Chapter -- Periodic Table Test

In the periodic table, all noble gasses are listed in a column on the ______ side

Right side

When an electron is pulled back toward the nucleus, it ________

releases the energy it has gained

The number of elements in a period is equal to __________

the electron capacity of the noble gas shells

How many electrons are in the outermost shell of Strontium (Sr, atomic number 38)?

2

How many electrons are unpaired in the outermost shell of sulfur (S, atomic number 16)?

2

How many atomic shells are completely filled for the chlorine ion, Cl^-1 (Cl, atomic number 17)?

3

How many electrons are unpaired in the outermost shell of aluminum (Al, atomic number 13)?

3

How many electrons are in the outermost shell of phosphorus (P, atomic number 15)

5

How many atomic shells are occupied by electrons in the gold atom (Au, atomic number 79)?

6

Which type of solid would have the greatest tendency to shatter upon impact with a hammer?

A nonmetal

Helium (He) and beryllium (Be) are aboth the second elements in their respective intervals. They are not placed directly above and below each other in the periodic table because they

Do not have similar properties

The valence electrons of elements in the same atomic period are similar because elements in the same atomic period have the same number of: unpaired valence electrons valence electrons paired valence electrons

None of the above

The alkali metals (group 1) tend to form 1+ ions while the alkali-earth metals (group 2) tend to form 2+ because

The charges of these ions corresponds to the number of valence electrons that may be lost

How is it possible that as atoms get more massive they become larger in size?

The more massive atoms have a greater number of atomic shells

Both nitrogen and phosphorus are able to attract three more electrons to their outer shells because: these electrons are able to pair with unpaired valence electrons the nuclear charge attracts them there are three more spaces available in their outermost shells

all of the above

A capital letter of or a combination of a capital letter and a small letter that is used to represent an element is called an ________

atomic symbol

In the periodic table, the metalloids are found

diagonally, just right of the center

The inner transition metals are not listed in the main body of the periodic because they

have properties that are unlike those of other atomic groups

The potassium ion ( K^1+ ) is smaller than then neutral potassium atom (K, atomic number 19) because _______

it has one less shell containing electrons

In the periodic table, elements listed in rows between alkali metals and the noble gases range from ______

metals to nonmetals

A negative ion is an atom with _________

more electrons that protons

Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called _______

periods

The horizontal rows of elements are called _______

periods

Although the effective nuclear charge in the outer shell of a neon atom is relatively strong (about 8+), neon has no affinity for an additional electron because _________

there is no more room in its outermost occupied shell

Elements in groups 3-12 are called ______

transition elements

Elements in the middle of the periodic table, periods 4 through 7, are called the ________

transition elements

If an element of atomic number 118 is every synthesized, it would be: chemically inert A gas at room temperature radioactive

All of the above

Each vertical column in the periodic table corresponds to an

Atomic group

Elements of the period table are listed in order of

Atomic number

The number of protons in an atom is the ______

Atomic number

Each horizontal row in the periodic table corresponds to an

Atomic period

An average of the masses of all the isotopes that occur in nature for an element is the _______

Avg atomic mass

Which of the following shows elements in order of increasing ionization (Ar, atomic number 18; Br, atomic number 35; Te, atomic number 52; Bi, atomic number 83)? Bi<Te<Ar<Br Ar<Br<Te<Bi Bi<Te<Br<Ar

Bi<Te<Br<Ar

The property that is not typical of a metal is: A shiny appearance Conduction of heat Conduction of electricity Breaking when bent

Breaking when bent

Alkali metals and halogens are similar because both are ________

Chemically active

Because fluorine has one electron less than a stable number in its outer level, it is ______

Chemically active

Which of the following shows elements in order of increasing atomic size (Cl, atomic number 17; K, atomic number 19; Br, atomic number 35; Rb, atomic number 37)? : K<Br<Rb<Cl Cl<Br<K<Rb

Cl<Br<K<Rb

With increasing atomic number, the atomic size of elements

Decreases gradually with periodic sudden increase

The region around the nucleus occupied by electrons is an _______

Electron cloud

The particles that move about the nucleus and have a negative charge are ______

Electrons

An electric current passing through a gas adds ______ to the gas atoms

Energy

An atom with a stable electron arrangement does not add or lose electrons easily since it has ___________

Full valence shells

Vertical columns of elements are called _______

Groups

Atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons are ________

Isotopes

A total count of the neutrons and protons in the atom is the ________

Mass number

Each vertical column of the periodic table lists elements that are ________

Members of the same chemical family

Elements that have some properties of both metals and nonmetals are

Metalloids

Elements that are found on the left side of the periodic table are _________

Metals

Most of the elements in the periodic chart are ______

Metals

As atoms get more massive, they become smaller in size because _________

More mass means more protons, which act to pull electrons in closer to the nucleus

When added energy overcomes the attractive force between an electron and the nucleus of an atom, the electron __________

Moves away from the nucleus

Because helium has an atomic number of 2, it is an example of a ________

Noble gas

The center of an atom where protons and neutrons are located is the _________

Nucleus

A chart that shows classification of elements is called the ________

Periodic table

Protons and neutrons can be subdivided into ______ by colliding them

Quarks

A radioactive isotope of strontium (Sr) is especially dangerous to humans because it tends to accumulate in bone marrow tissues. How does this relate to the organization of the periodic table?

Strontium and calcium are in the same atomic group, hence they have similar physical and chemical properties

Transition metals are primarily used for

Structural purposes

It is relatively easy to pull an electron away from a potassium atom, but very difficult to removed the second one because

The second electron experiences a far greater effective nuclear chage

Mendeleev was able to predict the properties of a number of undiscovered elements by _______

Using the properties of neighboring elements in his periodic chart

At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, examples of elements in all three phases can be found within the: metals nonmetals metalloids

nonmetals