CHEM Distillation

distillation reflux distillate azeotrope boiling point

B. a liquid is boiled and the vapors are condensed into a different container E. a liquid is boiled, the vapors are condensed back into the same container distillate D. a liquid that is collected in a distillation C. a mixture of liquids that boil at a constant temperature with a constant vapor composition A. the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals atmospheric pressure

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus, every piece of glassware should be secured with a clamp.

False

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,no clamp is needed for the round-bottom flask, since it is supported by the heating mantle.

False

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,the heating mantle should rest on the benchtop so the round-bottom flask is as secure as possible.

False

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,the water comes in to the top of the condenser, so it can flow down and exit from the bottom.

False

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,the water should be running as strong as possible to keep the condenser cold.

False

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,all ground-glass joints should be lightly greased.

True

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,the bottom tip of the thermometer bulb should be BELOW the opening to the condenser.

True

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,the heating mantle should be plugged into a rheostat (Variac) only (and not into the wall).

True

True or False: When setting up a distillation apparatus,the round-bottom flask should be no more than 2/3 full.

True

During a distillation, how can you tell if you are distilling a pure liquid?

a steady temperature

A liquid with a HIGH vapor pressure has a ____________ boiling point.

low

Consider a SIMPLE distillation of a 1:1 mixture of two liquids, X and Y. X has a LOWER boiling point. Y has a HIGHER boiling point. What would you predict for the composition of the initial distillate collected?

more X than Y

Consider a FRACTIONAL distillation of a 1:1 mixture of two liquids, X and Y. X has a LOWER boiling point. Y has a HIGHER boiling point. What would you predict for the composition of the initial distillate collected?

pure X