Chapter -- Periodic Table Test
In the periodic table, all noble gasses are listed in a column on the ______ side
Right side
When an electron is pulled back toward the nucleus, it ________
releases the energy it has gained
The number of elements in a period is equal to __________
the electron capacity of the noble gas shells
How many electrons are in the outermost shell of Strontium (Sr, atomic number 38)?
2
How many electrons are unpaired in the outermost shell of sulfur (S, atomic number 16)?
2
How many atomic shells are completely filled for the chlorine ion, Cl^-1 (Cl, atomic number 17)?
3
How many electrons are unpaired in the outermost shell of aluminum (Al, atomic number 13)?
3
How many electrons are in the outermost shell of phosphorus (P, atomic number 15)
5
How many atomic shells are occupied by electrons in the gold atom (Au, atomic number 79)?
6
Which type of solid would have the greatest tendency to shatter upon impact with a hammer?
A nonmetal
Helium (He) and beryllium (Be) are aboth the second elements in their respective intervals. They are not placed directly above and below each other in the periodic table because they
Do not have similar properties
The valence electrons of elements in the same atomic period are similar because elements in the same atomic period have the same number of: unpaired valence electrons valence electrons paired valence electrons
None of the above
The alkali metals (group 1) tend to form 1+ ions while the alkali-earth metals (group 2) tend to form 2+ because
The charges of these ions corresponds to the number of valence electrons that may be lost
How is it possible that as atoms get more massive they become larger in size?
The more massive atoms have a greater number of atomic shells
Both nitrogen and phosphorus are able to attract three more electrons to their outer shells because: these electrons are able to pair with unpaired valence electrons the nuclear charge attracts them there are three more spaces available in their outermost shells
all of the above
A capital letter of or a combination of a capital letter and a small letter that is used to represent an element is called an ________
atomic symbol
In the periodic table, the metalloids are found
diagonally, just right of the center
The inner transition metals are not listed in the main body of the periodic because they
have properties that are unlike those of other atomic groups
The potassium ion ( K^1+ ) is smaller than then neutral potassium atom (K, atomic number 19) because _______
it has one less shell containing electrons
In the periodic table, elements listed in rows between alkali metals and the noble gases range from ______
metals to nonmetals
A negative ion is an atom with _________
more electrons that protons
Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called _______
periods
The horizontal rows of elements are called _______
periods
Although the effective nuclear charge in the outer shell of a neon atom is relatively strong (about 8+), neon has no affinity for an additional electron because _________
there is no more room in its outermost occupied shell
Elements in groups 3-12 are called ______
transition elements
Elements in the middle of the periodic table, periods 4 through 7, are called the ________
transition elements
If an element of atomic number 118 is every synthesized, it would be: chemically inert A gas at room temperature radioactive
All of the above
Each vertical column in the periodic table corresponds to an
Atomic group
Elements of the period table are listed in order of
Atomic number
The number of protons in an atom is the ______
Atomic number
Each horizontal row in the periodic table corresponds to an
Atomic period
An average of the masses of all the isotopes that occur in nature for an element is the _______
Avg atomic mass
Which of the following shows elements in order of increasing ionization (Ar, atomic number 18; Br, atomic number 35; Te, atomic number 52; Bi, atomic number 83)? Bi<Te<Ar<Br Ar<Br<Te<Bi Bi<Te<Br<Ar
Bi<Te<Br<Ar
The property that is not typical of a metal is: A shiny appearance Conduction of heat Conduction of electricity Breaking when bent
Breaking when bent
Alkali metals and halogens are similar because both are ________
Chemically active
Because fluorine has one electron less than a stable number in its outer level, it is ______
Chemically active
Which of the following shows elements in order of increasing atomic size (Cl, atomic number 17; K, atomic number 19; Br, atomic number 35; Rb, atomic number 37)? : K<Br<Rb<Cl Cl<Br<K<Rb
Cl<Br<K<Rb
With increasing atomic number, the atomic size of elements
Decreases gradually with periodic sudden increase
The region around the nucleus occupied by electrons is an _______
Electron cloud
The particles that move about the nucleus and have a negative charge are ______
Electrons
An electric current passing through a gas adds ______ to the gas atoms
Energy
An atom with a stable electron arrangement does not add or lose electrons easily since it has ___________
Full valence shells
Vertical columns of elements are called _______
Groups
Atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons are ________
Isotopes
A total count of the neutrons and protons in the atom is the ________
Mass number
Each vertical column of the periodic table lists elements that are ________
Members of the same chemical family
Elements that have some properties of both metals and nonmetals are
Metalloids
Elements that are found on the left side of the periodic table are _________
Metals
Most of the elements in the periodic chart are ______
Metals
As atoms get more massive, they become smaller in size because _________
More mass means more protons, which act to pull electrons in closer to the nucleus
When added energy overcomes the attractive force between an electron and the nucleus of an atom, the electron __________
Moves away from the nucleus
Because helium has an atomic number of 2, it is an example of a ________
Noble gas
The center of an atom where protons and neutrons are located is the _________
Nucleus
A chart that shows classification of elements is called the ________
Periodic table
Protons and neutrons can be subdivided into ______ by colliding them
Quarks
A radioactive isotope of strontium (Sr) is especially dangerous to humans because it tends to accumulate in bone marrow tissues. How does this relate to the organization of the periodic table?
Strontium and calcium are in the same atomic group, hence they have similar physical and chemical properties
Transition metals are primarily used for
Structural purposes
It is relatively easy to pull an electron away from a potassium atom, but very difficult to removed the second one because
The second electron experiences a far greater effective nuclear chage
Mendeleev was able to predict the properties of a number of undiscovered elements by _______
Using the properties of neighboring elements in his periodic chart
At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, examples of elements in all three phases can be found within the: metals nonmetals metalloids
nonmetals