CHEM Chapters 7 and 8
5.60 grams of C6H12O6 has how many moles of C6H12O6
(5.6 grams) C6H12O6= x C6H12O6 (5.6 grams)(1 mole of C6H12O6)/ 180.12 grams C6H12O6 =
Chemical Reaction (2)
-a chemical change produces one or more new substances -there is a change in the composition of one or more substances
Combustion Reaction (2)
-an organic compound reacts with oxygen, O2 -the products are CO2, H2O, and energy
Organic Molecules (2)
-form bonds with H and other C atoms -can also form bonds with atoms of O, N, S and halogens F, Cl, and Br
Chemical Change (4)
-reacting substances form new substances with- -different properties -different compositions -a chemical reaction occurring
Chemical Equations indicates..... (2)
-the materials (reactants) that are used in a chemical reaction -the substances that are produced (products)
C2H5OH + 3 O2----------2 CO2 + 3 H2O How many moles of CO2 from 0.1 moles C2H5OH
0.1 moles C2H5OH-----------x CO2 1 mole C2H5OH= 2 mole CO2 (.1 mole C2H5OH)(2 mole CO2) = 0.2 moles of CO2
CH4 + 2 O2 ___CO2 + 2H2O How many mole CH4 will react to 0.5 mole O2
1 mole CH4= 2 mole O2 1 mole CH4= 0.5 mole O2 (0.5 mole O2)(1 mole CH4) (2 mole CH4) 0.5 mole O2/2 mole CH4 = .25 moles
How many O atoms in 3 moles of C6H12O6
1 mole O= 6.022 x 10 23 O atoms 1 mole C6H12O6= 6 moles of O (3 moles of C6H12O6)(6 moles of O)(6.022 x 10 23) =1.08 x 10 25
C6H12O6 + 6 O2-------------6 CO2 + H2O How many moles CO2 from 60 grams C6H12O6
60 gram C6H12O6-------x mole CO2 1 mole C6H12O6= 6 mole CO2 1 mole C6H12O6= 180 grams CO2 (60 grams C6H12O6) (1 mole C6H12O6)(6)/ 180 grams C6H12O6 = 2 mole CO2
60% C 4.5% H 35.5% O Find molecular formula of CH2O
60%/12.01= 4.99 4.5%/1.01=4.45 35.5%/16.00= 2.22 Smallest number is 2.2 .....divide each Integer that gives you a whole number for each= 4 C 2.27 x 4 H 2.02 x 4 O= 1 x 4 C= 9 H=8 O=4 C9H8O4
CH4 + 2 O2 ___CO2 + 2H2O How many moles of oxygen are needed to react with 8.0 moles of CH2?
8.0 moles CH4= x moles of O2 1 mole CH4= 2 mole O2 (8.0 moles CH4)(2 moles O2)= 16.0 moles of O2
How many moles in 225 grams of C14H8N2O5
C14= 168.14 H18= 18.18 N2= 28.02 O5= 80 =294.34 225 grams/294.34 mass= .764 moles
Type of Reaction-Identify C3H8(g) + 5O2(g)------3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g) + heat
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g)------3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g) + heat
Percent Composition of CO2
C= (1)(12.01) O= (2)(16.00) = 44.01 g/mole C 12.01/44.01 x 100=27.29% O 32.00/44.01 x 100 = 72.71%
How many moles of H in 4 moles of C6H12O6
C= 12.01 x 6 H= 1.01 x 12 O= 16.00 x 6 =180.12 (x) H moles= 4 C6H12O6 (12 moles of H)(4 moles of Glucose) =48 moles of H
How many grams react with Ca(OH)2 with 5 moles of H3(PO4)
Ca= (1)(40.08) O= (2)(16.00) H= (2)(1.01) =74.10 grams 5 moles H3PO4= x grams Ca(OH)2 3 moles Ca(OH)2= 2 moles H3PO4 1 mol Ca(OH)2= 74.10 grams 5 moles of H3PO4 x 3 mol Ca(OH)2 x 74.10 grams Ca(OH)2 / 2 moles H3PO4 =
Types of Reactions-Identify ___1. H2(g) + Br2(g)-------------------2HBr(l) ___2. Al2(CO3)3(s)------------Al2O3(s) + 3CO2(g) ___3. 4Al(s) + 3C(s)----------Al4C3(s)
Combo Decomp Combo
Double Replacement Reaction
two elements in the reactants exchange places. ZnS(s) + 2HCl(aq)-------------------ZnCl2(aq) + H2S(g)
Combination Reaction
two or more elements form one product or simple compounds combine to form one product SO3(g) + H2O(l)---------------H2SO4(aq)
How many moles of H in 6 moles C2H5OH?
