Chapter Two Biomechanics

Which of the following terms would accurately describe the biceps muscle when in the anatomic reference position? A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral

anterior

Which of the following is true regarding circumduction?

combines flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

What term is used to describe the motion of bringing the foot closer to the lower leg?

dorsiflexion

The cardinal frontal plane divides the body into equal _____

front and back halves

Most human movement falls into which category? A. rectilinear B. curvilinear C. angular or rotational D. general

general

Which of the following are transverse plane movements at the shoulder? A. horizontal abduction B. flexion C. both A and B above D. none of the above

horizontal abduction

Which of the following is/are true regarding anatomical reference position? A. palms face forward B. erect posture C. starting position for describing motion D. all of the above

All of the above

Abduction takes place around which AXIS?

Anteroposterior

Which is true about the Cartesian coordinate system? A. It is a special reference system used by biomechanists. B. It can be used to describe two-dimensional or three-dimensional motion. C. both A and B D. none of the above

Both A and B

Which of the following motions occurs primarily in the frontal plane? A. running B. a cartwheel C. a pirouette D. all of the above

Cartwheel

Which of the following terms best describes translational motion along a curved line?

Curvilinear

Which of the following statements is false? A. the hip is distal to the knee B. the shoulder is superior to the hip C. superficial muscles are closer to the skin than deep muscles D. the triceps are posterior to the biceps

The hip is distal to the knee

A dancer performs a pirouette in which plane?

Transverse

Primarily in which plane does the swinging of a baseball bat occur?

Transverse

______________ describes motion along a straight line, whereas ______________ describes motion along a curved line.

rectilinear, curvilinear

Nodding the head "yes" occurs in which plane?

saggital

In anatomical position, the forearm is in what position? A. pronated B. supinated C. flexed D. abducted

supinated

Which of the following is/are examples of superficial muscle(s)? A. biceps B. triceps C. gastrocnemius D. all of the above

All of the above

Sagittal view is the same as side view.

TRUE

The center of mass is located at the intersection of the three cardinal planes

TRUE

Which of the following describes the knee joint relative to the ankle joint? A. distal B. proximal C. medial D. lateral

proximal

Which of the following limb movements occur during "jumping jacks"?

Adduction and Abduction

Which of the following could be defined by a movement analyst as a mechanical system? A. entire human body B. right arm C. projected ball D. all of the above

All of the above

In anatomical position, the radius is medial to the ulna.

FALSE

Abduction occurs in which PLANE?

Frontal

During the preparatory phase for an underhand softball pitch, the hand holding the ball is drawn behind the body prior to the forward swing of the arm. When the hand is drawn behind the body, which of the following movements occurs at the shoulder?

Hyperextension

Which of the following terms means "farther from the head"?

Inferior COME BACK

Which of the following categories of motion is mutually exclusive with each of the others?

Rotational motion

Which of the following motions occurs primarily in the sagittal plane? A. running B. a cartwheel C. a pirouette D. all of the above

Running

Elbow extension takes place in what plane?

Saggital

In which of the following planes does a forward roll occur?

Sagittal

Which imaginary cardinal plane bisects the body into right and left halves?

Sagittal

Which view is best for observing normal human gait?

Side view

In anatomical position, what term describes the radius relative to the ulna?

lateral

Which of the following is not an example of a sagittal plane movement? A. flexion B. hyperextension C. lateral flexion D. plantar flexion

lateral flexion

Translation is a synonym for ______________ motion.

linear

Movements in the transverse plane occur around which axis?

longitudinal

Internal rotation is synonymous with which of the following? A. medial rotation B. lateral rotation C. external rotation D. none of the choices are correct

medial rotation

The ______________ axis is the imaginary line around which sagittal plane motion occurs.

mediolateral