chapter review; diffusion and osmosis
(equilibrium/diffusion) is the simplest type of passive transport.
diffusion
the process of taking material into the cell by infolding the cell membrane is called (endocytosis/exocytosis).
endocytosis
if cells are placed in hypotonic solution it will ________.
explode
in (faciliated/molecular) diffusion, membrane proteins help molecules across the membrane.
faciliated
The difference in the concentration of a substance across a space is called a concentration (equilibrium/gradient).
gradient
a mixture that composes of components that aren't uniform or the have localized regions that all have different properties.
heterogeneous mixture
a mixture which has uniform composition and properties throughout.
homogeneous mixture
a solution that causes a cell to swell is called a (hypertonic/hypotonic) solution
hypertonic
if there is a concentration gradient, substances will move from an area of high concentration to an area of (equal/low) concentration.
low
the direction of water movement across the cell membrane depends on the concentration of free water (molecules/solutions).
molecules
the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called (osmosis/diffusion).
osmosis
Movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy is called (active/passive) transport.
passive
the cell membrane is (selectively permeable/impermeable)
selectively
if cells are placed in hypertonic solution it will _______.
shrink
the substance that is dissolved (sodium)
solute
is the liquid that it is dissolved in (often water)
solvent
in diffusion, molecules (spread out/condense).
spread out
if cells are placed in isotonic solution it will _______.
stay the same
the liquid bilayer describes (a type of transport/the cell membrane).
the cell membrane
movement of substances from areas of high concentration to low
what is diffusion
concentration of solution is greater to that of the cell, water leaves cell, cell shrinks
what is hypertonic
concentration of solution is less than that of the cell, water enters cell, cell swells.
what is hypotonic
concentration of solution is equal to that of the cell
what is isotonic
a material system made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically
what is mixture
cell membrane is one that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it while others can not
what is selectively permeable
a homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase
what is solution
faciliated diffusion moves substances down their concentration gradient (with/without) using the cell's energy.
without
organelles that collect excess water inside the cell and force water out are called (diffusion organelles/contractile vacuoles).
contractile vacuole