6 moles of C2H5OH= x moles H 1 mole C2H5OH= 6 moles H (6 moles C2H5OH)(6 moles H)= 36 moles
A. __Mg(s) + __N2(g)--------------__Mg3N2(s)
3,1,1
MgCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) NaCl(aq) + Mg3(PO4)2(s) BALANCE
3,2,6,1
NH3(g) + O2(g)--------------NO(g) + H2O(g) BALANCE
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)
Molar Mass
1. Mass of one mole of an element or compound 2. The atomic mass expressed in grams
__Al(s) + __H2SO4(aq) __Al2(SO4)3(aq) + __H2(g)
2, 3, 1, 3
__Al(s) + __FeO(s) __Fe(s) + __Al2O3(s)
2, 3, 3, 1
A. __Fe2O3(s) + __C(s) __Fe(s) + __CO2(g)
2, 3, 4, 3
B. __Al(s) + __Cl2------------------------__AlCl3(s)
2,3,2
How many molecules of H2O in 24.0g of H2O
24 grams H2O--------(x) molecules of H2O 1 mole H2O--------6.022 x 10 23 moles of h2o Molar mass H2O is 18.02 grams = 1 mol H2O (24g)(1molH2O)(6.022)/18.02 grams=8.02 10,23
How many molecules of H2O in 24.00 grams of H2O
24g H2O= x molecules H2O 1 mole H2O=6.022x10 23 molecules of H2O H= 2.02 grams O= 16.00 grams =18.02 grams (24g H2O)(1 mole H2O)(6.022x10 23) / (18.02g of H2O) = 8.02 x 10 23
Determine if each equation is balanced or not. A. Na(s) + N2(g) → NaN3(s) B. C2H4(g) + H2O(l) → C2H5OH(l)
A. Na(s) + N2(g) → NaN3(s) 1Na 1Na 2N 3N not balanced -No. The equation is not balanced. B. C2H4(g) + H2O(l) → C2H5OH(l) 2C 2C 6H 6H 1O 1O -Yes. There is the same number of each type of atom in both the reactants and the products.
Molar Mass of Al(OH)3 = 78.01 grams
Al: 26.98 grams 1 mole= 26.98 grams 3 moles=80.940
Emperical Formula NiBr contains Ni= 7.31 grams Br= 20.0 grams
Find the mole of each compound Divide every number by the smallest number of moles Multiply by the smallest integer to get a whole number Ni= 7.31 grams (1 mole= 58.69g) Br= 20.0 grams (1 mole= 79.90g) 7.31/58.69= .125 moles 20.0/79.90 = .250 moles Divide by .125 Ni= 1 Br=2
Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(l) Number of Fe, O, H
H=8 Fe=6 O=8
State the number of atoms of each element on the reactant and on the product sides of the equations. A. P4(s) + 6Br2(l) → 4 PBr3(g) B. 2Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) → 2Fe(s) + Al2O3(s)
P=4 Br=12 Al=2 Fe=2 O=3
Types of Reaction- Identify 2Al(s) + 3H2SO4(aq)---------Al2(SO4)3(s) + 3H2(g) Na2SO4(aq) + 2AgNO3(aq)-----Ag2SO4(s) + 2NaNO3(aq) 3C(s) + Fe2O3(s)-------------- 2Fe(s) + 3CO(g)
Single Double Single
Type of Reactions
combination reactions decomposition reactions single-replacement reactions double-replacement reactions
Single Replacement Reaction
one element takes the place of a different element in a reacting compound. Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq)-----------------FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Decomposition
one reactant splits into two or more simpler substances. 2HgO(s)------------------ 2Hg(l) + O2(g)
