Chapter One Biomechanics

Which of the following conversions is accurate? A. 2.54 cm = 1 in B. 2.54 in = 1 cm C. 4.45 lb = 1 N D. none of the above

2.54cm = 1 in

A 200 lb. man weighs approximately what in metric units?

890 N

Biomechanical research has contributed to which of the following? A. injury prevention B. enhanced sport performance C. equipment design D. all of the above

All

Exercise walking can have which of the following effects? A. improved balance in older adults B. decreased likelihood of falls in older adults C. decreased risk of osteoporosis for women D. all of the above

All

Possible detrimental effects of knee braces include(s) which of the following? A. changes muscle activity during gait B. reduces sprinting speed C. increases onset of fatigue D. all of the above

All

Which of the following affects the flight of a discus? A. speed at release B. projection angle C. orientation angle relative to the wind D. all of the above

All

Which of the following are anthropometric factors? A. the length of a forearm B. the shape of a body C. the weight of the trunk D. all of the above

All of the above

Which of the following are components of a structured approach to problem solving? A. writing down the given information B. drawing a diagram representing the problem situation C. rereading the problem to look for additional information that may be inferred from the problem statement D. all of the above

All of the above

Which of the following characterizes a formal problem? A. a goal or answer B. a set of given information C. a set of operations that can be used to arrive at the desired answer from the given information D. all of the above

All of the above

Which of the following professionals regularly make use of qualitative observations? A. teachers B. coaches C. clinicians D. all of the above

All of the above

Which of the following topics might be studied by biomechanists? A. optimal form during the pole vault B. forces on the spine during lifting C. the mechanics of the jump shot D. all of the above

All of the above

Biomechanics has roots in which of the following disciplines? A. physics B. biology C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

Both A and B

Which of the following could be performed by a biomechanist? A. quantitative analysis of human movement B. qualitative analysis of human movement C. both A and B D. none of the above

Both A and B

Which of the following is an example of a kinetic consideration? A. muscle force producing a vertical jump B. impact force landing from a jump C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

Both A and B

Which of the following is an example of a static situation? A. a cyclist riding at a constant velocity B. a person balancing motionless on one foot C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

Both A and B

Which of the following is included in sports medicine? A. clinical aspects of exercise and sport B. scientific aspects of exercise and sport C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

Both A and B

Which of the following is true about carpal tunnel syndrome? A. it is a neurological impairment B. it is associated with repetitive keyboard use C. both A and B D. none of the above

Both A and B

Which of the following is true regarding mechanics? A. branch of physics B. analyzes the actions of forces on particles C. both A and B D. none of the above

Both A and B

Which of the following questions about the long jump should be answered quantitatively? A. What is the horizontal velocity at take-off? B. What is the angle at take-off? C. both A and B D. neither A nor B

Both A and B

Which type of analysis involves identifying, analyzing and answering a question of interest? A. quantitative B. qualitative C. both A and B D. none of the above

Both A and B

The kinetics of an exercise or sport skill execution is commonly known as form or technique. [true/false]

FALSE

Which of the following countries uses the metric system?

France, Germany, Japan

Which of the following statements is true regarding qualitative analysis?

It does not involve the use of numbers

Which of the following is true about osteoporosis? A. it is a disease with acute onset B. it inevitably accompanies aging C. it is a lifestyle disease that develops and progresses over a number of years D. all of the above are true

It is a lifestyle disease that develops and progresses over a number of years

What is the base unit for mass in the metric system?

Kilogram

Which of the following is an example of equipment designed to enhance performance?

Klapskate aerodynamic helmet

In which of the following systems of measurement are units of the same variable related to each other by factors of ten?

Metric system

What does the word qualitative mean?

Pertaining to quality

What are the risk factors for osteoporosis?

Physical inactivity, estrogen deficiency, excessive consumption of caffeine

. Which of the following defines inference?

Process of forming deductions from available information

.The high incidence of knee injuries among snow skiers is partially due to which of the following?

Rigid boot which limit ankle motion

Force can be thought of as a push or pull acting on a body.

TRUE

More than half of all sport injuries are to the knee.

TRUE

Promising work in the development of intervention strategies has shown that the key to preventing falls may be the ability to limit trunk motion.

TRUE

Within the fields of kinesiology and exercise science, the living organism most commonly of interest to the biomechanist is the human body. [true/false]

TRUE

Biomechanical analysis has revealed which of the following about high velocity pitchers compared to lower velocity pitchers? A. they have greater internal rotation at the shoulder B. they have greater upright posture at release C. they have higher angular velocity of the pelvis and upper torso D. all of the above

They have higher angular velocity of the pelvis and upper torso

What term is given to considerations such as the size, shape, and weight of body segments?

anthropometric

Which of the following is true? A. No particular biomechanical factors have been associated with running economy. B. 3-year olds walking fast can use 70% more energy than adults. C. both A and B D. none of the above

both A and B

An overuse condition caused by compression of the median nerve, involving numbness, tingling and pain in the hand is called ___________________________

carpel tunnel syndrome

Which of the following is associated with kinematics?

displacement

Sport shoes are designed to prevent ____________________________ and enhance __________________.

excessive loading, performance

The branch of biomechanics which studies the actions of forces is called __________________.

kinetics

Which of the following would not be measured in a kinematic analysis of a tennis serve? A. angular velocity B. linear velocity C. muscular force D. angular acceleration

muscular force

Why is swimming not the best exercise for prevention of osteoporosis?

no weight bearing

A field that focuses on the prevention of work-related injuries and the improvement of working conditions and worker performance is known as ______________ biomechanics.

occupational

______________ refers to an excessive loss of bone mineral mass and strength resulting in one or more fractures

osteoporosis

Astronauts who travel out of the earth's gravitational field have experienced which of the following?

reduced strength

Which of the following terms is applied to the study of systems in a constant state of motion?

statics

Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of biomechanics?

the study of the mechanical aspects of biological organisms