Chapters 1-6 review

Suppose your school football team is playing its rival on saturday afternoon. it turns out your team gets trounced by the rival 56 to 7. What would you predict on campus come monday morning, based on the classic research of Cialdini.

"CORFing": few people wearing your school's football jerseys.

Which of the following is the best example of a clearly identified problem?

"I need to get a job"

With technology such as facebook available, Americans report

A sense of loneliness and isolation related to the superficial communication in the online world.

Ismelda was born in Mexico, and she and her family immigrated to the U.S. when she was a child. She is the first in her family to attend to college; grew up bilingual and bicultural. based on this background, which of the following is MOST likely a significant cause of stress for ismelda?

Acculturation

Dealing with a rude store clerk and waiting for the results of an examination are two examples of....

Acute Stressors

Research on physical activity suggests that_________ yields the most positive effects.

Aerobic exercise

Roger grew up in a quiet rural area and now he is getting ready for the move to New York City. His campus is in the city, and he will be riding the subway from his walk up apartment in Brooklyn. Roger is somewhat familiar with navigating the city; he and his family have visited New York every winter as long as he can remember. Based on this info. which of the following is Roger MOST likely to experience?

Ambient stress

Any time you have to take a risk to pursue some desirable outcome, you are likely to find yourself in an________ conflict

Approach-avoidance

research with the social readjustment rating scale has shown that people with higher scores

Are vulnerable to physical and psychological problems

Tia's stepfather wears a t-shirt that says "who's your daddy? I am!" he is usually critical of his stepdaughter and her friends. Moreover, he considers her unit to voice her opinions during family meetings. Tia's stepdad is exhibiting the traits associated with the______ parenting style.

Authoritarian

Even though she does not even like the particular genre of music, Jane told all of her friends that the winner of American Idol was from her hometown. Jane was using the method of self-enhancement known as________

Basking in reflected glory.

Suppose the following four students are studying for Monday's short-answer and essay-response exam. Based 9n their study strategies, which of the following students is MOST likely to remember course material on the final exam?

Brianne, who consciously applied course content to her life.

Research shows that smoking increases the likelihood of developing...

Cancers of the pancreas, larynx, and bladder. Cardiovascular diseases and pulmonary diseases.

Modern technology has provided us with....

Countless time-saving devices

Gordon has been a stockbroker for the last 20 years. He has worked at a high powered firm for the last 20 years and prides himself on never taking a day of vacation or being out sick. while he remains productive and turns great profit for his clients, he has been increasingly angry and distrustful of many companies and financial industries. Based on the burnout research, which of the following is Gordon demonstrating?

Cynicism

The paradox of progress is the notion that

Despite unparalleled advances in technology we seem to have more social and personal difficulties

Gloria is struggling in yoga class. She feels self-conscious about her flexibility and core strength to hold particular moves. Instead of leaving the class, she compares herself to the most overweight and inflexible male member of the course and thinks, " well at least I can hold my downward dog better than he can" Gloria us utilizing a_______

Downward comparison

A person who has______ can monitor, identify, Express and regulate emotions, and comprehend the emotions of others.

Emotional intelligence

A psychological researcher is best able to draw conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships by using which of the following research method?

Experiment

Psychologists base their conclusions on_____

Formal, systemic, objective tests of their hypotheses.

Which of the following is considered one of the common warning signs of alcholism?

Frequently drinking to deal with stress or worry.

Which of the following is NOT a reason students procrastinate?

Good oragnization

A behavior pattern marked by commitment, challenge, and control that appears to be related to stress resistance is called....

Hardiness

Eric has been feeling depressed and has a lot tension and anxiety while he looks for a new job. He thinks regular exercise will be benefit. Given thw research, what would you tell him?

He's right. Research supports his assumptions.

Psychobabble

Ill-defined terminology

Daniel feels that he is not a good student despite having good grades. According to Roger's, Daniel may experience discomfort due to....

Incongruence

Which of the following is NOT an assumption underlying the humanistic approach to personality?

Individuals tend to engage in behaviors that have been rewarded in the past.

