Chem Final Word Problems

What value of L is represented by a S orbital

0

For n=3, what are the possible values for L?

0,1,2

Determine the oxidation state of P in PO3 3-

3+

Predict the charge of an aluminum ion

3+

Give the number of core electrons for Pd

46

Identify the product of the reaction of iron with chlorine

FeCl3

Define a greenhouse gas

Greenhouse gases allow visible light to pass through and warm the Earth's surface, and prevent heat energy from radiating back out into space

Give the formula for sulfurous acid

H2SO3

An endothermic reation has

a negative 🔺H, absorbs heat from the surroundings, and feels cold to the touch

An exothermic reaction has

a negative 🔺H, gives off heat to the surroundings, and feels warm to the touch.

Identify the LARGEST subatomic particle

a neutron

Define molecular gastronomy

a way of preparing food that involves chemistry

The vertical height of a wave is called

amplitude

Identify the SMALLEST subatomic particle

an electron

A substance that cant be chemically broken down into simpler substances is

an element

Which of the following describes a nonmetal?

are poor conductors of heat

Which of the following is NOT a major contributor to energy consumption

atmospheric

Define mean free path

average distance that a molecule travels between collisions

Identify the type of energy that is NOT chemical energy.

ball rolling down a hill

An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure is called a

barometer

Identify the products of a combustion reaction of an alcohol

carbon dioxide and water

Which of the following is the highest energy consumption by source?

coal

When waves of equal amplitude from two sources are in phase when they interact, it is called

constructive interference

a type of energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields is called

electromagnetic radiation

In the same element, ions differ in the number of

electrons

Which of the following signs on Q and W represent the surroundings that is doing work on the system, as well as losing heat to the surroundings

q = -, w = +

Which of the following signs on Q and W represent a system that is doing work on the surroundings, as well as gaining heat from the surroundings?

q=+, w=-

Identify the SI base unit of measure

second

FALSE

solar energy is bad for the environment

Which of the following does NOT describe a metal

tends to gain electrons

Dalton's Atomic Theory states

that matter is composed of small indestructible particles

No two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers is known as

the Pauli Exclusion Principle

Identify how the atomic mass of an element is determined.

the average mass of the isotopes that compose that element

Define heat.

the flow of energy caused by a temperature difference

Molecules can be described as

two or more atoms chemically joined together

Describe the reaction of the alkali metals with non-metals

vigorous

Identify the color of a flame test for sodium

yellow

Give the electronic configuration for carbon

1s2 2s2 2p2

Give the ground state electron configuration for O2-

1s2 2s2 2p6

Give the complete electron configuration for Mn

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d5

What value of L is represented by a D orbital

2

Identify the combustion reaction

2 H2(g) + O2(g) -> 2 H2O(g)

TRUE

A scientific law summarizes a series of related observations

What species is represented by the following information? p+=47 n0=62 e-=46

Ag+

Give the correct formula for aluminum sulfate

Al2(SO4)3

FALSE

An orbital that penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons is more shielded from nuclear charge than an orbital that does not penetrate and therefore has a lower energy

The Great Barrier Reef near Australia is reported to have the best diving in the world. Along the reef, a scuba diver goes down 50ft to look at the sea creatures. As she descends, the air pressure increases, but this is regulated by continuous breathing. Identify the applicable gas law if the diver held her breath.

Boyle's Law

Give the name for CoCl2 • 6H2O. Remember that Co forms several ions.

Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate

TRUE

Hydrogen peroxide is used as rocket fuel and removes color from hair

All samples of a given compound, regardless of their source or how they were prepared, have the same proportions of their constituent elements. Which law does this refer to?

Law of Definite Proportions

When two elements from two different compounds, the masses of element B that combine with 1g of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers. Which law does this refer to?

Law of Multiple Proportions

In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed. Which law does this refer to?

Law of the Conservation of Mass

Identify the LEAST reactive alkali metal with water

Li

TRUE

Liquids are highly compressible

Identify the isoelectric elements

N3-, O2-, F-, Na+, Mg2+

Identify the element that has a ground state electron configuration of [Kr]5s2 4d3.

Nb

Chose the ground state electron configuration for Ti2+

[Ar]4s2

Give the ground state electron configuration for As

[Ar]4s2 3d10 4p3

Give the ground state electron configuration for Sr

[Kr]5s2

Give the ground state electron configuration for the ION of Cs forms

[Kr]5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1

Define thermal energy

energy associated with the temperature of the object

Give the definition for effusion

gas molecules escape from a container into a vacuum through a small hole

Identify a characteristic that is NOT true of halogens

halogens are metaloids

To avoid oxygen toxicity and nitrogen narcosis, deep-sea divers breathe a specialized mixture of gas. Describe the mixture.

helium and oxygen

Energy that is associated with the motion of an object is called

kinetic energy

Identify the instrument that is used to determine the mass of an atom

mass spectrometer

Semiconductors are

metalloids

Give the name for HNO3

nitric acid

A chemical Change

occurs when methane gas is burned

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the LOWEST frequency?

orange

Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following: 65X29

p+=29 n0=29 e-=36

Identify the type of reaction that chefs use in molecular gastronomy

precipitation reation

Define an Arrhenius Acid

produces H+ ions in aqueous solution

Define an arrhenious base

produces OH- ions in aqueous solutions

FALSE

protons have about the same mass as electrons