Chapter one quiz sociology

The nations of Western Europe, Israel, Japan, and Australia fall into which category of countries? Select one: a. Middle-income nations b. Low-income nations c. High-income nations d. Socially marginalized nations

C. high-income nations

Karl Marx, speaking for the social-conflict approach, argued that the point of studying society was Select one: a. to bring about greater social equality. b. to compare U.S. society to others. c. to understand how society really operates. d. to foster support for a nation's government.

a, to bring about greater social equality

_______, one of the founding sociologists, urged sociologists to understand a social setting from the point of view of the people in it. a. Max Weber b. Auguste Comte c. Karl Marx d. Emile Durkheim

a. Max Weber

Which of the following examples illustrates a micro-level focus? Select one: a. Two people on an airplane getting to know one another b. Class inequality in the armed forces c. Patterns of global terrorism d. The operation of the U.S. economy

a. Two people on an airplane getting to know one another

C. Wright Mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed ________ Select one: a. personal problems into public issues. b. common sense into laws of society. c. people into supporters of the status quo. d. scientific research into common sense.

a. personal problems into public issues

Comte described the earliest human societies as being at which stage of historical development? Select one: a. Theological stage b. Scientific stage c. Post-scientific stage d. Metaphysical stage

a. theological stage

Which early U.S. sociologist studied the African American community and served as a founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)? Select one: a. Harriet Martineau b. W. E. B. Du Bois c. Jane Addams d. Herbert Spencer

b. W.E.B. Du Bois

Understanding the differences between countries encourages ________ Select one: a. increasing gender inequality. b. increasing our understanding of both of our own lives and the lives of others. c. an increase in global poverty. d. increasing global wealth.

b. increasing our understanding of both our own lives and the lives of others

Almost all of Latin America (excluding Mexico) and almost all of Asia falls in the category of ________ Select one: a. low-income nations. b. middle-income nations. c. high-income nations. d. socially marginalized nations.

b. middle-income nations

The symbolic-interaction approach focuses on how ________ Select one: a. some people protect their privileges. b. people experience society. c. society held together. d. society is divided.

b. people expeience society

The main characteristic of the _____ approach is its view of society as being orderly and stable. Select one: a. social-interaction b. structural-functional c. social-conflict d. tradition-based

b. structural-functional

statement that explains how and why specific facts are related is called a(n) ________ Select one: a. approach. b. theory. c. precept. d. concept.

b. theory

According to Auguste Comte, people living in Europe during the Middle Ages thought of society as ________ Select one: a. a system operating according to its own laws. b. chaotic and having little order or form. c. an expression of God's will. d. a system of behavior according to natural laws.

c. an expression of God's will

According to Emile Durkheim, categories of people with a higher suicide rate typically have ________ Select one: a. higher self-esteem. b. less money, power, and other resources. c. lower levels of social integration. d. more clinical depression.

c. lower levels of social integration.

In the United States today, the suicide rate is highest for which of the following categories of people? Select one: a. White females b. African American males c. White males d. African American females

c. white males

When did sociology become established as an academic discipline in the United States? Select one: a. During the Middle Ages b. About 1800 c. About 2000 d. About 1900

d. about 1900

A social-exchange analysis states that ________ Select one: a. class differences are reflected in favored sports. b. people who do more important work usually earn more pay. c. people build reality as they introduce themselves. d. people typically seek mates who offer as much as they do.

d. people typically seek mates who offer as much as they do

Social structures sometimes have negative consequences for the operation of society as a whole. Which of the following concepts refers to these negative consequences? Select one: a. Social functions b. Social structure c. Manifest functions d. Social dysfunctions

d. social dysfunctions

Understanding marriage using the structural-functional approach might prompt you to consider ________ Select one: a. how can we help people find more pleasure in their marriages. b. how marriage benefits women and men unequally. c. what people think marriage means. d. the consequences of marriage for the operation of society

d. the consequences of marriage for the operation of society

The structural-functional approach is concerned with ________ Select one: a. ways in which each person differs from all others. b. the meaning people attach to their behavior. c. patterns of social inequality. d. the consequences of social patterns for the operation of society.

d. the consewuences of social patterns for the operation of society.