Beth often came home from school eager to escape online. In fact, she found it difficult to do anything else in the evenings other than spend time on the internet, Beth may be experiencing....

Internet addiction, a form of self-indulgence, and a disruption in time that can ultimately increase her stress levels.

Which of the following individuals is credited with discovering classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov

According to Albert Ellis, which is NOT a way to reduce catastrophic thinking?

Keep your concerns to yourself

Empricism is the premise that_______ should be acquired through______

Knowledge; observation

Which of the following statements regarding the influence of ethnicity and gender on self-esteem is accurate?

Men and Women do not differ in their self-esteem levels for academic ability or emotional well-being.

According to Maslow, our need to fulfill our potential is called the...

Need for self-actualization

Which of the following are Big Five traits?

Neuroticism and openness to experience.

Freud's Psychosexual Stages

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

The pressure_______and the pressure to ______ are 2 subtypes of pressure.

Perform; Conform

Humanistic theories of personality have been critiqued for their.....

Poor testability if hypothesis, inadequate empirical evidence, and unrealistic views of human nature

The school of modern psychology that was developed to offset the perceived emphasis in psychology on pathology and suffering is called....

Positive psychology

Brenda saves money during the summer because she works fewer hours during the fall and her income drops then. Brenda is practicing which type of coping strategy?

Problem-focused

Ramon recently lost his job. He has been searching online for job openings and has an appointment with a placement agency. Which constructive coping tactic is Ramon using?

Problem-focused

An analyst presents a client an illustrated picture. She tells the client to write a story about who the people in the picture are, what happened right before the picture, and ultimately how the situation will turn out in the end. This approach to personality is called.....

Projective testing

When a person must continue to take a drug in order to satisfy an intense emotional and mental craving, the person has developed...

Psychological dependence

You are feeling guilty after your third bowl of ice cream. You tell yourself it's all right because yesterday you skipped lunch. This is an example of...

Rationalization

Which of the following is very important to overall hapiness?

Relationship satisfaction

you realize that no matter how much you hate writing, you will not be able to drop out of English class this semester you want to go to the graduate school of your choice. You hunker down for a miserable semester of hard and studious labor. You are in the______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

Resistance

One's belief about one's ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes is called....

Self-efficacy

According to Jung, the collective unconscious is a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from people's ancestral past, which is_____

Shared with the entire human race.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is based on the idea that....

Some needs are basic than others

People from a collectivistic culture are less likely than those from individualistic cultures to have which of the following traits?

Strive for self-satisfaction

Research indicates that people are....

Surprisingly bad at predicting what will make them happy.

Brenda's mother told her to stop her overt behavior. To which behavior might her mother be referring?

Tapping her foot

Which of the following appears to be a key factor in predicting who is most likely to develop PTSD following a traumatic event?

The intensity of the person's reaction at the time of the traumatic event.

Sometimes, anxiety helps us by motivating us to study for a test, but if we became too anxious, we pass our optimal level of arousal and spend too much time worrying instead of studying. This type of correlation is described as....

The inverted- U hypothesis

An educational researcher wants to determine whether diet causes children to learn better in school. In this study, the independent variable is...

The type of diet

A good reason for taking notes in your own words, rather than verbatim, is that....

This forces you to organize the info. in a way that makes sense to you.

When coping with stress, it is most adaptive to use....

a variety of coping strategies

Finding humor in the situation is considered an ______-focused strategy of constructive coping.

appraisal

Generally, which kind of conflict tends to be the least stressful?

approach-approach

The use of sedatives may result in accidental injury because they...

cause motor coordination to deteriorate

In psychoanalytic theory, the personality component that operates according to the pleasure principle is the....

id

Experiment is a research method in which the investigator manipulates the______ variable and observed whether any changes occur in a ________ variable as a result.

independent; dependent

"Shrewd" "timid" and "self-assured" are all adjectives that can be used to represent______

personality traits.

Attempting to weaken a response by presenting a noxious or aversive stimulus after that response is called....

punishment

An experimental group consists of subjects who...

receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable.

Mario found a +0.80 correlation coefficient between height and diet. He was able to conclude that....

there is a strong relationship between height and diet.