chapter review; diffusion and osmosis

(equilibrium/diffusion) is the simplest type of passive transport.

diffusion

the process of taking material into the cell by infolding the cell membrane is called (endocytosis/exocytosis).

endocytosis

if cells are placed in hypotonic solution it will ________.

explode

in (faciliated/molecular) diffusion, membrane proteins help molecules across the membrane.

faciliated

The difference in the concentration of a substance across a space is called a concentration (equilibrium/gradient).

gradient

a mixture that composes of components that aren't uniform or the have localized regions that all have different properties.

heterogeneous mixture

a mixture which has uniform composition and properties throughout.

homogeneous mixture

a solution that causes a cell to swell is called a (hypertonic/hypotonic) solution

hypertonic

if there is a concentration gradient, substances will move from an area of high concentration to an area of (equal/low) concentration.

low

the direction of water movement across the cell membrane depends on the concentration of free water (molecules/solutions).

molecules

the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called (osmosis/diffusion).

osmosis

Movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy is called (active/passive) transport.

passive

the cell membrane is (selectively permeable/impermeable)

selectively

if cells are placed in hypertonic solution it will _______.

shrink

the substance that is dissolved (sodium)

solute

is the liquid that it is dissolved in (often water)

solvent

in diffusion, molecules (spread out/condense).

spread out

if cells are placed in isotonic solution it will _______.

stay the same

the liquid bilayer describes (a type of transport/the cell membrane).

the cell membrane

movement of substances from areas of high concentration to low

what is diffusion

concentration of solution is greater to that of the cell, water leaves cell, cell shrinks

what is hypertonic

concentration of solution is less than that of the cell, water enters cell, cell swells.

what is hypotonic

concentration of solution is equal to that of the cell

what is isotonic

a material system made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically

what is mixture

cell membrane is one that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it while others can not

what is selectively permeable

a homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase

what is solution

faciliated diffusion moves substances down their concentration gradient (with/without) using the cell's energy.

without

organelles that collect excess water inside the cell and force water out are called (diffusion organelles/contractile vacuoles).

contractile vacuole