Chemistry 1: Chapter 5
States that it is impossible to know both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time. A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital
A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle
What is germanium's atomic number? How many electrons does germanium have?
32 32
The electron configuration for bromine is: A. [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5 B. [Kr] 4s2 3d10 4p5 C. [Ar] 4s2 4p5 D. [Se] 4p1
A. [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5
In an atom that has an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p3, what is the total number of electrons in its sublevel of highest energy?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
How many electrons can be in a 3d sublevel? A. 10 B. 5 C. 2 D. 0
A. 10
Which neutral atom has six 3d electrons? A. Fe B. Co C. Ru D. Rh
A. Fe
The element whose electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 is: A. Ge B. Ga C. Si D. Al
A. Ge
When an electron in an atom absorbs energy, it A. moves to a higher energy level B. emits light C. moves to its ground state D. none of the above
A. moves to a higher energy level
Which electrons are represented by the dots in an electron-dot structure? A. valence electrons B. inner-level electrons C. only s electrons D. both a and c
A. valence electrons
Compare the wavelengths and frequencies of each kind of wave. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?
As the wavelength gets bigger, the frequency goes down. As the wavelength gets smaller, the frequency goes up.
The _____ _____ states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available.
Aufbau principle
What element has a single electron in 7s?
Fr
_____ is the number of waves that pass a given point in one second.
Frequency
What element contains three unpaired electrons in its third energy level?
P
an atomic orbital can hold no more than two electrons, and they must be of opposite spin
Pauli Exclusion Principle
What element has an element configuration = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4?
S
What element contains one 3d electron?
Sc
Identify the element, if the configuration shows the atom in an excited state, write the ground configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4
Se
Identify the element, if the configuration shows the atom in an excited state, write the ground configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2
Si
What element contains only two electrons in its fifth energy level?
Sr
How do the Bohr model and the quantum mechanical model of the atom differ in how they describe electrons?
The quantum mechanical model is where electrons are treated as waves. Bohr's model attempts to describe the electron's path around the nucleus.
Write the ground-state electron configuration of a germanium atom, using noble gas notation.
[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p2
Using noble gas shorthand, write the electron configuration of astatine (At).
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p5
Electrons in an atom tend to assume the arrangement that gives the atom the _____ possible energy.
lowest
A principle energy has (n, n^2) energy sublevels.
n
Hydrogen's principal energy level 3 consists of (nine, three) orbitals
nine
frequency
number of wavelengths per second
region where an electron resides in an atom
orbital
tiny packet of energy
photon
Which waves can be seen by the eye?
visible light
The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave is called a(n) _____.
wavelength
distance between two waves
wavelength
What is the maximum number of electrons that can be in the third principle energy level?
18
What is the electron configuration for Al?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
What is the electron configuration for Sn?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p2
What is the electron configuration for Fe?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6
The _____ _____ _____ states that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have opposite _____.
Puali exclusion principle spins
Which of the following has the highest ionization energy? A. K B. Ge C. Si D. O
D. O
Which of the following is the smallest atom? A. K B. Ge C. Si D. O
D. O
Which of the following groups of atoms have the same outermost electron configurations but have different n values? A. N, O, F, Ne B. S, Cl, Ar, K C. Ca, Ge, Sr, In D. O, S, Se, Te
D. O, S, Se, Te
A three-dimensional region around the nucleus representing the probability of finding an electron A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital
D. atomic orbital
_____ is one type of electromagnetic radiation.
Light
What element contains a full second energy level as its valence shell?
Ne
If you looked closely, could you see the wavelength of a fast-moving car? Explain your answer.
No because it has a large mass
Identify the element, if the configuration shows the atom in an excited state, write the ground configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p3 3p1
O 1s2 2s2 2p4
inner electrons of an atom
core electrons
Hydrogen's principal energy level 2 consists of (2s and 3s, 2s and 2p) orbitals
2s and 2p
Which is the correct number of valence electrons in the element Sulfur (S)? A. 16 B. 6 C. 2 D. 3
B. 6
Which element has the configuration for the element 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5 A. Titanium (Ti) B. Chromium (Cr) C. Sulfur (S) D. Selenium (Se)
B. Chromium (Cr)
Originally applied to the hydrogen atom, it led to the quantum mechanical model of the atom A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital
B. Schrodinger wave equation
In an electron-dot structure, the element's symbol represents the A. nucleus of the noble gas closest to the atom in the periodic table B. atom's nucleus and inner-level electrons. C. atom's valence electrons D. electrons of the noble gas closest to the atom in the periodic table.
