis synostosis

amphiarthrosis

Which of these is NOT a cartilaginous joint? pubic symphysis ribs to sternum epiphyseal plate of any growing long bone intervertebral discs holding vertebral bodies together articular cartilage at any synovial joint

articular cartilage at any synovial joint

Which of these is a multiaxial joint? saddle pivot hinge condyloid (ellipsoid) ball and socket

ball and socket

Which of these terms refers to movement of a bone anteriorly, on a horizontal plane? depression retraction protraction elevation

protaction

Which of these is a pivot joint? atlanto-occipital wrist (radiocarpal) ankle atlantoaxial

atlantoaxial

Which of these is NOT a hinge joint? a. Temperomandibular b. Glenohumeral c. Elbow d. Interphalangeal

B

Match the items. a. Tendon sheath b. Bursa 1. Fibrous, sac-like structure that contains synovial fluid and is found where friction would be a problem. 2. An elongated synovial=membrane lined sac that prevents tendons from rubbing against each other.

B, A

Match the items. a. Second-class b. First-class c. Third-class 1. Type of lever with fulcrum between resistance and effort; example is atlanto-occipital joint. 2. Type of lever with resistance between fulcrum and effort; not common in the body. 3. Type of lever with effort between resistance and fulcrum; most common type in the body.

B, A, C

Match the items. a. Rheumatoid arthritis b. Osteoarthritis c. Gouty arthritis 1. Associated with an increased level of uric acid, which crystallizes in synovial fluid and causes pain and swelling, typically in the great toe. 2. Also called degenerative joint disease, this is sometimes called 'wear and tear' arthritis and is seen in older individuals. 3. This is an arthritis of young or old, and is the result of an autoimmune condition in which the synovial membranes are under attack.

C, B, A

Match the items. a. Resistance b. Effort c. Lever d. Fulcrum 1. Long, rigid structure that rotates around a fixed point 2. The fixed point 3. THe force applied to create movment 4. The load being moved

C, D, B, A

A joint disorder that is an autoimmune attack on the synovial membranes and results in ossification of the joint is gout rheumatoid arthritis bursitis osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Which of these is NOT a condyloid (ellipsoid) joint? all of these are condyloid joints knee metacarpophalangeal radiocarpal (wrist)

knee

Where are synchondroses found? [mark all correct answers] a. epiphyseal plates b. rib joints c. pubic symphysis d. spheno-occipital joint

A, B, D

Which of these is a unique movement of the thumb? a. elevation b. depression c. protraction d. retraction e. opposition

E

Which of these terms refers to movement of a part away from the midsagittal line? flexion abduction extension adduction

abduction

Which of these terms refers to decreasing the angle of a joint? extension abduction adduction flexion

flexion

Which of these refers to turning the sole of the foot medially? inversion plantarflexion eversion pronation

inversion

Which of these is found ONLY in a few, selected synovial joints? articular capsule articular cartilage meniscus synovial fluid

meniscus

Which of these is a fibrous joint type? synovial suture all of these are fibrous joint types symphysis

suture

Which of these is NOT a hinge joint? elbow knee finger toe thumb (trapeziometacarpal)

thumb (trapeziometacarpal)

Which of these is an example of a gomphosis? fusion of first rib and sternum tooth in socket interosseous membrane joining tibia and fibula intervertebral discs

tooth in socket