B. atom's nucleus and inner-level electrons.
As the wavelength of light increases, its frequency A. increases B. decreases C. does not change D. oscillates
B. decreases
The configuration for the outermost level in Al is A. 2s2 2p1 B. 3s2 3p6 C. 3s2 3p1 D. 4s2 4p1
C. 3s2 3p1
Which one of the following elements has five valence electrons? A. B B. C C. N D. F
C. N
A(n) _____ is the minimum amount of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom. A. valence electrons B. electron C. quantum D. Planck's constant
C. quantum
The modern model of the atom that treats electrons as waves A. Heisenberg uncertainty principle B. Schrodinger wave equation C. quantum mechanical model of the atom D. atomic orbital
C. quantum mechanical model of the atom
The electrons in an atom's outermost orbitals are called A. electron dots. B. quantum electrons C. valence electrons D. noble-gas electrons
C. valence electrons
What element contains seven electrons in its 3d orbitals?
Co
Which is the correct electron configuration for the element Molybdenum (Mo)? A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d4 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4d10 4p6 5s2 5d4 D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d4
D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d4
Which is the correct number of valence electrons in the element Gallium (Ga)? A. 13 B. 31 C. 1 D. 3
D. 3
Which one of these elements has 5 valence electrons? A. Boron (B) B. Rubidium (Rb) C. Vanadium (V) D. Arsenic (As)
D. Arsenic (As)
_____ _____ states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins occupy the same orbitals.
Hund's rule
The height of a wave from the origin to a crest or from the origin to a trough is the _____.
amplitude
Bohr's atomic model failed to explain the _____ _____ _____ of elements other than hydrogen.
atomic emission spectrum
Atomic orbitals (do, do not) have an exactly defined size
do not
The arrangement of electrons in an atom is called the atom's _____ _____.
electron configuration
The maximum number of (electrons, orbitals) related to each principal energy level equals 2n^2
electrons
Bohr proposed that when energy is added to a hydrogen atom, its _____ moves to a higher-energy orbit.
energy
Electromagnetic radiation is a kind of _____ that behaves like a _____ as it travels through space.
energy wave
contains an electron with excess energy
excited state
True or False: As the amount of energy carried by a wave decreases, its wavelength increases
false
True or False: In the visible light spectrum, red light has a greater frequency than violet light
false
True or False: Like the visible spectrum, an atomic emission spectrum is a continuous range of colors
false
True or False: The neon atoms in a neon sign emit their characteristic color in light as they absorb energy.
false
True or False: [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5 is the correct electron configuration for the element Bromine
false
Bohr's model of the atom predicted the _____ of the lines in hydrogen's atomic emission spectrum.
frequencies
the number of waves that pass a given point per unit of time
frequency
The lowest allowable energy state of an atom is called its _____ _____.
ground state
lowest possible energy state for an atom
ground state
The SI unit for frequency is the _____, which is equivalent to one wave per second.
hertz
According to Bohr's atomic model, the larger an electron's orbit, the _____ the atom's energy level.
higher
energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase
ionization energy
According to Bohr's atomic model, the smaller an electron's orbit, the _____ the atom's energy level
lower
All waves can be characterized by their wavelength, amplitude, frequency, and _____.
speed
All s orbitals are (spherically shaped, dumbbell shaped).
spherically shaped
This arrangement of electrons is the most _____ arrangement and is called the atom's _____-_____ _____ _____
stable ground-state electron configuration
There are (three, five) equal energy p orbitals.
three
True or False: A flame test can be used to identify the presence of certain elements in a compound
true
True or False: An electron can be identified by the characteristic bright-line atomic emission spectrum it can produce.
true
True or False: Atomic emission spectra can be explained by the wave model of light
true
True or False: Each element has a unique atomic emission spectrum.
true
True or False: Energy is found only in specific discrete amounts, called quanta
true
True or False: The fact that only certain colors appear in an element's atomic emission spectrum indicates that only certain frequencies of light are emitted.
true
True or False: The maximum number of allowed valence electrons in any atom is 8
true
True or False: Valence refers to the total number of electrons that exist in the orbitals that occupy the outermost energy level of an atom
true
True or False: When an atom emits light, photons having certain specific energies are being emitted.
true
True or False: Although the precise location of an electron cannot be determined, it is possible to determine the probability that an electron will occupy a certain region around the nucleus.
true
Each orbital may contain at most (two, four) electrons.
two
electrons in outermost (highest) occupied principal energy level
valence electrons
Sequence the different segments of the visible spectrum in order from shortest wavelengths to longest wavelengths
violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red